Mafenide

Mafenide (INN; usually as mafenide acetate, trade name Sulfamylon) is a sulfonamide-type medication used as an antibiotic. It was approved by the FDA in 1948.

Mafenide
Clinical data
Trade namesSulfamylon, Mafylon
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
Routes of
administration		Topical
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
  • 4-(Aminomethyl)benzenesulfonamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.004.843
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC7H10N2O2S
Molar mass186.23 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=S(=O)(c1ccc(cc1)CN)N
  • InChI=1S/C7H10N2O2S/c8-5-6-1-3-7(4-2-6)12(9,10)11/h1-4H,5,8H2,(H2,9,10,11) checkY
  • Key:TYMRLRRVMHJFTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Uses

Mafenide is used to treat severe burns.[1][2] It is used topically as an adjunctive therapy for second- and third-degree burns. It is bacteriostatic against many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Some sources state that mafenide is more appropriate for non-facial burns, while chloramphenicol/prednisolone or bacitracin are more appropriate for facial burns.[3]

Mechanism of action

Mafenide works by reducing the bacterial population present in the avascular tissues of burns and permits spontaneous healing of deep partial-thickness burns.

Adverse reactions

Adverse reactions can include superinfection, pain or burning upon application, rash, pruritus, tachypnea, or hyperventilation. Mafenide is metabolized to a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, which could potentially result in metabolic acidosis.[4]

Drug interactions

There are no significant interactions.

Contraindications

Mafenide is contraindicated in those with sulfonamide hypersensitivity or renal impairment.

Dosage

For use as adjunctive therapy for second- and third-degree burns to prevent infection, adults and children should apply topically to a thickness of approximately 1.6 mm to cleaned and debrided wound once or twice per day with a sterile gloved hand. The burned area should be covered with cream at all times.

References
  1. Siuda J. F.; Cihonski C. D. (1972). "New compounds: carbamate derivatives of mafenide (homosulfanilamide)". J. Pharm. Sci. 61 (11): 1856–1857. doi:10.1002/jps.2600611143. PMID 4652670.
  2. Haynes B. (1971). "Mafenide acetate in Burn Treatment". New England Journal of Medicine. 284 (23): 1324. doi:10.1056/NEJM197106102842310. PMID 5576444.
  3. Haik J, Ashkenazy O, Sinai S, et al. (November 2005). "Burn care standards in Israel: lack of consensus". Burns. 31 (7): 845–9. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2005.04.012. PMID 15967581.
  4. "Sulfamylon (Mafenide Acetate)". RxList. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
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