StopFake

The StopFake website is a project of Ukrainian media NGO Media Reforms Center. It was founded in March 2014 by Ukrainian professors and students with the stated purpose of refuting Russian propaganda and fake news.[3][4][5] It began as a Russian- and English-language fact-checking organization, and has grown to include a TV show broadcast on 30 local channels, a weekly radio show, and a strong social media following.[6]

StopFake
FormationMarch 2, 2014 (2014-03-02)
FoundersMargot Gontar
Oleg Shankovskyi
Yevhen Fedchenko (chief editor[1])
Ruslan Deynychenko
PurposeFact-checking
HeadquartersKyiv, Ukraine
Official languages
Russian, English, Spanish, Italian, Romanian, Bulgarian, French, Dutch, Czech, German[2]
Staff (2022)
15
Websitewww.stopfake.org

Stopfake was founded as a volunteer effort, but by 2017 included paid employees on its team. It is largely funded by grants.[7] It has received praise from other media outlets. In 2014 it received a BOBs award from Deutsche Welle and a Free Media Pioneer award from the International Press Institute.

History

The organization grew out of an online discussion between faculty and alumni of National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy.[8] Margot Gontar (at that point a recent master's graduate of the Mohyla journalism program), Oleg Shankovskyi, Ruslan Deynychenko,[2] and Yevhen Fedchenko (a professor of journalism at Mohyla Academy) co-founded the organization in 2014.[9][8][5][10] The website StopFake.org went live on 2 March 2014.[11] It was founded shortly after the invasion and annexation of Crimea by Russia.[7]

In its first four months of operation, its website averaged one and a half million visitors per month.[12]

In November 2016, the organization became a partner in the First Draft News network.[2]

Operation

StopFake opposes the spread of disinformation by Russia,[3][13] focusing on information disseminated on social media.[14] including through the use of digital tools.[15] It produces StopFake News, a weekly television show hosted by co-founder Gontar only about fake news, and holds the standard that "[i]f fact checkers cannot prove that a story published or broadcast by another news media outlet is false, it will not be featured in the weekly airing".[5]

Following the allegations of Russian influence in the 2016 United States presidential election, StopFake began to gain international recognition.[4] The site has been financed by crowdfunding, readers' contributions, the Renaissance Foundation, National Endowment for Democracy, National Democratic Institute, German Marshall Fund, the Foreign Ministry of the Czech Republic, the Foreign Ministry of the United Kingdom, the British Embassy in Ukraine, and the Sigrid Rausing Trust.[16][17][2][18] In 2022 Fortune described it as operating on a "shoestring budget".[7]

StopFake started as a volunteer effort, but it had 26 paid staff members by 2017.[8][12][5] CBS News reported in February 2022 that it was run by volunteers and journalism students.[19] In April 2022 The Washington Post reported that it had 15 employees.[20]

In July 2020, StopFake signed an agreement with National TV and Radio Council on cooperation in monitoring and analyzing disinformation. StopFake is also a third party fact checker for Facebook.[21][22] Stopfake is part of the International Fact-Checking Network, run by the Poynter Institute, which sets editorial standards for fact-checking organisations.[20]

Reception

Olga Yurkova, the founder and editor of StopFake, was included in the 2016 New Europe 100 list chosen by the Financial Times, Google, Res Publica and Visegrád Group. The list recognises central and eastern Europe’s brightest and best people.[23] StopFake won the "Best Project in Russian Award" in Deutsche Welle's 2014 BOBs awards.[24]

The New York Times wrote in 2017 that StopFake "is highly respected in journalistic circles here in Kyiv, the Ukrainian capital, for its specialty of debunking fake news", and it "reported some of the biggest nonstories of the war" in Ukraine.[5] Also in 2017, Politico stated that "the journalism school crew behind StopFake have emerged as the 'grand wizards' of the fake-news-busting world".[4] Freedom House described it as a "gold standard" in exposing fake news, said that its work has become "a model in other Central and Eastern European countries".[7]

In 2020, The New York Times reported that despite its commitment to neutral fact-checking, as per Facebook's policy, StopFake was accused of bias in its work.[25]

