Tokyo 18th district

Tokyo 18th District (東京都第18区, Tōkyō-tō dai-jūhachi-ku, or 東京18区 Tōkyō jūhachi-ku) is a constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It is located in Western Tokyo and consists of the cities of Musashino, Koganei and Fuchū. Until 2002, it included Mitaka (now part of Tokyo 22nd district) instead of Fuchū. As of 2016, 436,338 eligible voters were registered in the district.[2]

Tokyo 18th District
東京都第18区
Parliamentary constituency
for the Japanese House of Representatives
Numbered map of Tokyo single-member districts
PrefectureTokyo
Proportional DistrictTokyo
Electorate444,924 (2021)[1]
Current constituency
Created1994
SeatsOne
PartyConstitutional Democratic Party
RepresentativeNaoto Kan
Created fromTokyo's 7th "medium-sized" district
MunicipalitiesMusashino, Koganei and Fuchū

Before the electoral reform of 1994, the area had been part of Tokyo 7th district, where four representatives were elected by Single non-transferable vote (SNTV).

From its creation to 2012, the district was represented by former Prime Minister and popular Democratic Party co-founder Naoto Kan. In the election of 2005 it was the only constituency the opposition could defend in Tokyo against the landslide for Junichiro Koizumi's ruling coalition. In 2003, then party chairman Kan beat former Minister of Labour Kunio Hatoyama, the younger brother of Democratic Party leader Yukio Hatoyama by a margin of more than 50,000 votes.

In the election of 2009, Masatada Tsuchiya was the candidate for the ruling LDP.[3] Tsuchiya who failed to unseat Kan in 2005 was a representative for the Tokyo proportional representation block where he ranked second on the LDP's list 2005.[4] In 2009 he failed to secure reelection in the Tokyo block. Kan was elected president of the then ruling Democratic Party again in 2010 shortly before the 2010 House of Councillors election; but his cabinet resigned after only 15 months. In the 2012 House of Representatives election, Kan lost Tokyo 18th district to Masatada Tsuchiya by more than 10,000 votes; ranking third on the Democratic proportional list in Tokyo (sekihairitsu 87.9%), he gained the last of the three Democratic seats in the Tokyo proportional block behind Banri Kaieda and Jin Matsubara.[5]

Kan joined the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan before the 2017 general election and regained the seat. Tsuchiya lost his seat even with his high sekihairitsu as he did not run for the proportional block. In 2021 Kan was challenged by a former DPJ lawmaker, Akihisa Nagashima, who had joined the LDP. Kan managed to hold his seat in a tight race that received national attention.[6][7]

List of representatives
Representative Party Dates Notes
Naoto Kan DPJ 1996–2012 Re-elected in the Tokyo PR block
Masatada Tsuchiya LDP 2012–2017
Naoto Kan CDP 2017– Incumbent

