Terbium(III) chloride

Terbium(III) chloride (TbCl3) is a chemical compound. In the solid state TbCl3 has the YCl3 layer structure.[2] Terbium(III) chloride frequently forms a hexahydrate.

Terbium(III) chloride
Names
Other names
terbium trichloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ECHA InfoCard 100.030.108
EC Number
  • 233-132-
UNII
  • InChI=1S/3ClH.Tb/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
  • Cl[Tb](Cl)Cl
Properties
TbCl3
Molar mass 265.2834 g/mol
Appearance white powder
Density 4.35 g/cm3, solid
Melting point 558 °C (1,036 °F; 831 K)
Boiling point 180 to 200 °C (356 to 392 °F; 453 to 473 K) (in HCl gas atmosphere)
soluble
Structure
hexagonal (UCl3 type), hP8
P63/m, No. 176
Tricapped trigonal prismatic
(nine-coordinate)
Hazards
GHS labelling:[1]
GHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H315, H319
P302+P352, P305+P351+P338
Related compounds
Other anions
 Terbium(III) oxide
Other cations
 Gadolinium(III) chloride
Dysprosium(III) chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Preparation

The hexahydrate of terbium(III) chloride can be obtained by the reaction of terbium(III) oxide and hydrochloric acid:[3]

Tb2O3 + 6 HCl → 2 TbCl3 + 3 H2O

It can also be obtained by direct reaction of the elements:[4]

2 Tb + 3 Cl2 → 2 TbCl3

Properties

Terbium(III) chloride is a white, hygroscopic powder.[5] It crystallizes in an orthorhombic plutonium(III) bromide crystal structure with space group Cmcm (No. 63).[6][7] It can form a complex Tb(gly)3Cl3·3H2O with glycine.[8]

Applications

Terbium(III) chloride is used in the semiconductor industry.[9] The hexahydrate plays an important role as an activator of green phosphors in color TV tubes and is also used in specialty lasers and as a dopant in solid-state devices.[10]

Hazards

Terbium(III) chloride causes hyperemia of the iris.[11] Conditions/substances to avoid are: heat, acids and acid fumes.

References
  1. GHS: Sigma-Alderich 204560
  2. Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications ISBN 0-19-855370-6
  3. XU Lijuan (许丽娟), LI Yanqiu (李艳秋), LI Xia (李 夏) (2009). "Synthesis, crystal structure and characterization of one-dimension complex constructed by terbium(III) and 2-iodobenzoate". Journal of Rare Earths. 27 (3): 372–375. doi:10.1016/S1002-0721(08)60253-7.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. Webelements: Terbium
  5. Lide, David R.; CRC Press, eds. (2006). CRC handbook of chemistry and physics: a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data (87. ed., 2006-2007 ed.). Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC, Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-8493-0487-3.
  6. Paetzold, Peter (2009-09-10). Chemie: Eine Einführung (in German). Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-021135-1.
  7. Trotter, J. (ed.). Metals. Structure reports A. Dordrecht: Reidel. ISBN 978-90-277-2385-7.
  8. 郑平, 陈文生, 张洪权,等. 量热法测定氯化铽甘氨酸配合物及其配离子的标准生成焓[J]. 湖北大学学报(自科版), 2011, 33(3):270-274.
  9. Americanelements: Terbium Chloride
  10. METALL RARE EARTH LIMITED: Terbium chloride
  11. George C. Y. Chiou (1999). Ophthalmic toxicology (2nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 1-56032-722-7.
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