List of tallest buildings and structures in London

St Paul's Cathedral, built in 1710, was the tallest building in London at 111 metres (364 ft) until it was overtaken in 1963 by the Millbank Tower at 118 metres (387 ft), which in turn was overtaken by the BT Tower which topped out at 177 metres (581 ft) tall in 1964. In the 1960s and 1970s several high-rise buildings were built, located sporadically, mostly in the western side of Central London with some in the City of London. The first true "skyscrapers" to be built in London were the NatWest Tower (now called Tower 42) which was completed in 1980 in the City of London at 183 metres (600 ft) tall and One Canada Square which was completed in 1991 at 235 metres (771 ft) and formed the centrepiece of the Canary Wharf development.

The BT Tower, completed in 1964 at 177 metres tall
The BT Tower, completed in 1964 at 177 metres tall
30 St Mary Axe "the Gherkin", completed in 2004 at 180 metres tall
The Gherkin, completed in 2003 at 180 metres tall
The Shard, completed in 2012 at 309.6 metres tall
The Shard, completed in 2012 at 309.6 metres tall
Arguably London's three most famous skyscrapers

The 2000s saw a boom in skyscraper building, mostly in the City of London and Canary Wharf. However, since 2010, the tallest building in London has been The Shard at London Bridge, which was topped out at 309.6 metres (1,016 ft) in 2012. There are more tall buildings planned for the City and Canary Wharf, but there are also clusters emerging in other districts of London including: Stratford, the South Bank, Elephant and Castle, Vauxhall, Nine Elms, Islington, Lewisham as well as in places in Outer London such as Croydon.

As of 2022, there are 121 buildings or structures that are at least 100 metres (328 ft) tall in the Greater London metropolitan area, with 24 of these being in the City of London and 27 being in the Canary Wharf / Isle of Dogs district. The Greater London metropolitan area contains the second most skyscrapers of any city in Europe. There are 39 skyscrapers in Greater London that reach a roof height of at least 150 metres (492 ft),[1] with 57 in Moscow, 24 in the Paris Metropolitan Area, 18 in Frankfurt, 16 in Warsaw, 7 in Manchester, 6 in Madrid, along with 5 in Milan and Rotterdam.

History

Medieval and early modern period

The history of tall structures in London began with the completion of the 27-metre (89 ft) White Tower, a part of the Tower of London, in 1098.[2] The first structure to surpass a height of 100 metres (328 ft) was the Old St Paul's Cathedral. Completed in 1310, it stood at a height of 150 metres (492 ft).[2] St Paul's was the world's tallest structure until 1311, when its height was surpassed by Lincoln Cathedral in Lincoln.[3][4] It regained the title when the spire of Lincoln Cathedral fell in 1549.[4][5][6]

Although the spire of the Old St Paul's was destroyed by lightning in 1561, it still stood as the tallest structure in London,[6] while the world's tallest structure became Strasbourg Cathedral in Strasbourg, France.[7][8] St Paul's was severely damaged by the Great Fire of London in 1666.[9] The title of the tallest structure in London passed to Southwark Cathedral, which stands at a height of 50 metres (164 ft) and no structure in London again rose above 100 metres until 1710, when the current St Paul's Cathedral was completed at 111 metres (364 ft), becoming London's tallest building.[10][2]

19th century

Few skyscrapers were built in London before the late 20th century, owing to restrictions on building heights originally imposed by the London Building Act of 1894, which followed the construction of the 14-storey Queen Anne's Mansions.[11] Though restrictions have long since been eased, strict regulations remain to preserve protected views, especially those of St Paul's, the Tower of London and Palace of Westminster, as well as to comply with the requirements of the Civil Aviation Authority.[12][13]

1960s and 1970s

The lifting of height restrictions caused a boom in the construction of tall buildings during the 1960s.[13][14] St Paul's Cathedral remained as London's tallest building until it was overtaken in 1963 by the Millbank Tower at 118 metres (387 ft),[2][15][16] which in turn was overtaken by the BT Tower which topped out just one year later in 1964 at 177 metres (581 ft) and officially opened in 1965.[2][17][18][19] One of London's first notable tall buildings was the 117-metre (384 ft) Centre Point, completed in 1966.[20]

Others completed in the 1960s include: the Empress State Building at 100 metres (328 ft) in 1961,[15][21] the Shell Centre at 107 metres (351 ft) in 1961,[22][23] the London Hilton at 101 metres (331 ft) in 1963,[24][25] Portland House at 101 metres (331 ft) in 1963,[22][26] and Euston Tower at 124 metres (407 ft) in 1970,[15][27] all built on the west side of Central London. In 1969, St. Helen's at 118 metres (387 ft) was completed in the City of London,[15][28] along with Britannic House in 1967 at 122 metres (400 ft),[29][30] but the latter was refurbished in 2000, increased to 127m in height and renamed Citypoint.[31] Cromwell Tower, completed in 1973, Lauderdale Tower, completed in 1974 and Shakespeare Tower, completed in 1976, all at 123 metres (404 ft), were built as part of the Barbican Estate in the northern part of the City of London.[32][33][34]

1980s, 1990s and 2000s

The NatWest Tower, later renamed Tower 42, was completed in 1980, which at 183 metres (600 ft) and 42 storeys, was considered the first "skyscraper" in the City of London.[35] Its height was controversial, being contrary to the previous height restrictions, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom at the time and also the tallest cantilever building in the world.[35] Following an over ten-year gap, One Canada Square was completed in 1991 at 235 metres (771 ft) and formed the centrepiece of the Canary Wharf development,[35] which itself is part of the Isle of Dogs and can be considered the east-side of Central London. At 50 storeys, it became the tallest building in the United Kingdom.[35]

With the encouragement of Ken Livingstone who was Mayor of London from 2000 to 2008, a renewed trend for building tall was established in the 2000s.[36][37][38]

Following another over 10-year gap, 8 Canada Square and 25 Canada Square, both standing at 200 metres (660 ft), were completed at Canary Wharf in 2002.[39][40] Several others of a smaller height followed at Canary Wharf including: Heron Quays,[41] 40 Bank Street in 2003 at 153 metres (502 ft),[41] 10 Upper Bank Street in 2003 at 151 metres (495 ft),[41] and 25 Bank Street in 2004 at 153 metres (502 ft).[41] In the City of London, The Gherkin was completed in 2003 at 180 metres (590 ft),[42] Heron Tower in 2007 at 230 metres (750 ft),[43] and the Broadgate Tower in 2008 at 165 metres (541 ft).[44][41] Notably, some of the awards given to 30 St Mary Axe include the Emporis Skyscraper Award in 2003[45] and the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2004.[46]

2010s to present

Boris Johnson, who was Mayor of London from 2008 to 2016, approved the construction of more skyscrapers in London.[47][48][49]

At the time of its completion in 2010, Strata SE1 was the tallest residential building in London.[50] The Shard topped out in 2012 at London Bridge and at 309.6 metres (1,016 ft) remains London's tallest building.[51] In 2014, the 225 metres (738 ft) tall 122 Leadenhall Street, nicknamed "the Cheesegrater", was completed in the City of London.[52] In September 2016 a refit was completed of the 111m King's Reach Tower, originally built in the 1970s, which included an 11-storey height increase to bring it up to 150 metres (490 ft) tall and it was renamed the South Bank Tower.[53]

One Blackfriars, also located on the South Bank, topped out in 2017 at 163 metres (535 ft).[54][55] The Scalpel, at 190 metres (620 ft) was completed in the City of London in 2018 and it was designed to protect views of St Paul's Cathedral.[56] Newfoundland Quay, at 220 metres (720 ft) and Landmark Pinnacle at 233 metres (764 ft) topped out in Canary Wharf in 2018 and 2019 respectively.[57][58] One Park Drive at 205 metres (673 ft) and South Quay Plaza at 215 metres (705 ft) both also topped out at Canary Wharf in 2019.[59][60][61] 22 Bishopsgate, at 278 metres (912 ft) topped out in the City of London in 2019,[62] after being approved by the current Mayor of London, Sadiq Khan, in 2016.[2]

1 Undershaft, at 290 metres (950 ft), also approved by Sadiq Khan in 2016,[2] is planned to form the centrepiece of the City of London's skyscraper cluster. It is the tallest skyscraper currently proposed for London and will only be exceeded in height by The Shard.[63] It will be built on the site of the aforementioned 1969 St Helen's building which will be demolished.[64] 100 Leadenhall, at 249 metres (817 ft), and already nicknamed the "Cheesegrater 2", is also planned for the City of London.[65] Spire London, at 235 metres (771 ft) is planned for Canary Wharf.[66] However, construction was halted after concerns that the building only had one escape stairwell for residents on the upper floors.[56] The tallest of the two Riverside South towers that have been planned for construction at Canary Wharf since 2008 would have exceeded that cluster's tallest building, One Canada Square, by 1 metre in height, but construction has been stalled since 2011.[67][68] Construction has started on the 216 metres (709 ft) tall Consort Place (previously called Alpha Square) also at Canary Wharf.[69]

There is another major skyscraper cluster emerging in the Vauxhall and Nine Elms districts of London.[70][71] The first skyscraper to appear here was St George Wharf Tower at 181 metres (594 ft) and which was completed in 2014.[72] The tallest tower planned for this cluster is the 200 metres (660 ft) One Nine Elms City Tower.[73]

In 2019, Sadiq Khan blocked the construction of the 290 metre tall Tulip that would have been built in the City of London.[74] After an appeal was launched by the developers against Khan's decision, UK housing secretary Michael Gove rejected the proposal in November 2021.[75][76]