During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine Stopfake received attention for its role in combating disinformation. Fortune described it as a "vital force" in protecting Ukraine's efforts against propaganda and disinformation.[7][20][26] In 2022, Stopfake was one of seven Ukrainian outlets that was awarded the Free Media Pioneer award by the International Press Institute[27][28] and the Library of Congress announced it would digitally archive the website as a record of Russian propaganda during the war.[29]

Zaborona article alleging ties to far-right groups

In 2020, the Zaborona website published a report, co-authored by Ukrainian journalist Ekaterina Sergatskova, which accused StopFake of having links with Ukrainian far-right and neo-Nazi groups, such as S14.[30][25][31] The report included that Marko Suprun, host of StopFake's English-language video program, had been shown in social media photographs at a gathering with two musicians from Holocaust-denying white power band Sokyra Peruna and another controversial band Komu Vnyz.[25][31] The report also stated that the director and founder of StopFake, Yevhen Fedchenko, had tweeted in defence of S14 on one occasion, spoken against freedom of the press and supported the website Myrotvorets.[30][25][31] Following this Sergatskova was subjected to online harassment from commentators and hard right figures, including death threats and posting of her personal information, and she left Kyiv, reporting fears for her life.[30][32][33] The threats were condemned by StopFake.[25]

StopFake said the accusations in the article were untrue, calling the Zaborona article a part of a campaign of slanderous "information attacks" against the project team.[34] StopFake said that the use of the photographs to allege far-right connections were employing "guilt by association".[25] StopFake has subsequently signed a statement by media workers calling for a defence of Sergatskova from death threats.[30][35][36] Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba supported StopFake, saying that his ministry observed co-ordinated, systematic attempts by Russia to undermine the reputation of the fact-checking project.[37] The Media Reforms Center complained to Ukraine's Independent Media Council (IMC) about Zaborona. IMC ruled that the Zaborona story violated three principles of the journalistic code of ethics and "groundlessly and biasedly discredits the StopFake project as a fact-checker, misleading the readers about the mechanism of interaction between the fact-checkers and Facebook".[38][39][40]

