Odeon of Herodes Atticus

The Odeon of Herodes Atticus (Greek: Ωδείο Ηρώδου του Αττικού; also called Herodeion or Herodion;[1] Greek: Ηρώδειο) is a stone Roman theatre[2] structure located on the southwest slope of the Acropolis of Athens, Greece. The building was completed in AD 161 and then renovated in 1950.

Odeon of Herodes Atticus or HERODEON
Ωδείο Ηρώδου του Αττικού or Ηρώδειο
Odeon of Herodes Atticus is located in Athens
Odeon of Herodes Atticus
Alternative namesHerod Atticus Odeon / Odeum
General information
TypeOdeon
Architectural styleClassical
AddressDionysiou Areopagitou Street
Town or cityAthens
CountryGreece
Coordinates37.970756°N 23.724444°E / 37.970756; 23.724444
CompletedAD 161
Renovated1950
Height
RoofDestroyed in AD 267
Technical details
Floor count3
Design and construction
Main contractorHerodes Atticus
Other information
Seating typeStone benches
Seating capacity5,000

Ancient times
Historical image of Odeon of Herodes Atticus (ca. 1880)
Herbert von Karajan and the Orchestra of the Athens Conservatory (later to become the Athens State Orchestra) at the Odeon of Herodes Atticus (1939)
The Odeon of Herodes Atticus with the Parthenon in the background

It was built in AD 161 by Herodes Atticus in memory of his Roman wife, Aspasia Annia Regilla. It was originally a steep-sloped theatre with a three-story stone front wall and a wooden roof made of expensive cedar of Lebanon timber. It was used as a venue for music concerts with a capacity of 5,000. It lasted intact until it was destroyed and left in ruins by the Heruli in AD 267.

Modern events

The audience stands and the orchestra (stage) were restored using Pentelic marble in the 1950s. Since then it has been the main venue of the Athens Festival, which runs from May through October each year, featuring a variety of acclaimed Greek as well as International performances.

In 1957, Maria Callas performed at the Odeon as part of the Athens Festival and in the same year Edith Hamilton was pronounced an honorary citizen of Athens at ninety years of age. In May 1962 Frank Sinatra gave two benefit concerts for the city of Athens. The Odeon of Herodes Atticus was the venue for the Miss Universe 1973 pageant. Another memorable performance at the Odeon of Herodes Atticus was given by the Greek singer Nana Mouskouri in 1984; after 20 years of absence she returned to her country. Luciano Pavarotti performed at the Odeon twice, in 1991 and in 2004. Vangelis' Mythodea premiered at Odeon of Herodes Atticus in July 1993 and the venue hosted Yanni's Live at the Acropolis performance in September 1993. Sting performed at the venue during his Mercury Falling Tour on May 17, 1996. In June 2018 he returned for two more concerts.[3] Mario Frangoulis has performed at the historic theatre with Yannis Markopoulos' and directed by Elias Malandris, Orpheus in 1996 and also played the role of Erotokritos in his work based on Vitsentzos Kornaros' Erotokritos. He also performed 'Axion Esti' poem by Odysseus Elytis music by Mikis Theodorakis and conducted by the composer himself in May 1998 to benefit Elpida Foundation for children suffering from cancer. Elton John performed two concerts at the venue during his Medusa tour in 2000. In June 2008, Sylvie Guillem performed Boléro in company with the Tokyo Ballet as part of the Athens Festival. In September 2010, tenor Andrea Bocelli held a concert at the Odeon to raise funds for cancer research. In 2012, Mario Frangoulis performed the leading role in Carl Orff's Carmina Burana at the Herodes Atticus theatre. In 2020 the first art exhibition was held on the site, by Greek artist Dionisis Kavallieratos, entitled 'Disoriented Dance / Misled Planet' organised by NEON Organization and the Athens and Epidaurus Festival.[4]

Other artists who have performed at the Odeon of Herodes Atticus include Plácido Domingo, José Carreras, Montserrat Caballé, Alicia de Larrocha, Roger Woodward the Bolshoi Ballets, Calexico, Maurice Béjart, Joaquín Cortés, Paco de Lucía, Diana Ross, Liza Minnelli, Goran Bregovic, Steve Harley (without the usual band, Cockney Rebel, but accompanied by an 80-piece orchestra), Jean Michel Jarre, Ennio Morricone, Jethro Tull, Karolos Koun, Mikis Theodorakis, Manos Hatzidakis, Nikos Koundouros, Patti Smith, Sivert Høyem, Spiros Evangelatos, Fairuz, Yannis Markopoulos, George Dalaras, Dulce Pontes, Haris Alexiou, Marinella, Foo Fighters, Yann Tiersen, Dionysis Savopoulos, Leonidas Kavakos, Kathryn Morgan, Dead Can Dance, Florence and the Machine, Kraftwerk and many other important artists and artistic organisations.

See also

References
  1. The Biggest Cultural Event of the Year in Athens and It’s In Our Backyard!, 3/2/2018, "known locally as the Herodion"
  2. One variation of the Roman theater was the odeon, a small, completely roofed theater intended for poetry readings and music performances (for example, the Odeon of Herodes Atticus on the southern slope of the Athenian Acropolis). For more see: PhD. Christoph Höcker, Architecture, Concise History Series, Laurence King Publishing, 2000, ISBN 1856691594, p. 23.
  3. "Sting at Herodion Atticus".
  4. www.dandelion-burdock.com, dandelion & burdock. "Dionisis Kavallieratos: Disoriented Dance / Misled Planet". thisistomorrow. Retrieved 2021-02-11.
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37.970756°N 23.724444°E / 37.970756; 23.724444

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