Election results
2021[8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
CDP Naoto Kan 122,091 47.12 Increase6.39
Liberal Democratic Akihisa Nagashima (elected by PR) 115,881 44.72 Increase4.43
Independent Masami Koyasu 21,151 8.16
Majority 6,210 2.40 Increase1.96
Turnout 59.86 Increase4.03
CDP hold Swing 0.98
2017[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
CDP Naoto Kan 96,713 40.73 Increase1.94
Liberal Democratic Masatada Tsuchiya 95,667 40.29 Decrease5.50
Kibō no Tō Atsushi Tokita 45,081 18.98 N/A
Majority 1,046 0.44 Decrease6.76
Turnout 55.83 Decrease1.60
CDP gain from Liberal Democratic Swing Increase3.72
2014[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Democratic Masatada Tsuchiya 106,143 45.81 Increase13.59
Democratic Naoto Kan (elected by PR) 89,877 38.79 Increase10.46
Communist Ryo Yuuki 35,699 15.41 Increase10.27
Majority 16,266 7.02 Increase3.13
Turnout 57.43 Decrease7.59
Liberal Democratic hold Swing Increase1.57
2012[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Democratic Masatada Tsuchiya 84,078 32.22 Increase0.09
Democratic Naoto Kan (elected by PR) 73,942 28.33 Decrease31.13
Independent Katsuhito Yokokume 44,828 17.18 N/A
Restoration Katsuya Igarashi 28,837 11.05 N/A
Tomorrow Yasuyuki Sugimura 15,873 6.08 N/A
Communist Takayoshi Yanagi 13,419 5.14 Decrease2.50
Majority 10,136 3.89 Decrease23.44
Turnout 65.02 Decrease3.22
Liberal Democratic gain from Democratic Swing Increase15.61
2009[3]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Naoto Kan 163,446 59.46 Increase12.69
Liberal Democratic Masatada Tsuchiya 88,325 32.13 Decrease11.75
Communist Tamiji Koizumi 21,004 7.64 Decrease0.31
Happiness Realization Michie Tanabe 2,087 0.76 Increase0.76
Majority 75,121 27.33 Increase24.44
Turnout 274,862 68.24 Increase0.20
Democratic hold Swing Increase12.22
In 2005, the ruling coalition of LDP (red) and Kōmeitō (green) swept Tokyo's single-member districts. The opposition DPJ (blue) was reduced to one district, down from 12 in 2003.
2005[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Naoto Kan 126,716 46.77
Liberal Democratic Masatada Tsuchiya (elected by PR) 118,879 43.88
Communist Tōru Miyamoto 21,542 7.95
Turnout 270,949 68.04
2003[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Naoto Kan 139,195 57.36
Liberal Democratic Kunio Hatoyama (elected by PR) 83,337 34.34
Communist Motonari Kobayama 16,010 6.60
Turnout 242,652 62.38
2000[14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Naoto Kan 114,750
Liberal Democratic Hisanori Kataoka[15] 49,740
Communist Sadahiko Toda[16] 21,900
Liberal Takashi Kanamori[17] 16,467
Liberal League Yū Kaneko[18] 1,521
1996[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Naoto Kan 116,910
New Frontier Takashi Kanamori 24,245
Liberal Democratic Chikara Ōkubo[20] 23,566
Communist Sadahiko Toda 22,488

References
  1. "東京18区". go2senkyo. initial.inc. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
  2. Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC): 平成28年9月2日現在選挙人名簿及び在外選挙人名簿登録者数 (in Japanese)
  3. 衆議院 >第45回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). JANJAN. Archived from the original on 2009-04-28. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
  4. 衆議院 >第44回衆議院議員選挙 >東京>自民. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). JANJAN. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
  5. 【比例代表】 東京（定数17）. Yomiuri Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 2013-03-14.
  6. "Ex-PM Naoto Kan beats former subordinate in Japan general election". Mainichi Japan. 1 November 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
  7. "Affluent Tokyo Suburb Shows Why Japan's Opposition Can't Keep Up". Bloomberg. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
  8. 開票速報 小選挙区：東京 - 2021衆議 (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
  9. 小選挙区開票速報：東京（定数25）. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-11-27.
  10. 小選挙区：東京 - 開票速報 - 2014総選挙: 朝日新聞デジタル. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-07.
  11. 第46回総選挙>小選挙区開票速報：東京都. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-07.
  12. 衆議院 >第44回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). JANJAN. Archived from the original on 2009-07-05. Retrieved 2009-06-09. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
  13. 衆議院 >第43回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). JANJAN. Archived from the original on 2019-02-03. Retrieved 2009-06-09. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
  14. 衆議院 >第42回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). JANJAN. Archived from the original on 2010-07-11. Retrieved 2009-06-09. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
  15. 片岡 久議
  16. 戸田定彦
  17. 金森隆
  18. 金子遊
  19. 衆議院 >第41回衆議院議員選挙 >東京都 >東京18区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). JANJAN. Archived from the original on 2009-08-17. Retrieved 2009-06-09. {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
  20. 大久保力

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