References
  1. Milasius, Dominykas; Bankauskaitė, Dalia (27 April 2022). "The Smart Power of Lithuanian Foreign Policy". CEPA. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  2. Budivska, Halnya (2 March 2017). "StopFake, Ukraine's Fact-Checking Site, Expands Across Europe". European Journalism Observatory. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
  3. Hern, Alex (19 June 2017). "Facebook and Twitter are being used to manipulate public opinion – report". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 February 2019. The report on the country's efforts to tackle Russian misinformation highlights the StopFake project, a collaborative effort to tackle fake stories "produced mainly by the Russian media"
  4. Maheshwari, Vijai (12 March 2017). "Ukraine's fight against fake news goes global". Politico. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  5. Kramer, Andrew E. (26 February 2017). "To Battle Fake News, Ukrainian Show Features Nothing but Lies". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  6. "Ukraine's Remedy for Fake News: News About Fake News". WNYC Studios. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
  7. "Meet Ukraine's fact-checkers on the war's front lines". Fortune. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
  8. "A Ukrainian factchecking site is trying to spot fake photos in social media — and building audience". Nieman Lab. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
  9. Chimbelu, Chiponda (6 May 2014). "Fake news can ruin lives, says Stopfake.org founder". DW.COM. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
  10. "In Ukraine, A Battle of Words and Images". Time. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
  11. "Media Myths Regarding Events in Ukraine are Misleading". mythdetector.ge. Media Development Foundation. 2014-11-27. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
  12. Stephen, Russ-Mohl (28 July 2014). "Stopfake: Ukraine's Reply to Propaganda". European Journalism Observatory. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
  13. Palma, Bethania (27 June 2017). "Russia's Neighbor Ukraine Besieged by 'Fake News' and Hacking Years Before United States". Snopes. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  14. "Crecen los sitios web dedicados sólo a chequear informaciones". Clarín (in Spanish). 25 July 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2019. Each fact-checking undertaking has its specificity. In Ukraine, StopFake.org focuses on social networks, which function as one of the main sources of information for citizens, and evaluates the veracity of the images disseminated, currently closely related to the war in the country.
  15. Priest, Dana; Birnbaum, Michael (25 June 2017). "Europe has been working to expose Russian meddling for years". Washington Post. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  16. "About us". StopFake. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  17. "О нас". StopFake (in Russian). Retrieved 5 April 2022.
  18. "Media Reforms Center". The Sigrid Rausing Trust. 1 January 2015. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  19. Ott, Haley (17 February 2022). "Information warfare expert says the U.S. is finally countering Russia at its own game". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
  20. Nix, Naomi (12 April 2022). "In Ukraine, Facebook fact-checkers fight a war on two fronts". The Washington Post. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  21. "Нацрада оприлюднила меморандум про співпрацю зі StopFake". detector.media (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-22. Retrieved 2022-07-05.
  22. Piper, Elizabeth (5 April 2022). "Eight years after Maidan revolution, Ukraine better equipped for infowar with Russia". Reuters. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  23. Foy, Henry (15 November 2016). "New Europe 100 — changemakers in central and eastern Europe". Financial Times. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  24. "Best of Online Activism". Deutsche Welle. 2014. Archived from the original on 20 December 2020. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  25. Troianovski, Anton (26 July 2020). "Fighting False News in Ukraine, Facebook Fact Checkers Tread a Blurry Line". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  26. "Battle Is Intense Against Disinformation on Russia's War in Ukraine". VOA. 10 March 2022. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  27. "Ukraine live briefing: IAEA mission inspects nuclear plant after delays". Washington Post. 2022-09-01. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
  28. "IMS". IMS. 1 September 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  29. The Odessa Journal (25 August 2022). "StopFake was included in the archives of the US Library of Congress". odessa-journal.com. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  30. "Ukrainian journalist forced to flee following threats from far-right". The Independent. July 14, 2020. Archived from the original on 2022-05-25. Sergatskova co-authored an investigation alleging links between neo-nazi groups and StopFake, a Ukrainian NGO working as a Facebook fact-checking partner. [...] Mr Suprun, the Canadian husband of Ukraine's former health minister, was shown sharing platforms with former C14 members and other far-right figures, including one convicted of a racially-motivated murder. Yevhen Fedchenko, director of StopFake and the journalism school at Kyiv's Mohyla Academy, has also previously tweeted in defence of C14.
  31. "Zaborona vs. StopFake: what is hiding behind Ukraine's ongoing media conflict?". New Eastern Europe - A bimonthly news magazine dedicated to Central and Eastern European affairs. 3 August 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2022. reprinted in Kyiv Post
  32. "Ukraine: Independent Journalist Threatened". Human Rights Watch. 14 July 2020.
  33. "Ukraine Urged To Protect Journalist Threatened Over Her Reporting". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty.
  34. "The StopFake Supervisory Board Position About the Escalating Information Attacks Directed Against the Project Team". StopFake. 2020-07-08. Retrieved 2020-09-29.
  35. Coynash, Halya (15 July 2020). "Civic groups demand protection for Ukrainian journalist who got death threats over controversial article". Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  36. Данькова, Наталія; Незалежна медійна рада; Інститут масової інформації; ГО «Детектор медіа»; Луканов, Юрій; Довженко, Отар (15 July 2020). "Громадські організації вимагають захистити Катерину Сергацкову". detector.media (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  37. "МЗС підтримало Stopfake після скандалу із «Забороною», заявивши про намагання Росії підірвати репутацію фактчекерів". Hromadske. 6 August 2020.
  38. "Opinion No. 43 on feature article from Zaborona media on StopFake fact-checking project – Незалежна медійна рада". Незалежна медійна рада. 16 July 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  39. "Незалежна медійна рада визнала публікацію "Заборони" про StopFake дискредитуючою". Український тиждень (in Ukrainian). 2020-09-04. Retrieved 2022-12-13.
  40. "Незалежна медійна рада визнала, що стаття "Заборони" про StopFake порушує журналістську етику". ZMINA (in Ukrainian). 2020-09-04. Retrieved 2022-12-13.
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