Selcë e Poshtme

Selcë e Poshtme ("Lower Selcë") is a village located in the Mokra area, Korçë County, Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Pogradec.[1] Near the village, on the right bank of Shkumbin river at an elevation of 1,040 metres (3,410 ft) above sea level, 5 Illyrian Royal Tombs of Selca e Poshtme are found. In 1996, Albania included the Royal Tombs of Lower Selcë in the UNESCO World heritage list of proposals.[2]

Selcë e Poshtme
Village
Selcë e Poshtme is located in Albania
Selcë e Poshtme
Selcë e Poshtme
Coordinates: 40°59′N 20°31′E
Country Albania
CountyKorçë
MunicipalityPogradec
Municipal unitProptisht
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)

History
Hill settlement at Selcë e Poshtme.
Part of the facade of Royal Tomb IV at Selca e Poshtme.

At Selcë e Poshtme an Illyrian settlement was established since the early Iron Age. At the beginning of the 4th century BC the first pre-urban phase evolved into a second urban phase that lasted until the 1st century AD. It was located in the region of the Illyrian Dassaretii. The Illyrian Royal Tombs were built on this site during the 4th and 2nd centuries BC.[3][4][5]

The third and last phase of the site was less developed than the two previous phases.[3] Archaeological remains of the first three centuries of the Common Era are the least representative of the site.[6] The settlement continued being inhabited during the Roman Imperial period under Anastasius I and Justinian.[6] The third phase lasted until the settlement was abandoned in late antiquity between the 4th and 6th centuries CE.[3]

The site of Selcë was in antiquity a flourishing economical centre more developed than the surroundings because it occupied a predominant position inside the region currently called Mokër, and because it controlled the road which led from the Adriatic coasts of Illyria to Macedonia.[7][4]

Lower Selcë is a suggested location of the historic site of Pellion,[8][9] where in 335 BC Alexander the Great advanced his forces to attack the Illyrians under Cleitus, son of Bardylis and Glaukias of the Taulantii, following the death of Philip II, thus securing Macedonia's northern border before leaving to conquer Asia.[9] However alternative locations for Pelion have been proposed, including Zvezde near Korça or in Goricë.[10] In the area of modern Pogradec, Illyrians seems to have been influenced by the styles of the Macedonians.[11]

References
  1. "Law nr. 115/2014" (PDF) (in Albanian). pp. 6372–6373. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  2. "Les tombes de la Basse Selca".
  3. Castiglioni 2010, pp. 93–94: "Le matériel céramique retrouvé (notamment des tessons peints en marron rougeâ-tre) a permis de dater les débuts de la vie de ce site à partir de la première période del'âge du fer. La première phase pré-urbaine a évolué en une deuxième phase, urbaine,au commencement du IVe siècle av. J.-C. et jusqu'au Ier siècle ap. J.-C. La troisième etdernière phase, moins riche que la précédente, se conclut avec l'abandon de la villedans l'Antiquité tardive (IVe-VIe siècles ap. J.-C.)... "Selcë appartenait géographiquement, au IIIe siècle av. J.-C., à la région illyrienne appelée Dassarétide, territoire comprenant les vallées de l'Osum et du Devoll et s'étendant vers l'est dans les plateaux de Kolonje et de Korçe, et dans la zone autour du lac de Pogradec."
  4. Shehi 2015, p. 54.
  5. Zindel et al. 2018, p. 401.
  6. Shehi 2015, pp. 54–55.
  7. Castiglioni 2010, pp. 88–89: "Le premier de ces deux témoignages est un fermoir de ceinture retrouvé dans un tombeau monumental de la localité albanaise de la basse Selce (Selcë e Poshtme) située dans le district de Pogradec, dans la partie orientale du pays, à quelques kilomètres du lac d'Ohrid et à 1010 m au-dessus du niveau de la mer. Ce centre a bénéficié dans le passé d'un essor économique plus florissant par rapport aux plus modestes agglomérations des alentours, grâce à la position centrale et prédominante qu'il occupe à l'intérieur de la contrée actuellement appelée Mokër, et grâce au contrôle de la route qui conduisait des côtes adriatiques de l'Illyrie à la Macédoine, route qui longeait le cours du fleuve Shkumbin (Genusus) et qui passait autrefois par les Gorges de Çervenake. La ville s'étendait sur les terrasses naturelles de la col-line de Gradishte ou Qyteze, dont la partie ouest descend abruptement vers le cours du fleuve Shkumbin."
  8. Wilkes 1992, p. 130: "After 350 BC Illyrian towns are believed to have become established at Lissus (Lezha) and Shkoder and in the interior at Antipatreia (Berat) and also at Selce e Poshtme in the Shkumbin valley, a suggested location for Pelion." p. 136: "Selce e Poshtme a candidate for the location of Pelion"
  9. Shehi 2015, p. 55.
  10. Barrington atlas of the Greek and Roman world by Richard J. A. Talbert, 2000, ISBN 0-691-04945-9, page 755
  11. The Cambridge ancient history,Tome 6 by John Boardman, ISBN 0-521-85073-8, 1994, page 440

Sources
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