Skylines
The City of London skyline as viewed from St Paul's Cathedral, October 2022. The tallest building shown here is 22 Bishopsgate at 278m, which topped out in 2019. Since its construction the famous "Gherkin" building is no longer visible from this angle. There are currently four towers in this cluster that are above 200m tall with three more approved to be constructed, 1 Undershaft at 290m tall, 55 Bishopsgate at 269m tall, and 100 Leadenhall at 249m tall, by 2026. Also shown in the far distance on the left is the emerging cluster in Stratford
The City of London skyline as viewed from St Paul's Cathedral, October 2022. The tallest building shown here is 22 Bishopsgate at 278m, which topped out in 2019. Since its construction The Gherkin is no longer visible from this angle. There are currently four towers in this cluster that are above 200m tall with three more approved to be constructed, 1 Undershaft at 290m tall, 55 Bishopsgate at 269m tall, and 100 Leadenhall at 249m tall, by 2026. Also shown in the far distance on the left is the emerging cluster in Stratford
The "northern cluster" of the City of London. Some of the smaller skyscrapers shown here include: the Barbican Estate, Finsbury Tower, The Heron, Citypoint, One Crown Place, The Stage, Principal Tower and the Broadgate Tower. Also shown in the distance on the far left are 250 City Road and Lexicon Tower in the London Borough of Islington. Also approved for this cluster is the 154m tall 2–3 Finsbury Avenue and the 156m tall 13–14 Appold Street
The "northern cluster" of the City of London. Some of the smaller skyscrapers shown here include: the Barbican Estate, Finsbury Tower, The Heron, Citypoint, One Crown Place The Stage, Principal Tower and the Broadgate Tower. Also shown in the distance on the far left are 250 City Road and Lexicon Tower in the London Borough of Islington. Also approved for this cluster is the 154m tall 2–3 Finsbury Avenue and the 156m tall 13–14 Appold Street
The Canary Wharf and Isle of Dogs business district as viewed from Blythe Hill Fields, London Borough of Lewisham, May 2021. The tallest building in this cluster is One Canada Square with the pyramid-shaped roof which was completed in 1991 and stands at 235m. There are seven towers in this cluster that are at least 200m tall with more planned and under construction. However, due to the proximity of London City Airport it is unlikely that any will exceed the height of One Canada Square
The Canary Wharf and Isle of Dogs business district as viewed from Blythe Hill Fields, London Borough of Lewisham, May 2021. The tallest building in this cluster is One Canada Square with the pyramid-shaped roof which was completed in 1991 and stands at 235m. There are seven towers in this cluster that are at least 200m tall with more planned and under construction. However, due to the proximity of London City Airport it is unlikely that any will exceed the height of One Canada Square
The Shard, completed in 2012 at London Bridge, is London's tallest building at 309.6m. Shown here in December 2019 with Guy's Hospital to the right
The Shard, completed in 2012 at London Bridge, is London's tallest building at 309.6m. Shown here in December 2019 with Guy's Hospital to the right
The emerging South Bank cluster as viewed from St Paul's Cathedral, October 2022. The two tallest towers here are One Blackfriars which was completed in 2018 at 163m and the South Bank Tower that was originally constructed in 1972 at 111m but was given an 11 storey height increase in 2017 to bring it up to 150m. There are several more towers planned for this cluster ranging from between 100m and 178.5m tall. There is also an emerging cluster at Elephant and Castle shown on the far left which includes notably, Strata SE1 and another emerging cluster in the distance on the right at Vauxhall/Nine Elms
The emerging South Bank cluster as viewed from St Paul's Cathedral, October 2022. The two tallest towers here are One Blackfriars which was completed in 2018 at 163m and the South Bank Tower that was originally constructed in 1972 at 111m but was given an 11 storey height increase in 2017 to bring it up to 150m. There are several more towers planned for this cluster ranging from between 100m and 178.5m tall. There is also an emerging cluster at Elephant and Castle shown on the far left which includes notably, Strata SE1 and another emerging cluster in the distance on the right at Vauxhall/Nine Elms
The emerging cluster at Vauxhall and Nine Elms, February 2023. There are currently five towers in this cluster that are between 160m and 200m tall: One Nine Elms City Tower (200m), St George Wharf Tower (181m), One Thames City No. 8 (177m), Aykon London One (168m) and and One Nine Elms River Tower (161m). Within five years there will be seven towers in this cluster with heights between 160m and 200m
The emerging cluster at Vauxhall and Nine Elms, February 2023. There are currently five towers in this cluster that are between 160m and 200m tall: One Nine Elms City Tower (200m), St George Wharf Tower (181m), One Thames City No. 8 (177m), Aykon London One (168m) and One Nine Elms River Tower (161m). Within five years there will be seven towers in this cluster with heights between 160m and 200m
Looking towards the West End from St Paul's Cathedral, October 2022. Shown here from left to right are the London Hilton, completed in 1963, Centre Point, completed in 1966, the BT Tower, completed in 1964 and Euston Tower, completed in 1970. These are all considered among the first "skyscrapers" in London. Also seen in the far distance is the 184m tall One West Point Tower 1 in North Acton which was completed in 2022 and where there will be an emerging cluster in the years to come
Looking towards the West End from St Paul's Cathedral, October 2022. Shown here from left to right are the London Hilton, completed in 1963, Centre Point, completed in 1966, the BT Tower, completed in 1964 and Euston Tower, completed in 1970. These are all considered among the first "skyscrapers" in London. Also seen in the far distance is the 184m tall One West Point Tower 1 in North Acton which was completed in 2022 and where there will be an emerging cluster in the years to come
The emerging cluster in Croydon town centre which includes Saffron Square (134m), Queen's Quarter building 1 (114m) and 101 George Street (135.6m). Under construction is College Road Tower (150m) and the 228m tall One Landsdowne Road has also been approved for construction
The emerging cluster in Croydon town centre which includes Saffron Square (134m), Queen's Quarter building 1 (114m) and 101 George Street (135.6m). Under construction is College Road Tower (150m) and the 228m tall One Landsdowne Road has also been approved for construction.[77]
The emerging cluster in Lewisham also known as Lewisham Gateway, and first Borough of Sanctuary, which includes Lewisham Exchange (105m) and under construction is the 209 Connington Road Tower which will be 117m tall. All of the high-rises shown in this picture are residential with the exception of the grey building shown in the immediate right foreground which was formerly the London offices of Citigroup until they relocated to 25 Canada Square at Canary Wharf in 2001
The emerging cluster in Lewisham also known as Lewisham Gateway, and first Borough of Sanctuary,[78] which includes Lewisham Exchange (105m) and under construction is the 209 Connington Road Tower which will be 117m tall. All of the high-rises shown in this picture are residential with the exception of the grey building shown in the immediate right foreground which was formerly the London offices of Citigroup until they relocated to 25 Canada Square at Canary Wharf in 2001
The emerging cluster in Stratford in April 2023 as viewed from Greenwich Peninsula. Stratford has been undergoing regeneration, associated with the 2012 Summer Olympics, which largely took place in Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park to the west of the cluster. Seen on the left is 150 High Street at a height of 135m. The tallest building in the cluster, Manhattan Loft Gardens at 143m, is seen at the back.
The emerging cluster in Stratford in April 2023 as viewed from Greenwich Peninsula. Stratford has been undergoing regeneration, associated with the 2012 Summer Olympics, which largely took place in Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park to the west of the cluster. Seen on the left is 150 High Street at a height of 135m. The tallest building in the cluster, Manhattan Loft Gardens at 143m, is seen at the back.

Tallest buildings and structures

This list ranks externally complete London skyscrapers and free-standing towers that stand at least 100 m (327 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. An equals sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed.

Rank Name Image Height
m / ft		 Floors Year Primary
use		 Location Notes
1The Shard310 / 1,01601.0872012MixedSouthwarkTallest building in the UK.[79]
222 Bishopsgate278 / 91202.0622019OfficeCity of LondonTallest building in the City of London.
3One Canada Square235 / 77102.0501991OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsTallest building in the Canary Wharf business district.
4Landmark Pinnacle 233 / 764752020ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[80][81]
5Heron Tower230 / 75604.0462011OfficeCity of LondonOnly 202 m (663 ft) at roof height, but includes a 28 m (92 ft) mast.
6122 Leadenhall Street225 / 73704.0462014OfficeCity of LondonNicknamed "The Cheesegrater".[82]
7Newfoundland220 / 72204.0602019ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs
8Crystal Palace
Transmitter		219 / 72035.0N/A1950TransmitterCrystal PalaceTallest structure in London completed in the 1950s.[83]
9South Quay Plaza 1215 / 705682020ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[84] Approved in November 2014.[85][86][87]
10One Park Drive205 / 673572021ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[88] Wood Wharf A1 building. Application in December 2013 and approved in July 2015.[89]
118 Bishopsgate204 / 669512022OfficeCity of London[90] 168 m (551 ft), 40-storey design approved in July 2015.[91] New proposal increases height to 204 m (669 ft) and 51-storeys.[92] Approved in 2017.[93] Construction commenced in March 2019.[94] Topped out in September 2022.[95]
12=8 Canada Square200 / 65605.0422002OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsAlso known as the HSBC Tower.[96][97]
12=25 Canada Square200 / 65604.0422002OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsAlso known as the Citigroup Tower.[98][99]
12=One Nine Elms City Tower200 / 656582022ResidentialVauxhall / Nine ElmsTopped out.[100][101]
15The Scalpel190 / 630392018OfficeCity of London[102][103]
16Wardian London
(East Tower)		187 / 614552019ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsApplication in January 2013,[104] approved in November 2014.[85]
17One West Point Tower 1184 / 60404.0602022ResidentialNorth ActonPart of the Portal West development.[105]
18Tower 42183 / 60007.0471980OfficeCity of LondonTallest structure in London completed in the 1980s. Formerly known as the NatWest Tower.[106][107]
19The Madison182 / 597532019ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsPreviously Meridian Gate. Approved in 2015.[108]
20St George Wharf Tower181 / 59401.0492013ResidentialVauxhall / Nine ElmsThe crown of the building includes a small wind turbine which helps to generate power for the building.[109][110]
21The Gherkin180 / 59009.0402003OfficeCity of LondonFormerly known as the Swiss Re Building. Nicknamed "The Gherkin".[111][112]
22=BT Tower177 / 58116.0341964Transmitter and OfficeBorough
of Camden		Tallest building in London completed in the 1960s.[113][114]
22=One Thames City No. 8177 / 581532022ResidentialVauxhall / Nine ElmsPlanning application in 2014.[115] Topped out in 2020.[116]
24100 Bishopsgate172 / 563402019OfficeCity of London [117]
25=Wardian London
(West Tower)		168 / 552502019ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsApproved in November 2014.[85]
25=DAMAC Tower168 / 552502020ResidentialVauxhall / Nine ElmsTopped out in 2020.
27One Blackfriars166 / 546502018MixedSouth BankNicknamed "The Boomerang".[118]
28Broadgate Tower164 / 53914.0352008OfficeCity of London[119][120]
29=Principal Tower161 / 528512018ResidentialShoreditch[121][122]
29=One Nine Elms River Tower161 / 528432022ResidentialVauxhall / Nine ElmsTopped out.[100][123]
3120 Fenchurch Street160 / 52514.0372014OfficeCity of LondonNicknamed "The Walkie-Talkie".
32One Churchill Place156 / 51322.0322004OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[124][125]
33Carrara Tower
(250 City Road)		155 / 508422018ResidentialIslingtonCity Forum site.[126]
3440 Leadenhall Street154 / 505342022OfficeCity of London[127][128] Approved in 2015.[129]
35=25 Bank Street153 / 50219.0332003OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[130][131]
35=40 Bank Street153 / 50220.0332003OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[132][133]
37Croydon Transmitter152 / 49936.0N/A1964TransmitterCroydon[134][135]
3810 Upper Bank Street151 / 49523.0322003OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[136][137]
39=South Bank Tower150 / 492452015ResidentialSouth BankOriginally built in 1972 and named King's Reach Tower.[138][139] Height increase from 108 m (354 ft) to 150.4 m (493 ft), completed in May 2016.[140][141] Architect for original building was Richard Seifert who also designed Tower 42 (NatWest Tower) which accounts for the two buildings' similar designs.[142]
39=10 Park Drive
(Wood Wharf A3)		150 / 492432019ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[143]
41=College Road Tower A149 / 489492022ResidentialCroydonTopped out in November 2022. Europe's tallest modular building.[144][145]
41=Baltimore Tower149 / 489462016ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[146][147][148][149]
41=Highpoint149 / 489462017ResidentialElephant & Castle[150][151][152]
44=Pan Peninsula
East Tower		147 / 48402.0482008ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[153][154]
44=One Bank Street147 / 482282019OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsFormerly known as Heron Quays West. Application submitted in December 2013.[155]
44=Strata147 / 484432010ResidentialElephant & Castle[156][157][158] The tallest residential building in London at the time of its completion.[50]
47Maine Tower (Harbour Central Block D)144 / 472422018ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[159][160] Topped out in 2020.
48=Manhattan Loft Gardens143 / 469422018ResidentialStratford[161]
48=Guy's Tower143 / 46917.0341974HospitalSouthwarkSecond tallest all-hospital building in the world. Tallest structure in London completed in the 1970s.[162][163]
5024 Marsh Wall
East Tower		140 / 458442010ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs
51Imperial West
Residential Building		139 / 456352019ResidentialWhite City[164][165] Located at 88 Wood Lane, W12 0FD.
52250 City Road, Tower 2 137 / 454362019ResidentialIslington
53Charrington Tower136 / 446442016ResidentialBlackwall[166][167][168]
54101 George Street135.6 / 444442019ResidentialCroydonUpon completion was the world's tallest modular building.[169][170]
55=One Bishopsgate Plaza135 / 443442020HotelCity of LondonLocated at 150 Bishopsgate, EC2M 4HX.
55=London Eye135 / 44337.0 N/A1999Ferris wheelSouth BankThe world's tallest Ferris wheel from 1999 to 2006.[171][172]
57=Saffron Square134 / 440442015ResidentialCroydon[173][174]
57=Two Fifty One134 / 440422017ResidentialElephant & Castle[175][176][177] Formerly Eileen House.
59Atlas Building134 / 438402018ResidentialHackney145 City Road. Replaced Crown House.
60=150 High Street,
Stratford		133 / 436422013ResidentialStratford[178]
60=Wembley Stadium133 / 43634.062007StadiumWembleySecond-tallest stadium in the world.[179][180]
6225 Churchill Place130 / 42810.0232014OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[181][182]
63=One West Point Tower 2128 / 42004.0602022ResidentialNorth ActonPart of the Portal West development.[105]
63=40 Marsh Wall128 / 420392017HotelCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[183] Tallest all-hotel building in the United Kingdom.[184]
63=Keybridge Lofts128 / 420372019ResidentialVauxhall / Nine Elms[185] Upon completion was the UK's tallest brick residential tower.[186] Replaced former BT building called Keybridge House.[187] Topped out in 2020.[188]
63=10 George Street (Wood Wharf E2)128 / 420352018ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[189] Application in December 2013, approved in 2014.[190][191][192] Topped out in 2019.[193]
67CityPoint127 / 41711.0361967OfficeCity of London[194][195] Originally built as Britannic House in 1967 at 122 m (400 ft) tall,[29][30] but was refurbished in 2000, increased to 127 m (417 ft) in height and renamed CityPoint.[31]
68Gladwin Tower126 / 411372019ResidentialVauxhall / Nine Elms[196][197][198] Also known as Nine Elms Point. Completed in 2020.[199]
69=Willis Building125 / 41029.0262007OfficeCity of London[200][201]
69=Harbour Central Block C125 / 410362018ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[202][203] Topped out in 2020.
71One Thames City No. 9124.6 / 408.8362022ResidentialVauxhall / Nine ElmsPlanning application in 2014.[115] Topped out in 2020.[204]
72=One The Elephant124 / 406372015ResidentialElephant & Castle[205][206] Formerly St. Mary's. Completed in June 2016.[207]
72=Euston Tower124 / 40812.0361970OfficeEuston[208][209]
74=Cromwell Tower123 / 40408.0421973ResidentialCity of London[210][211]
74=Lauderdale Tower123 / 40406.0431974ResidentialCity of London[212][213]
74=Shakespeare Tower123 / 40405.0431976ResidentialCity of London[214][215]
74=One Crown Place Tower 1123 / 403332020ResidentialShoreditch[216] Topped out in 2020.
78=Pan Peninsula
West Tower		122 / 40010.0392008ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[217][218]
78=1 Casson Square (Southbank Place)122 / 400372018ResidentialSouth Bank[219][220][221] Topped out in 2018.[222]
78=Stratosphere Tower122 / 400392017ResidentialStratford[223][224] Formerly called Broadway Chambers.
78=Chelsea Waterfront West Tower122 / 400372019ResidentialChelsea HarbourCompleted in 2019.[225]
82Sky Gardens Nine Elms120 / 394352017ResidentialVauxhall / Nine Elms[226]
83Millbank Tower119 / 39021.0331963OfficeWestminster[227][228]
84St. Helen's118 / 38728.0281969OfficeCity of LondonFormerly known as the Aviva Tower.[229][230]
85=Centre Point117 / 38515.0351967ResidentialWest End[231][232] Converted from office space to flats in 2015.[233]
85=Empress State Building117 / 38524.0311961OfficeFulhamOriginally stood at a height of 100 m (330 ft) before a height extension in 2003.[234][235]
87Lexicon Tower
(aka Chronicle Tower)		116 / 380362015ResidentialIslington[236][237][238] Located at 261 City Road.[239]
88=The Stage, Shoreditch115 / 377382022ResidentialShoreditchTopped out in 2021.[240][241]
88=Rudolf Place115 / 377372021Office/StudentVauxhall / Nine ElmsTopped out in 2021.[242][243]
88=20 Ropemaker Street115 / 377272023OfficeCity of LondonTopped out in 2022.[244]
88=ArcelorMittal Orbit115 / 37737.022012Viewing
platform		Stratford[245]
92Queen's Quarter Building 1114 / 374352021ResidentialCroydon[246][247][248] Topped out in 2021[249]
93=Insignia Point113 / 371302018ResidentialStratfordEast Village E20, Site N08 Tower 2, completed in 2018.[250][251]
93=Battersea Power Station113 / 37033.0101953IndustrialBattersea[252][253]
95The Heron112 / 367352013ResidentialCity of LondonAlso known as Milton Court.[254][255]
96St Paul's Cathedral111 / 36438.0N/A1710ReligiousCity of LondonTallest place of worship in London. Tallest structure completed in London in the 1700s.[256][257]
97Dollar Bay Tower109 / 358312016ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[258][259]
981 West India Quay108 / 35413.0362004OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[260][261]
99=Shell Centre107 / 35130.0261961OfficeSouth Bank[262][263]
99=One Crown Place Tower 2107 / 351292020ResidentialShoreditch[216] Topped out in 2020.
101College Road Tower B106 / 348342022ResidentialCroydonTopped out in November 2022.[144][145]
102=Finsbury Tower105 / 344282021OfficeFinsbury[264]
102=33 Canada Square105 / 34432.0181999OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[265][266]
102=Sky View Tower105 / 345352016ResidentialStratford[267] Tallest of the Capital Towers development.[268]
102=Chapter Spitalfields105 / 344342009Residential
(student)		City of London[269]
102=Pioneer Point North105 / 344312011ResidentialIlford[270][271]
102=Lewisham Exchange Tower105 / 344332021Residential/StudentLewishamTopped out in 2021.
108=99 Bishopsgate104 / 34031.0261976OfficeCity of London[272][273]
108=Ontario Tower104 / 34025.0292007ResidentialBlackwall[274][275]
110Legacy Tower103 / 338332018ResidentialStratford[276] Completed in late 2018.
111=Upper Riverside Building 5102 / 335312020ResidentialGreenwich Peninsula[277][278] Topped out in 2020.[279]
111=Victoria Tower102 / 33639.0N/A1858GovernmentWestminsterTallest non-religious building in the world upon completion. Tallest structure completed in London in the 1800s. Architectural height 102 m (335 ft), roof height 98.5 m (323 ft).[280][281]
111=Hurlock Heights102 / 336312019ResidentialElephant & CastleTallest building in the Elephant Park Development.[282]
114=Portland House101 / 33126.0291963OfficeWestminster[283][284]
114=London Hilton
on Park Lane		101 / 33126.0281963HotelWest End
114=Skyline,
Woodberry Down		101 / 331312016ResidentialHackney[285]
114=One Angel Court101 / 331242017OfficeCity of London[286] Refurbishment of 97 m (318 ft) building.[287]
118=Stock Exchange Tower100 / 32826.0271970OfficeCity of London[288][289]
118=Urbanest King's Cross100 / 32826.0272013ResidentialBorough
of Camden		[290]
118=Laurel Point100 / 328282018ResidentialStratfordEast Village E20, Site N08 Tower 1, completed in 2018.[291]
118=4 Casson Square (Southbank Place)100 / 327292019ResidentialSouth Bank[292][219][220] Topped out in 2018.[293]

* Indicates still under construction, but has been topped-out

Tallest under construction, approved and proposed

Under construction

This lists buildings that are under construction in London and are planned to rise at least 328 feet (100 m). Under construction buildings that have already been topped out are listed above.

Name Image Height
m / ft		 Floors Year (est.) Primary use Location Notes
Aspen at Consort Place216 / 709642024ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsUnder construction as of October 2019.[69] Previously named Alpha Square[294] Approved April 2016
Harcourt Gardens 192 / 630562024ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[295] Initially rejected 12 May 2016, but granted planning permission in July 2016.
40 Charter Street (Wood Wharf E4) 185.1 / 607512027ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsUpdated application approved in February 2022.[296][297]
Vauxhall Square North 168 / 55050ResidentialVauxhall / Nine Elms[298][299]
Vauxhall Square South 168 / 55050ResidentialVauxhall / Nine Elms[298][299]
1 Leadenhall Street 165.2 / 542372024OfficeCity of London[300] Proposed for the City of London. Application submitted August 2016. Approved January 2017.[301]
Ludgate House B 163 / 53549ResidentialSouth BankPart of the Bankside Yards development.[302][303][304][305][306][307][308]
50-60 Charter Street Tower 1 (Wood Wharf J3) 161 / 528492025ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsUpdated application approved in February 2022.[296][309]
One Thames Quay158 / 518482023ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[310] Also known as 225 Marsh Wall. Building consented height of 158m with the taller proposed scheme of 180m rejected by Tower Hamlets Council in July 2022[311]
Canada Water Building C4 “The Founding” 150 / 49240ResidentialCanada Water[312][313][314]
Millharbour Village G3 142 / 46645ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[315]
2 Trafalgar Way, Tower 1 138 / 451482026ResidentialPoplarPart of a new student accommodation development under construction near Blackwall. [316][317]
The Mall 137 / 44934ResidentialWalthamstow[318]
Chapter London Bridge 133 / 436392025ResidentialSouthwark[319] Construction of a 39 storey student accommodation tower near London Bridge station. Approved in May 2019, with construction commencing in March 2022.[320][321]
Millharbour Village West G2.1 126 / 41337ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[315]
Alta at Consort Place 122 / 40034ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsUnder construction.[322]
Elephant and Castle Town Centre Tower 1121 / 39732ResidentialElephant & CastleTallest tower of Elephant and Castle Town Centre redevelopment. Application approved June 2021.[323][324]
Sampson House B 120 / 39434ResidentialSouth BankPart of the Bankside Yards development.[302][303][304][306][307]
Elephant and Castle Town Centre Tower 3117 / 38435ResidentialElephant & CastleElephant and Castle Town Centre redevelopment. Application approved June 2021.[323][324]
209 Connington Road Tower 117 / 38434ResidentialLewishamTallest building planned for Lewisham Town Centre.[325][326][327]
Millharbour Village West G2.2 113 / 37135ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[315][328]
Twelvetrees Park Tower 1 113 / 37134ResidentialWest Ham[329]
Cassini Tower (White City Living) 112 / 36735ResidentialWhite City[330]
50-60 Charter Street Tower 2 (Wood Wharf J1) 112 / 367342025ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsUpdated application approved in February 2022.[296]
2 Trafalgar Way, Tower 2 110 / 358362026ResidentialPoplarPart of a new student accommodation development under construction near Blackwall. [316][331]
Twelvetrees Park Tower 2 107 / 35132ResidentialWest Ham[329]
Millharbour Village West G4 102 / 33432Canary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[332]

Approved

This lists buildings that are approved for construction in London and are planned to rise at least 328 feet (100 m).

Name Image Height
metres / ft		 Floors Year (est.) Primary Use Location Notes
1 Undershaft 310 / 1016732022–2026 OfficeCity of LondonPlanning application submitted in February 2016.[333] Approved November 2016.[334]
55 Bishopsgate269 / 882*632029OfficeCity of LondonPlanning application approved July 2023.[335]
100 Leadenhall 249 / 817 56 2026 Office City of London Planning application approved in July 2018.[336]
Riverside South Tower 1 237 / 77845OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[337][338] Build to ground level. On hold.
Spire London235 / 77167ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[339] Replaces two proposals on this site – Columbus Tower and Hertsmere Tower.[340] Application 8 October 2015, approved 2016[341] Currently on hold.[342][343]
Ensign House 224 / 735*562026ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsApproved 17 February 2022.[344]
4 Portal Way Tower 1 203 / 66655ResidentialNorth ActonApproved 20 July 2016[345][346]
Riverside South Tower 2 186 / 61037OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[347][348] Built to ground level. On hold.
Vauxhall Cross Tower 1 185 / 606.953ResidentialVauxhall / Nine ElmsApproved in April 2020[349]
Cuba Street 172 / 564522025ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsUpdated application approved after initial concerns by the London Fire Brigade suggesting the single staircase serving the upper floors being inadequate during emergency situations.[350] A second staircase was incorporated into the design and approved by Tower Hamlets council in March 2022.[351]
Morello Tower 171 / 56153ResidentialCroydon[352][353] Cherry Orchard Road
Ten Bank Street 161 / 52831OfficeCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs Heron Quays West 1[354][355] 10 Bank Street. Site preparation.
Wood Wharf B1 160 / 525Canary Wharf / Isle of DogsApplication 19 December 2013. Approved 2014.[190]
13–14 Appold Street 156 / 512452019HotelShoreditch[356] Approved 2015[357]
2–3 Finsbury Avenue Square 156 / 51138OfficeCity of LondonProposed in 2015, slight design changes, resubmitted application in 2016 and approved in December 2021.[358]
Station Road, Ilford. 154/ 505 42 Residential Redbridge Approved in 2019 by Redbridge council.[359][360]
30 Marsh Wall152 / 501472025ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsNew student residential tower. Approved 31 March 2022 [361]
99 City Road 152 / 50135OfficeIslingtonApproved in September 2023 [362]
Vauxhall Cross Tower 2 151 / 495.442ResidentialVauxhall / Nine ElmsApproved in April 2020[349]
New Covent Garden Market N10 151 / 49546ResidentialVauxhall / Nine ElmsAs per planning application of 2014.[115]
7 Brannan Street (Wood Wharf F1) 150 / 492502028ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsOutline application for a new student let tower in the new Wood Wharf development area.
1 Merchant Square 150 / 49242ResidentialPaddington[363] Planned to be the tallest building in the City of Westminster. On hold.
50 Fenchurch Street 150 / 49236OfficeCity of LondonApproved 14 May 2020[364]
Bermondsey Place Building B4 143 / 46944ResidentialSouthwarkFormerly known as Malt Street regeneration.[365] The tower is the tallest of a new cluster of buildings, formed as part of the Old Kent Road regeneration scheme.[366]
Skipton House Tower 1 143 / 46939ResidentialElephant & CastleApproved July 2016[367]
Doon Street Tower 140 / 45943ResidentialSouth Bank[368] On hold.
Stratford Island Tower 1 140 / 45942ResidentialStratford[369][370] Tallest building as part of redevelopment of Stratford Centre. Work expected to begin 2017.
54 Marsh Wall 140 / 45939ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[371] Proposed 2014. New plans submitted and approved January 2017.[372]
Millharbour Village East G1.1 139 / 45645ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[315]
70 Gracechurch Street 138 / 45234OfficeCity of LondonProposal for a new office development. Approved in February 2021. [373]
55 Gracechurch Street 130 / 42630OfficeCity of LondonProposal for a new office development in the City of London. Approved in January 2021. [374]
12–20 Wyvil Road 126 / 413372020ResidentialVauxhall[375][376] Old design Approved.[377] New scheme named Grand South application submitted 2016[378]
Vicarage Field Tower 1 125 / 410*36ResidentialBarking[379] Tallest tower of proposed Vicarage Field development in Barking. Approved 16 January 2017.[380]
4 Portal Way Tower 2 123 / 403.545ResidentialNorth Acton[346]
Elizabeth House 123 / 40329OfficeSouth BankWaterloo
Millharbour Village East G1.3 122 / 40039ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[315][381]
Cherry Park Tower 1 121 / 397*392023ResidentialStratfordTallest building in Cherry Park scheme, Stratford, East London.[382]
Convoys Wharf Tower 1 116 / 38040ResidentialDeptford
South Quay Plaza 2 115 / 37835ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of Dogs[84] Phase one under way.
Ram Quarter Tower 113 / 37136ResidentialWandsworthPart of the second Phase of the ram brewery development, not started yet.
Republic at East India Dock 110 / 36036ResidentialBlackwallProposal for a mixed use development including a new student residental tower. Proposal approved by appeal after initially being rejected. [383][384]
207–209 Shoreditch High Street 107 / 35130HotelShoreditch[385]
Westferry Printworks Tower 1 106 / 34829ResidentialCanary Wharf / Isle of DogsApproved in April 2016 after public inquiry.[386] Demolition of current buildings ongoing.[387]
Skipton House Tower 2 106 / 34825ResidentialElephant & CastleApproved July 2016[367]
West End Gate 105 / 34529ResidentialPaddington[388] Approved April 2016. Height reduced from 134 m. Previously known as West End Green.
115-123 Houndsditch 103 / 33824OfficeCity of LondonProposal for a new office development in the City of London. Approved December 2021.[389][390]
Enderby Place Tower 1 102 / 33429ResidentialGreenwich

* Table entries without text indicate that information regarding a building's expected year of completion has not yet been released.

** Approximate figure.

Proposed

This lists buildings that are proposed for construction in London and are planned to rise at least 328 feet (100 m). Once a planning application has been submitted, a decision by the relevant authority may take two or three years.

Name Height
m / ft		 Floors Year (Proposal) Notes
99 Bishopsgate226 / 741542023Application 23/01122/SCOP. Scoping report proposal for the redevelopment of 99 Bishopsgate including the construction of a new 54 storey office tower in the City of London.[391]
North Quay Tower 1222 / 728672017Application PA/17/01193/A1. New proposal for approved North Quay development in Canary Wharf.
North Quay Tower 2212 / 696612017Application PA/17/01193/A1. New proposal for approved North Quay development in Canary Wharf.
North Quay Tower 3203 / 666472017Application PA/17/01193/A1. New proposal for approved North Quay development in Canary Wharf.
One Park Place199 / 653*602021Application PA/21/02292/A1. New proposal for a 60 storey residential tower in Canary Wharf.[392]
18 Blackfriars Road "Office Building"199 / 653*452023Application 23/AP/1855. New proposal for a 45 storey office tower at Blackfriars. [393][394] This is the third proposal for this development site. Previous proposals included from 2008,[395] and 2016. [396]
One Portal Way Tower 1196 / 643562021Application 21/0181/OUTOPDC. Also known as One Portal Way Building A.[397] New proposal for a mixed use development comprising student residence and a hotel in North Acton.[398]
One Portal Way Tower 2186 / 610512021Application 21/0181/OUTOPDC. Also known as One Portal Way Building C.[399] New proposal for a mixed use development comprising student residence and a hotel in North Acton.[398]
One Portal Way Tower 3182 / 597512021Application 21/0181/OUTOPDC. Also known as One Portal Way Building E.[400] New proposal for a mixed use development comprising student residence and a hotel in North Acton.[398]
Vauxhall Cross Island 175 / 574* 53 2017
One East Point170 / 558*522021Application PA/21/02373/NC. New proposal for a 52 storey residential tower in Canary Wharf on the site of the former Harbour Exchange Sqare.[392][401]
The Goodsyard Tower 1166 / 545462015Decision on planning delayed in April 2016
Project Skylines160 / 525*482017Tallest of the proposed buildings of scheme on the Isle of Dogs. Application PA/17/01597/A1
Stratford Waterfront Tower 1160 / 525*472016[402] Two towers originally proposed at 47 stories. New plans will reduce height of towers. Part of the Olympic Park development.[403]
Stratford Waterfront Tower 2160 / 525*472016[402] Two towers originally proposed at 47 stories. New plans will reduce height of towers. Part of the Olympic Park development.[403]
One Lansdowne Road Tower 1159 / 522472023Application 23/02689/FUL. Proposal for two residential towers in Croydon.[404] Previous application was withdrawn by the developer in 2022.[405]
Borough Triangle Tower 1158 / 518462022Application 22/AP/3149. Proposal for one of four towers with the tallest two over 100m.[406]
18 Blackfriars Road "Stamford Building"155 / 508402023Application 23/AP/1855. New proposal for a 40 storey residential tower at Blackfriars. [407][394] This is the third proposal for this development site. Previous proposals included from 2008,[395] and 2016. [396]
Borough Triangle Tower 2149 / 489422022Application 22/AP/3149. Proposal for one of four towers with the tallest two over 100m.[406]
85 Gracechurch Street138 / 452322022Application 22/01155/FULEIA. Proposal for a 32-storey office tower in the City of London.[408]
82 West India Road136 / 446392016[409] Residential tower.
East Village E20 Tower 1135 / 44336
East Village E20 Tower 2135 / 44336
Mondial House120 / 394*352016[410] 102 George Street, Croydon. Recommended for approval.[411] Replaces original proposal of 40 storeys.
One Peninsula Square120 / 393*362023Application 22/3765/EIA. Proposal for a new 820-room student residential tower in Greenwich Peninsula. [412][413]
One Lansdowne Road Tower 2118 / 388352023Application 23/02689/FUL. Proposal for two residential towers in Croydon.[404] Previous application was withdrawn by the developer in 2022.[414]
Houndsditch Street117 / 384232021Application submitted.[415]
One South Quay116 / 350*352020Application PA/20/02649. Proposal for a mixed used development containing serviced apartments and a hotel.[416]
The Culinary Quarter Tower 1110 / 361*3520162 Portal Way, Acton. Tallest of two towers proposed. Application 165950EIA.[417]
North Quay Tower 4107 / 351302017Application PA/17/01193/A1. New proposal for approved North Quay development in Canary Wharf.
16–19 Hatfields/1-5 Paris Garden110 / 361242017[418]
East Village E20 Tower 4103 / 33829

* Approximate figure.

Cancelled constructions

This lists proposals for the construction of buildings in London that were planned to rise at least 328 feet (100 m), for which planning permission was rejected or which were otherwise withdrawn.

Name Height
m / ft		 Floors* Year' Notes
London Millennium Tower386921996[419]
London Bridge Tower (Old Design)366872000[420]
The Spark Plug (Battersea Eco-tower)300402008[421][422]
The Tulip290 / 951122025Observation tower in the City of London. Approved 2 April 2019; then refused planning permission by Sadiq Khan on 15 July 2019.[423]
Minerva Building246532002
Columbus Tower (London)237652003Proposal replaced by Hertsmere House
Elephant & Castle, Tower 1228552001[424]
One Lansdowne Road Tower 1227 / 744692016[425][426] Approved 2012. Received funding in November 2015.[427] New plans submitted 2016,[428] Application withdrawn November 2022. [429] Site was sold to a new developer in January 2023, and a new mixed-use development proposed in July 2023. [404]
6–8 & 22–24 Bishopsgate Redevelopment (Original Design)216502002[430]
New London Bridge House Redevelopment211502004[431]
Stratford City Tower21050[432]
Citypoint (Santiago Calatrava)203271997[433]
Ropemaker Place Tower200382001[434]
Elephant & Castle, Tower 2182352001[435]
King's Cross Towers 1 & 2180441987[436][437]
Ruskin Square Building159 / 52226[438] Aka Croydon Gateway.
The Blade, Paddington15044[439][440]
Skylines Village Block B1148 / 486452012Application 7 March 2012. Rejected 2013[441]
20 Blackfriars Road tower 1148 / 486432016Residential tower, replaced by 18 Blackfriars Road scheme[442]
Ram Brewery Tower 1, Wandsworth145 / 476422008[443][444] Rejected
The Leaf Block F, Ealing13849[445]
Victoria Interchange Buildings 2 & 713442[446][447]
Croydon Vocational Tower134 / 44029[448]
70–100 City Road Block A131 / 430392008[449]
One Lansdowne Road Tower 2129 / 423392016[425][426] Approved 2012. Received funding in November 2015.[427] New plans submitted 2016,[428] rejected in 2016.[450] Application withdrawn November 2022. [451] Site was sold to a new developer in January 2023, and a new mixed-use development proposed in July 2023. [404]
Clapham Junction Towers 1 & 2127 / 417402008[452][453]
Bishops Place Building 1126 / 414322006[122][454]
31 London Street125 / 410352015[455][456] The 'Paddington Pole'. Height was reduced from 254 m (833 ft). Replaced by a new design.
Chiswick Curve120 / 394322015[457] Rejected January 2017.[458] Application submitted. Replaced two cancelled schemes – Octopus & Gateway Tower.
Meridian Tower, Greenwich118 / 38732Greenwich Peninsula[459]
St. John's Tower, Stratford116 / 38130[460]
1 Crown Place, Hackney114 / 365242009[461] Application withdrawn
Brickfields Tower108 / 355302013Planned for White City.[462] Cancelled after Imperial College purchased site.[463]
Walbrook Square Building 1107 / 351222006[464] Redesigned
20 Blackfriars Road tower 2105 / 344232016Office tower, replaced by 18 Blackfriars Road scheme[442]
Trinity Building 3100 / 328252008[465] Existing building to be refurbished
4–5 South Quay Square100 / 328302006[466] Application withdrawn

Demolished buildings

This lists all demolished buildings in London that stood at least 328 feet (100 m) tall.

Name Image Height
m / ft		 Floors Year built Year demolished Notes
Drapers' Gardens100 / 3283019672007Designed by Richard Seifert, replaced by building 74 metres (243 ft) tall.
Southwark Towers100 / 3282519762009Replaced by The Shard.

Visions of skyscrapers
Name Height
metres		 Floors Year Notes
Mile High Eco Tower15005002007[467][468]
European Trade Centre Tower 15001112019
Citygate Ecotower4851082002[469]
Mallory Clifford Project4701001998[470] Aka Southwark Tower
Green Bird442831990[471]
Wembley Park Tower3531890[472]
Aldegate Tower325851989[473]
Glass Tower304801852[474]
Oakwood Tower300802016[475] Made of wood, designed by PLP Architecture and Cambridge University for the City of London.
Vortex Tower300702004[476]
The Three Spires253642009[477] Three towers, the tallest of which was 253 m (830 ft)
Credit Suisse First Boston Building250501989[478]
Glengall View Place230542006[479][480] Greenwich View Place
European Trade Centre Tower 2230532019
European Trade Centre Tower 3230532019
European Trade Centre Tower 4230532019
European Trade Centre Tower 5230532019
Cricklewood Tower21647[481][482]
80 & 88–104 Bishopsgate Redevelopment21450[483]
Folgate Street (Project Cosmos)50[484]
Skyhouse16850[485][486] Originally 305m
Royal Courts of Justice165*1865[487]
Corporation of London Tower150*1944

* Estimated height.

Timeline of tallest buildings and structures
The White Tower stood as the tallest structure in London from 1098 until 1310.

This lists free-standing structures that have at some point held the title of tallest structure in London.

Name Image Location Years as tallest Height
m / ft		 Floors Reference
White Tower Tower Hill1098–1310 (212 years)01.027 / 9003.0N/A[488]
Old St Paul's Cathedral[A] City of London1310–1666 (356 years)07.0150 / 493[B]08.0N/A[489]
Southwark Cathedral Southwark1666–1677 (11 years)02.050 / 16304.0N/A[490]
Monument to the Great Fire of London City of London1677–1683 (6 years)03.062 / 20205.0N/A[491]
St Mary-le-Bow City of London1683–1710 (27 years)04.072 / 23606.0N/A[492]
St Paul's Cathedral City of London1710–1939 (229 years)05.0111 / 36507.0N/A[257]
Battersea Power Station[C] Battersea1939–1950 (11 years)06.0113 / 37001.010[252]
Crystal Palace transmitting station[D] Crystal Palace Park1950–1991 (41 years)08.0219 / 72009.0N/A[83]
One Canada Square Canary Wharf1991–2012 (21 years)09.0236 / 77102.050[493]
The Shard Southwark2012–present (11 years)310 / 101687[494]

See also

Notes

Footnotes
A.^ This structure was destroyed by the Great Fire of London in 1666, allowing a shorter structure to become the tallest in the city.[495]
B.^ The exact height of the Old St. Paul's Cathedral remains unknown. Heights ranging between 140 metres (460 ft) and 150 metres (490 ft) have all been reported.[495] The spire was destroyed by fire in 1561.
C.^ If counting the tallest habitable floors in buildings, then the record would be held between 1961 and 1962 by the Shell Centre, at 107 metres (351 ft) and having 26 floors; and before it by the Victoria Tower at 98.5 metres (323 ft), completed in 1858 and having 14 floors.[496][497]
D.^ If the Crystal Palace Transmitter is excluded as a "building", then the record was held by the "Post Office Tower" (later The British Telecom Tower) from 1962 to 1980, at a height excluding antenna of 177 metres (581 ft) and containing 34 floors, and from 1980 to 1991 by Tower 42 at 183 metres (600 ft).

Citations
  1. "London – The Skyscraper Centre". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
  2. "Sadiq Khan backs two new City of London skyscrapers". BBC News Online. 13 December 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
  3. Santos, Cory (6 November 2013). "When Lincoln Cathedral was the tallest building in the world". thelincolnite.co.uk. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
  4. Newton, Eric (2011). Lands End to John O'groats with a Bus Pass and a Dog. AuthorHouse. p. 111. ISBN 9781456796761.
  5. Smil, Vaclav (2019). Growth: From Microorganisms to Megacities. MIT Press. p. 241. ISBN 9780262042833.
  6. Jepson, Tim; Porges, Larry (2014). National Geographic London Book of Lists: The City's Best, Worst, Oldest, Greatest, and Quirkiest. Simon & Schuster. p. (no page numbers). ISBN 9781426213854.
  7. Berman, Joel (2018). So You Want to Be a Wine Merchant?. Wheatmark Inc. p. 82. ISBN 9781627875875.
  8. Howard, Bradley (2014). The Cycle Touring Diaries - Diary 2: The European Extravaganza. Lulu.com. p. (no page numbers). ISBN 9781291686807.
  9. Ainsworth, William Harrison (1857). Old Saint Paul's. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 376–390.
  10. Long, David (2013). Bizarre London: Discover the Capital's Secrets & Surprises. Hachette UK. p. (no page numbers). ISBN 9781472109330.
  11. Cumming, Ed (22 February 2013). "Building boom: the London developments revamping the skyline". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
  12. Pipe, Vicki (25 September 2015). "Video: The Sightlines Of St Paul's". Londonist. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
  13. Bell, Sarah Jayne (8 December 2015). "Why Are London's Buildings Growing Taller? We Ask A Structural Engineer". Londonist. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
  14. Neale, Ben (13 December 2011). "London Skyscrapers – A Brief History". Find a London Office. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
  15. Sfetcu, Nicolae. London: Business, Travel, Culture – Pocket Edition. p. 46. ISBN 9781312860223.
  16. "All about Millbank Tower". atmospherevenues.com. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  17. Society for Industrial Archeology Newsletter. Vol. 34–35. Society for Industrial Archeology. 2005. p. 17. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  18. Clarke, Bob (2005). Four minute warning: Britain's Cold War. Tempus. p. 205. ISBN 9780752433943.
  19. Time Out London Guide. London: Penguin Books. 1995. p. 61. ISBN 9780140248739.
  20. Binder, Georges (2006). "Introduction". Tall Buildings of Europe, Middle East & Africa. Images Publishing. p. 8. ISBN 9781876907815.
  21. "The Empress State Building". designbookmag.com. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  22. Meel, Juriaan van (2000). The European Office: Office Design and National Context. p. 31. ISBN 9789064503825.
  23. Wiggins, Kaye (4 September 2013). "Squire's Shell Centre revamp called in". architectsjournal.co.uk. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  24. Binder, Georges (2006). "Introduction". Tall Buildings of Europe, Middle East & Africa. Images Publishing. p. 9. ISBN 9781876907815.
  25. "50 Years and counting: Hilton Park Lane celebrates its first half century!". hospitalityandcateringnews.com. 8 April 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  26. Waite, Richard (23 November 2012). "Finally revealed: Chipperfield's plans for Portland House". architectsjournal.co.uk. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  27. Rogers, Dave (18 June 2019). "British Land to refurbish Euston Tower rather than pull it down". building.co.uk. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  28. Stott, Rory (20 January 2015). "Avery Associates Reveals Design for 270-Metre Tower Next to London's Cheesegrater". ArchDaily. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  29. Bamberg, James (2000). British Petroleum and Global Oil 1950–1975: The Challenge of Nationalism. Cambridge University Press. p. xi. ISBN 9780521785150.
  30. "Offices of British Petroleum (BP), Britannic House, London Wall, City of London: the main entrance". architecture.com. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  31. Dent, Peter; Patrick, Michael (2012). Real Estate: Property Markets and Sustainable Behaviour. Routledge. p. 77. ISBN 9780415591430.
  32. Bryant-Mole, Bart (12 July 2016). "AD Classics: The Barbican Estate / Chamberlin, Powell and Bon Architects". archdaily.com. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  33. McCafferty, Jo; Levitt, David (2018). The Housing Design Handbook: A Guide to Good Practic. Routledge. ISBN 9781351338103. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  34. Ash, Russell (1991). Top Ten of Everything 1990. Little, Brown Book Group Limited. ISBN 9780356159836. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  35. Jones, Colin (2013). Office Markets and Public Policy. John Wiley & Sons. p. (no page numbers). ISBN 9781118554333.
  36. Rentoul, John (3 August 2019). "Beyond Brexit, does Boris Johnson's cycling legacy show a PM who could actually achieve something?". The Independent. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  37. Weaver, Matthew (19 February 2008). "Livingstone's towering legacy". TheGuardian.com. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  38. Hatherley, Owen (24 July 2019). "Livingstone's London by Ken Livingstone review – what contribution did he make?". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
  39. Al-Kodmany, K (2018). The Vertical City: A Sustainable Development Model. WIT Press. p. 25. ISBN 9781784662578.
  40. Hamnett, Chris (2004). Unequal City: London in the Global Arena. p. 221. ISBN 9781134371396.
  41. Clark, Greg (2014). The Making of a World City: London 1991 to 2021. John Wiley & Sons. p. 90. ISBN 9781118609729.
  42. Al-Kodmany, K (2018). The Vertical City: A Sustainable Development Model. WIT Press. p. 286. ISBN 9781784662578.
  43. Dijkman, Marinus (2007). Europe Real Estate Yearbook 2007. Real Estate Publishers BV. p. 48. ISBN 9789077997116.
  44. Dijkman, Marinus (2007). Europe Real Estate Yearbook 2007. Real Estate Publishers BV. p. 204. ISBN 9789077997116.
  45. "Winning Design". Emporis Awards. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  46. "Winner 2004". Architecture.com. Winter 2004. Archived from the original on 3 June 2008. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  47. Moore, Rowan (10 April 2016). "Boris Johnson's dire legacy for London". The Guardian. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  48. Dunton, Jim (15 May 2015). "Boris rejects Assembly calls for more scrutiny over tall buildings". Architects' Journal. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  49. Ponsford, Matthew (3 September 2019). "Boris Johnson's complicated design legacy in London". CNN Style. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  50. Jonathan Glancey (18 July 2010). "Spin city: London's Strata tower". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
  51. "23 facts about the Shard". TheGuardian.com. 5 July 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  52. Booth, Robert (13 August 2014). "Inside the Cheesegrater – London's latest skyscraper". TheGuardian.com. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  53. "Out of reach – South Bank Tower retrofit". Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. September 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  54. Hopkirk, Elizabeth (18 July 2017). "Wilkinson Eyre set to bag planning for Blackfriars Bridge tower – again". bdonline.co.uk. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  55. White, Anna (19 November 2016). "One Blackfriars: an exclusive look inside the Vase, London's newest skyscraper". TheGuardian.com. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  56. Kollewe, Julia (5 March 2019). "High times: 76 tall buildings to join London's skyline in 2019". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  57. Derrick, Florence (13 November 2018). "Canary Wharf tops out the UK's tallest residential skyscraper, Newfoundland, available to rent in 2020". Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  58. Champ, Hamish (14 June 2019). "Squire's Landmark Pinnacle tops out". bdonline.co.uk/. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  59. Brooke, Mike (30 July 2019). "London's newest skyscraper tops out at 57 storeys to join Canary Wharf's 'forest of towers'". Docklands & East London Advertiser. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
  60. Lewis, Deborah (7 August 2019). "Canary Wharf Group's most popular development tops out at 215 metres". Property Investor Today. Retrieved 31 January 2020. Most news sources have incorrect height of 215m for One Park Drive
  61. "Berkeley Group tops out its tallest building to date". Prime Resi (Journal of Luxury Property). 13 September 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
  62. Waite, Richard (14 May 2019). "Tallest City tower tops out: PLP's 22 Bishopsgate hits highest point". Architects' Journal. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  63. Daniel, Alex (25 November 2019). "Trellis tower: London's second-tallest skyscraper gets green light after planning battle". City A.M. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  64. Megson, Kim (9 December 2015). "One Undershaft: City of London's tallest skyscraper will offer free public access to capital's skyline". attractionsmanagement.com. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  65. "City of London 'Cheesegrater 2' skyscraper approved". BBC News Online. 10 July 2018. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  66. Burgess, Kaya (12 February 2018). "New skyscrapers built with just one escape stairway". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  67. "Work Resumes On Canary Wharf's Tallest Building". Londonist. 6 May 2011. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  68. "JP Morgan to move into Lehman London headquarters". BBC News Online. 20 December 2010. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  69. "JRL begins foundations work for London Docklands towers". The Construction Index. 17 October 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
  70. "Mace lands £480m towers at Nine Elms Square". theconstructionindex.co.uk/. 11 September 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  71. "Pair of London skyscrapers by Zaha Hadid Architects split opinion". Dezeen. 19 January 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  72. Booth, Robert; Bengtsson, Helena (24 May 2016). "The London skyscraper that is a stark symbol of the housing crisis". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  73. "The Nine Towers Of Nine Elms". Londonist. 21 March 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
  74. "Tulip tower: Mayor rejects plans for London skyscraper". BBC News Online. 16 July 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  75. Carrick, Angharad (30 January 2020). "Tulip Tower could still go ahead as appeal process begins". City A.M. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  76. Hammond, George (11 November 2021). "UK rejects plans to build Tulip tower in the City of London". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  77. "Developer digs in to keep planning consent for £500m tower". Inside Croydon. 19 February 2021. Retrieved 15 February 2022.
  78. "A Borough of Sanctuary". lewisham.gov.uk. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
  79. "The Shard". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
  80. "The Pride". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
  81. New vision for city pride site (4 July 2008). "New vision for city pride site". Wharf. Archived from the original on 21 November 2008. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  82. Armstrong, Ashley (5 November 2014). "Steel bolts break on Cheesegrater skyscraper, reveals British Land". The Daily Telegraph. London.
  83. "Crystal Palace Transmitter". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  84. "South Quay Plaza". skyscrapernews.com. Archived from the original on 7 August 2013. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
  85. Virtue, Rob (15 January 2015). "Skyscrapers approved for the Isle of Dogs meaning 1,644 more homes coming to South Quay". Archived from the original on 27 October 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
  86. Wellman, Paul. "Huge Isle of Dogs towers get under way". estatesgazette.com. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
  87. GmbH, Emporis. "South Quay Plaza Tower 1, London | 1219117 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  88. GmbH, Emporis. "One Park Drive, London | 1247041 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  89. "Herzog & de Meuron's Canary Wharf skyscraper approved". 28 July 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  90. GmbH, Emporis. "6–8 Bishopsgate & 150 Leadenhall Street, London | 1258572 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  91. Bourke, Joanna (31 July 2015). "See designs for the City's new tower". Evening Standard. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  92. Wait, Richard (22 March 2019). "Work starts on WilkinsonEyre's Bishopsgate tower". Architects' Journal. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  93. Morby, Aaron. "Mace tipped for Mitsubishi London skyscraper | Construction Enquirer". constructionenquirer.com. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
  94. "Work starts on WilkinsonEyre's Bishopsgate tower". 22 March 2019.
  95. "8 Bishopsgate - Topped out". Buildington. 27 September 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  96. "8 Canada Square". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 1 January 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  97. "8 Canada Square". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  98. "25 Canada Square". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  99. "25 Canada Square". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  100. Rogers, Dave (11 February 2022). "Multiplex not planning to fully restart One Nine elms job stalled by pay dispute until May". Building. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
  101. "City Tower". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
  102. "52–54 Lime Street". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
  103. "City planners approve 38-storey London 'scalpel'". 15 January 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  104. "Arrowhead Quay Tower 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
  105. "Foundations go in for west London tower blocks". Construction index. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  106. "Tower 42". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  107. "Tower 42". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  108. "Make and LBS get the green light for Meridian Gate tower scheme". Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  109. "St George Wharf Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 1 March 2007. Retrieved 23 August 2008.
  110. "St George Wharf Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  111. "30 St Mary Axe". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  112. "30 St Mary Axe". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  113. "BT Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  114. "BT Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  115. "New Covent Garden Market, Nine Elms Lane, SW8" (PDF). Greater London Authority. p. 5. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
  116. "One Thames City Tower 'topped out' at 53 Storys in Nine Elms". ninelems.com. 17 December 2020. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
  117. "100 Bishopsgate – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
  118. "1 Blackfriars Road". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
  119. "Broadgate Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  120. "Broadgate Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  121. "Principal Place". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
  122. "Bishops Place Building 3". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  123. "River Tower". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 11 June 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
  124. "One Churchill Place". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  125. "One Churchill Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  126. "Johnson approves 995-home Islington scheme". Retrieved 15 July 2015.
  127. "40 Leadenhall Street – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com.
  128. WILSON, ROBYN (21 October 2015). "Henderson 40 Leadenhall Street Gotham City 1 Mace wins £400m 40 Leadenhall 'Gotham City' project". Construction News.
  129. "£400m London 'Gotham City' scheme approved". Construction Enquirer. 25 February 2014.
  130. "25 Bank Street". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  131. "25 Bank Street". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  132. "40 Bank Street". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 23 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  133. "40 Bank Street". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  134. "Croydon Transmitter". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  135. "Croydon TV Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
  136. "10 Upper Bank Street". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  137. "10 Upper Bank Street". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  138. "King's Reach Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  139. "Kings Reach Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  140. "South Bank Tower reaches the top". Mace. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  141. Withers, Iain. "Mace's South Bank Tower completes". Building. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
  142. "Kings Reach Tower". skyscrapernews.com. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  143. "10 Park Drive (A3)". Archived from the original on 8 November 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  144. O'Conner, Tara. "Final piece of Croydon's tallest building slotted into place". Your Local Guardian. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  145. GmbH, Emporis. "Croydon College Vocational Tower, London | 1238019 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  146. "Baltimore Wharf Building 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2008.
  147. "Baltimore Wharf Building 1". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 23 August 2008.
  148. "Baltimore Wharf". {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  149. GmbH, Emporis. "Baltimore Tower, London | 188478 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 14 May 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  150. "360-London". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  151. "360-London". skyscrapernews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2010.
  152. "80 Newington Butts – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  153. "Pan Peninsula East Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  154. "Pan Peninsula Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  155. GmbH, Emporis. "One Bank Street, London | 1237708 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
  156. "Strata". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 24 March 2007. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  157. "Strata". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  158. "Strata". The Guardian. 12 August 2010. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  159. GmbH, Emporis. "Maine Tower, London | 1283019 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
  160. Morby, Aaron. "Galliard unveils £550m Canary Wharf resi scheme | Construction Enquirer". constructionenquirer.com. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
  161. "Manhattan Loft Gardens". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
  162. "Guy's Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  163. "Guy's Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  164. "Imperial West Tower – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  165. "Imperial West Residential Building". Archived from the original on 5 July 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
  166. "Providence Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  167. "Quebec Building". {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  168. "SSC London on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
  169. O'Connor, Tara (4 November 2019). "Final piece of the world's tallest modular building has been installed in Croydon". Sutton & Croydon Guardian. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
  170. Lane, Thomas (23 September 2019). "The sky's the limit: See the world's tallest modular tower in Croydon". building.co.uk. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  171. "BA London Eye". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 9 December 2006. Retrieved 5 July 2008.
  172. "London Eye". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  173. "Saffron Square". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  174. "Saffron Square – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  175. "Eileen House". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
  176. "Eileen House". London SE1. Retrieved 19 December 2013.
  177. "Eileen House". Emporis. Archived from the original on 4 July 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  178. "150 High Street Stratford". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  179. "Wembley Stadium". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 13 December 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  180. "Wembley Stadium". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  181. "25 Churchill Place". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
  182. "25 Churchill Place". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 14 October 2010.
  183. "40 Marsh Wall". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
  184. "Veolia powers tallest tower hotel in the UK". Veolia UK. 21 September 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
  185. "Keybridge Lofts". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2017. Retrieved 7 January 2017.
  186. "Living the 'High Life' in London". mansionglobal.com. 18 March 2019. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
  187. Lynch, Russell (23 June 2014). "Eyesore Keybridge House in Vauxhall could become luxury flats in £50m". Evening Standard. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
  188. "Keybridge Lofts". skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  189. "Wood Wharf E1/E2 – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  190. Kollewe, Julia (22 July 2014). "Canary Wharf spreads east with new towers and 3,000 homes planned". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  191. Spurr, Sean (22 January 2016). "Two Towers Gain Permission in Wood Wharf – The Pint of Milk Test". The Pint of Milk Test. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  192. "GRID Architects | THE GRID BUILDING". GRID. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  193. "10 George Street". skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 16 January 2021.
  194. "CityPoint". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 11 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  195. "CityPoint". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  196. "Vauxhall Sainsbury's Tower". oval-news.org. Archived from the original on 7 March 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2011.
  197. "Vauxhall Sainsbury's Tower G". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 29 August 2013. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
  198. "Waterford Point". Emporis. Archived from the original on 4 July 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  199. "Gladwin Tower". Emporis. Archived from the original on 4 August 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  200. "The Willis Building". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 1 January 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  201. "The Willis Building". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  202. "2 Harbour Central Block C". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  203. "Harbour Central-Block C – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
  204. "No. 9 One Thames City". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
  205. "St. Mary's". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 7 August 2013. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
  206. "One The Elephant". LondonSE1. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
  207. GmbH, Emporis. "One The Elephant, London | 1201039 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  208. "Euston Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  209. "Euston Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  210. "Cromwell Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 10 November 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  211. "Cromwell Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  212. "Lauderdale Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 9 November 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  213. "Lauderdale Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  214. "Shakespeare Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 13 December 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  215. "Shakespeare Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  216. Trafford, Bob (9 July 2015). "Plans for two residential towers in Shoreditch get go-ahead". Hackney Citizen. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  217. "Pan Peninsula West Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  218. "Pan Peninsula West Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  219. "Shell Centre". architectsjournal.co.uk. 23 July 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  220. "Challenge to £1.3bn Shell Centre redevelopment refused". BBC News. 11 June 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  221. "One Casson Square". Archived from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
  222. "One & Thirty Casson Square reach 'topping out' at Southbank Place". Property Funds World. 9 October 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  223. "Broadway Chambers". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2010.
  224. "Stratosphere Scheme Underway in London". ctbuh. Archived from the original on 1 June 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  225. "Chelsea Waterfront". buildington.co.uk. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
  226. "Vauxhall Sky Gardens". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
  227. "Millbank Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 27 May 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  228. "Millbank Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  229. "Aviva Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 13 December 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  230. "St. Helen's". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  231. "Centre Point". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 14 December 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  232. "Centre Point". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  233. "Work begins on luxury flat conversion of London landmark Centre Point". theguardian.com. 26 January 2015. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
  234. "Empress State Building". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 9 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  235. "Empress State Building". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  236. "City Road Basin Site C". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 3 January 2007. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  237. "City Road Basin 1". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  238. "City Road Basin". {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  239. "Mount Anvil tops out on record-breaking Lexicon scheme". 13 September 2015. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
  240. "The Stage, Shoreditch". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  241. GmbH, Emporis. "The Stage Shoreditch, London | 1211251 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  242. Spurr, Sean (6 July 2015). "Two New Student Towers Proposed in Vauxhall – The Pint of Milk Test". estatesgazette.com. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  243. "Rudolf Place". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2021.
  244. PBC. "Ropemaker development celebrates topping out with Skanska". PBC Today. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  245. "ArcelorMittal Orbit". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 29 September 2013. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  246. WojciechZdroj (20 January 2017). "100s attend consultation over proposed Taberner House development". Croydon Advertiser. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  247. GmbH, Emporis. "Taberner House Block A, London | 1250017 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  248. Matthews, Tom (18 May 2017). "Croydon planners give go-ahead to 597 homes across the borough". Croydon Advertiser. Archived from the original on 18 May 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  249. O'Connor, Tara (8 June 2021). "4 new towers and an 'amazing' playground are coming soon to Croydon's Queen's Quarter". My London. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
  250. "Insignia Point". Emporis. Archived from the original on 7 June 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
  251. "East Village Site N08 Tower 2 – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  252. "Battersea Power Station". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  253. "Battersea Power Station". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2 March 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  254. "The Heron". theheron.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 July 2008. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  255. "The Heron". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  256. "St. Paul's Cathedral". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 8 December 2006. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  257. "St. Paul's Cathedral". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
  258. "Dollar Bay Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  259. GmbH, Emporis. "Dollar Bay, London | 1198039 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  260. "No.1 West India Quay". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 28 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  261. "No.1 West India Quay". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  262. "Shell Centre". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 13 March 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  263. "Upstream Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  264. "Finsbury Tower Extension – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
  265. "33 Canada Square". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 1 January 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  266. "33 Canada Square". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  267. "2–12 High Street Stratford". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  268. GmbH, Emporis. "Sky View Tower, London | 1216803 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  269. "Nido Spitalfields". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  270. "Pioneer Point North". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 23 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  271. "Pioneer Point, North Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  272. "99 Bishopsgate". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 10 March 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  273. "99 Bishopsgate". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  274. "Ontario Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  275. "Ontario Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  276. GmbH, Emporis. "Stratford Central, London | 1222856 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  277. "Upper Riverside-Building 5 – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  278. Thompson, Henrietta. "Greenwich Peninsula apartments: first look-Telegraph". Telegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on 11 April 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  279. "No. 5 Upper Riverside". Emporis. Archived from the original on 26 May 2020. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  280. "Victoria Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 23 February 2011.
  281. "Houses of Parliament". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  282. "Hurlock Heights". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  283. "Portland House". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  284. "Portland Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  285. "Skyline". Emporis. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
  286. "One Angel Court". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  287. "Angel Court City tower complete". Premier Construction News. 24 February 2017. Retrieved 26 February 2017.
  288. "Stock Exchange Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  289. "Stock Exchange Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  290. "Urbanest King's Cross". Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  291. "Laurel Point". Emporis. Archived from the original on 7 June 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
  292. "Southbank Place-4 Casson Square – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
  293. "4 Casson Square". skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  294. Morby, Aaron. "HK developer resubmits 65-storey Docklands tower". constructionenquirer.com. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  295. Morby, Aaron. "Berkeley Homes plans second London Docklands tower | Construction Enquirer". constructionenquirer.com. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  296. Ing, Will. "GRID architects and Kohn Pedersen Fox (KPF) have been given full planning permission for three towers on the Isle of Dogs, east London". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  297. "40 Charter Street". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  298. "Vauxhall Square Tower 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
  299. "Vauxhall Square". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 16 April 2012. Retrieved 19 December 2012.
  300. Dransfield, Louise. "Latest Square Mile tower could start 2018". Building. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
  301. Waite, Richard (25 January 2017). "City of London backs Make's 36-storey Leadenhall tower". Architects Journal. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
  302. "Planning – Application Summary". Southwark London Borough Council. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  303. "Bankside Yards, London, UK". PLP Architecture. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  304. "Sampson House and Ludgate House". sampsonandludgatehouse.com. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  305. "5 Skyscrapers Coming To The London Skyline Soon". tallbuildingsconference.co.uk. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  306. "Ludgate House". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 6 November 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  307. "Ludgate & Sampson House". building.co.uk. Retrieved 9 October 2013.
  308. Dunton, Jim. "More major towers planned for London's South Bank". Building. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  309. "50 Charter Street Wood Wharf J3". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  310. "225 Marsh Wall – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
  311. Ing, Wu. "Scott Brownrigg changes to Make-designed tower rejected". Architect's Journal. Architect's Journal. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  312. "Canada Water". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
  313. "Canada Water Building C4". se16.com. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  314. GmbH, Emporis. "Canada Water Building C4, London | 1217003 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  315. Morby, Aaron. "£500m Isle of Dogs high-rise resi scheme approved | Construction Enquirer". constructionenquirer.com. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
  316. Prior, Grant. "Midgard to build £250m student towers". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  317. "2 Trafalgar Way". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  318. "The Mall | Build-To-Rent". Tide. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  319. "Chapter London bridge". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
  320. Innes, Lois. "KPF's replacement for Quill skyscraper in London Bridge approved". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
  321. Morby, Aaron. "Mace to start 39-storey London Bridge student tower". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
  322. "Consort Place, West Tower". skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  323. "Elephant and Castle Town Centre Complex – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
  324. Rogers, Dave. "Allies and Morrison's £2bn Elephant & Castle shopping centre plan approved". Building Design. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  325. "Connington Road, Lewisham, SE13". buildington.co.uk. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
  326. "209 Connington Road". skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
  327. "Connington Road Car Park, former Tesco's Car Park". london.gov.uk. 17 December 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
  328. "Millharbour West Building D". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
  329. Morby, Aaron. "Berkeley kicks off £1bn West Ham housing scheme". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  330. "A new landmark for thriving White City in West London". Straitstimes. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
  331. "2 Trafalgar Way". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
  332. "Millharbour Village Complex – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 26 February 2017.
  333. Williams, Richard. "Plans for City of London's tallest building submitted". propertyweek.com. Archived from the original on 26 August 2016. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
  334. Treanor, Jill (28 November 2016). "London's 73-storey Trellis skyscraper gets green light". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  335. Prior, Grant. "Go-ahead for 63-storey Bishopsgate scheme". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  336. "Planning – Application Summary (18/00152/FULEIA)". City of London.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 July 2018. Demolition of the existing buildings and construction of a ground plus 56 storey building (263.4m AOD) for office use (Class B1) [102,043sq.m GEA], retail use (Class A1/A3/A4) [882sq.m GEA] at lower levels, a publicly accessible viewing gallery (Sui Generis) and after hours Restaurant/Bar (Sui Generis) [1,934sq.m GEA] at levels 55 and 56, new and improved Public Realm, ancillary basement cycle parking, servicing area and plant. [Total Scheme Area: 122,091sq.m GEA] ǀ 100, 106 & 107 Leadenhall Street London EC3A 3BP
  337. "Canary Wharf RS1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  338. "Riverside South (South Tower)". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
  339. "Hertsmere Tower". Evening Standard. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
  340. "HOK submits plans for western Europe's tallest flats". BD Online. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  341. Brooke, Mike (29 February 2016). "790ft Hertsmere House approved at Canary Wharf where Columbia Tower failed". eastlondonadvertiser.co.uk. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  342. "Rise of the skyscraper: Why tall buildings must start scaling new heights". Construction News. 19 November 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  343. Nelson, Tim (20 November 2019). "Skyscrapers May Face a Turbulent Future—Here's Why". Architectural Digest. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  344. Morby, Aaron. "56-storey Canary Wharf resi tower approved". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  345. "Acton's Local Web site". actonw3.com. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  346. "4 Portal Way, Acton W3 6RT". ealingmatters.org.uk/. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
  347. "Canary Wharf RS2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2007. Retrieved 23 August 2008.
  348. "Riverside South (North Tower)". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  349. Ing, Will (14 April 2020). "ZHA wins appeal victory for controversial Vauxhall skyscrapers". Architects' Journal. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
  350. Cuffe, Grainne. "Ballymore withdraws planning application for 51-storey tower after LFB raises concerns". Inside Housing. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  351. Ing, Will (31 March 2022). "Morris+Company and EPR win approvals for Canary Wharf skyscrapers". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  352. "Morello Tower". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Archived from the original on 14 February 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
  353. "Cherry Orchard Road Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  354. GmbH, Emporis. "10 Bank Street, London | 1212703 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  355. "Heron Quays West". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  356. GmbH, Emporis. "Appold Street Tower, London | 1265410 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  357. Morby, Aaron. "45-floor London hotel and office tower approved | Construction Enquirer". constructionenquirer.com. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  358. Dave, Rogers. "British Land confirms McAlpine set to start on £500m City tower later this year". Building. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  359. Cruse, Ellena (1 October 2019). "Residents lobby City Hall to stop Bodgers 42-storey tower in Ilford". Ilford Recorder. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 25 October 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  360. Cruse, Ellena (19 July 2019). "Redbridge Council gives decision on 42-storey building on Bodgers site". Ilford Recorder. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  361. "Docklands planners approve modular tower for Marsh Wall cluster". Building. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  362. Lowe, Tom. "KPF's 35-storey Shoreditch tower approved". Building. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  363. "Work Begins On Merchant Square Tower – Article #3504". www.skyscrapernews.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2015.
  364. White, Richard (15 May 2020). "Eric Parry gets go-ahead for contentious City of London tower". Architects Journal.
  365. Ing, Will (17 June 2020). "Southwark approves yet another Old Kent Road tower". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  366. Wilding, Mark. "Southwark approves 44-storey 1,300-home Old Kent Road scheme". Planning Resource. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  367. Sheppard, Owen (14 July 2016). "Approval for 421 flats in 'Toblerone Towers' for Elephant and Castle, but zero 'on-site' affordable housing". southwarknews.co.uk. Southwark News. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  368. "Doon Street Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
  369. "Stratford Centre Complex – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  370. Morton, Sophie (4 February 2016). "Permission granted for Stratford Island development". Newham Recorder. Archived from the original on 4 January 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  371. "54 Marsh Wall – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  372. Wellman, Paul. "EGi – News Article – Marsh Wall tower approved". EGi. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
  373. Rogers, Dave. "KPF's City tower gets green light from planners". Building Design. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  374. Morby, Aaron. "Green light for City of London office tower". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  375. "12–20 Wyvil Road – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  376. GmbH, Emporis. "12–20 Wyvil Road, London | 1237168 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 3 December 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  377. "37-floor London Nine Elms tower approved". Retrieved 15 July 2015.
  378. Fulcher, Merlin (21 September 2016). "Stiff + Trevillion reworks Vauxhall tower scheme". Architects Journal. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  379. Morby, Aaron. "Vast plan to rebuild Barking shopping centre | Construction Enquirer". constructionenquirer.com. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  380. Murphy-Bates, Sebastian (17 January 2017). "Barking shopping centre's redevelopment approved as 1,000 jobs promised". Barking and Dagenham Post. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  381. "Millharbour West Buildings B, C". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
  382. "Cherry Park Building A1". Emporis. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
  383. Ing, Will. "SimpsonHaugh's 'bulky' east London skyscrapers rejected". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  384. Dunton, Jim. "SimpsonHaugh Docklands towers approved at appeal". Building Design. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  385. GmbH, Emporis. "201–207 Shoreditch High Street, London | 1274708 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 11 May 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2016.
  386. Horti, Samuel. "Mayor's office gives £500m West Ferry Printworks development the green light". Property Week. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  387. Ducker, Steve. "Erith moves in to demolish London printworks – KHL Group". khl.com. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  388. Joshi, Amita (21 April 2016). "Paddington skyscraper approved but campaign against it has begun". getwestlondon. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  389. Morby, Aaron. "Plans in for 'green' £320m London city tower". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  390. Morby, Aaron. "Green light for 24-storey London city office tower". Construction Enquirer. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  391. Marrs, Colin. "Multiplex HQ faces demolition under 54-storey City tower plan". Construction News. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  392. "1 Park Place". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
  393. "18 Blackfriars road". skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  394. Waite, Richard. "Foster + Partners submits plans for huge tower scheme at Blackfriars". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  395. "20 Blackfriars Road Residential Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2008.
  396. Hatts, James. "SE1's second tallest tower: 18 Blackfriars Road plans revealed". londonse1. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
  397. "One Portal Way Tower A". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  398. Ing, Will (26 November 2021). "Pilbrow & Partners submits plans for Acton skyscrapers". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  399. "One Portal Way Building C". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  400. "One Portal Way Building E". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  401. "One East Point". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  402. Wainwright, Oliver (3 August 2016). "London's Olympic legacy: a suburb on steroids, a cacophony of luxury stumps". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  403. Richard, Waite (3 March 2017). "Major redesign for Olympicopolis to save St Paul's views". Architects Journal. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
  404. Spocchia, Gino. "HTA Design unveils long-awaited Croydon tower scheme". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  405. Croydon. "Council rejects 'world famous' One Lansdowne plans". Develop Croydon. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  406. Ing, Will (13 October 2022). "Maccreanor Lavington submits plans for south London housing towers". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  407. "18 Blackfriars Road Stamford Building". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  408. Ing, Will (10 August 2022). "Woods Bagot to submit plans for skyscraper by Leadenhall Market". Architect's Journal. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  409. "82 West India Road – The Skyscraper Center". skyscrapercentre.com. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  410. GmbH, Emporis. "102 George Street, London | 1234447 | EMPORIS". emporis.com. Archived from the original on 3 January 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  411. Team, Web. "Make an application". publicaccess.croydon.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
  412. "One Peninsula Square". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  413. Smith, John (5 November 2022). "New student tower proposed next to o2 greenwich". FromTheMurkey. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  414. Croydon. "Council rejects 'world famous' One Lansdowne plans". Develop Croydon. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  415. Thomas-Alexander, Tiya (12 August 2021). "Plans submitted for £320m London skyscraper". Construction News.
  416. "One South Quay". Skyscrapercenter. Retrieved 16 October 2022.
  417. "2 Portal Way". 2portalway-consultation.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  418. "24-storey tower proposed for Hatfields and Paris Garden". london-se1.co.uk. 22 June 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
  419. "Taller Than The Shard: 6 Unbuilt Skyscrapers London Never Got". Londonist. 28 February 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
  420. "London Bridge Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  421. "The Spark Plug". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  422. "Battersea Eco-Tower". WorldArchitectureNews. Archived from the original on 2 November 2010. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  423. "Mayor rejects 'unwelcoming, poorly designed' Tulip". The Architects' Journal. 15 July 2019. Retrieved 15 July 2019.
  424. "Elephant & Castle Main Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  425. "Lansdowne Road Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  426. "One Lansdowne Road". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  427. Watts, Matt. "£500m deal for Croydon skyscraper with Europe's highest bar". standard.co.uk. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
  428. Morby, Aaron. "Chinese builder backs £500m Croydon skyscraper | Construction Enquirer". constructionenquirer.com. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  429. Croydon. "Council rejects 'world famous' One Lansdowne plans". Develop Croydon. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  430. "6–8 Bishopsgate". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 20 January 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  431. "New London Bridge House Redevelopment". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  432. "Stratford City Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  433. "Citypoint". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  434. "Ropemaker Place Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  435. "Elephant & Castle Eco Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 8 November 2005. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  436. "King's Cross Twin Towers 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  437. "King's Cross Twin Towers 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  438. "Ruskin Square Building BO1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  439. "The Blade". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 19 February 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  440. "Merchant Square (Residential Building)". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
  441. de Peyer, Robin. "Skylines Village development rejected by planning committee". Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  442. "20 Blackfriars – Southwark Tower, Building – e-architect". e-architect. 26 March 2009. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  443. "Ram Brewery Tower 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  444. "Ram Brewery Tower 1". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  445. "The Leaf Block F". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  446. "Victoria Interchange Building 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  447. "Victoria Interchange Building 7". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  448. "Croydon Vocational Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  449. "70–100 City Road Block A". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 1 March 2007. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  450. Booth, Samantha (17 June 2016). "Developers' 'shock' after council refuses twin-tower development". croydonadvertiser.co.uk. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  451. Croydon. "Council rejects 'world famous' One Lansdowne plans". Develop Croydon. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  452. "Clapham Junction Tower 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  453. "Clapham Junction Tower 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  454. "Bishops Place Building 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  455. "Our proposal". Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
  456. "Paddington Place: 'Skinny Shard' proposals submitted to Westminster council". Retrieved 18 December 2015.
  457. Sleigh, Sophia (7 January 2016). "Fury over 'monstrous' giant tower to replace the London Octopus". Evening Standard. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
  458. Braidwood, Ella. "Studio Egret West's Chiswick Curve refused planning". Architects Journal. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
  459. "Meridian Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
  460. "St. John's Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  461. "1 Crown Place". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  462. "Brickfields Tower". Archived from the original on 12 June 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
  463. Withers, Iain. "Imperial moots joint venture for major scheme". Building. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  464. "Walbrook Square Building 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 23 February 2007. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  465. "Trinity Building 3". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 12 May 2007. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  466. "4–5 South Quay Square". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
  467. "Mile High Eco Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 4 February 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  468. "Mile High Eco Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  469. "Citygate Ecotower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  470. "Mallory Clifford Project". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  471. "Green Bird". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  472. "Wembley Park Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  473. "Aldegate Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  474. "Glass Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  475. "PLP proposes London's first wooden skyscraper at Barbican". Dezeen. 8 April 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
  476. "Vortex Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  477. "The Three Houses". skyscrapernews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 24 November 2010.
  478. "Credit Suisse First Boston Building". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  479. "Glengall View Place". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  480. "Glengall View Place". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 28 November 2010. Retrieved 17 December 2010.
  481. "Cricklewood Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  482. "Cricklewood Tower". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  483. "80 & 88–104 Bishopsgate Redevelopment". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  484. "Folgate Street (Project Cosmos)". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  485. "Skyhouse". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  486. "Skyhouse". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  487. "Royal Courts of Justice". SkyscraperNews.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  488. "The Tower of London". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  489. "Old St. Paul's Cathedral". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  490. "Southwark Cathedral". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
  491. "The Monument". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
  492. "Church of St. Mary-Le-Bow". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
  493. "Heron Tower". Member from SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
  494. "Shard Overtakes One Canada Square – Article #2711". Skyscrapernews.com. 23 November 2010. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  495. "Old St. Paul's Cathedral". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 1 January 2007. Retrieved 28 June 2008.
  496. House of Commons Information Office;The Palace of Westminster; Factsheet G11; General Series; Revised May 2009: "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2007. Retrieved 22 February 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  497. Jackson-Rowe case study: "Jackson Rowe - Dispute & Claims Solution, Commercial Management Solutions, Quantity Surveying Solutions" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 31 October 2009.

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Buildings in London.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.