Tse (Cyrillic)

Tse ц; italics: Ц ц), also known as Ce, is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

Cyrillic letter Tse
Phonetic usage:[ts]
Numeric value:900
The Cyrillic script
Slavic letters
АА́А̀А̂А̄ӒБВ
ГҐДЂЃЕЕ́Ѐ
Е̄Е̂ЁЄЄ́ЖЗЗ́
ЅИІІ́ЇЇ́И́
ЍИ̂ӢЙЈКЛЉ
МНЊОО́О̀О̂Ō
ӦПРСС́ТЋЌ
УУ́У̀У̂ӮЎӰФ
ХЦЧЏШЩЪ
Ъ̀ЫЫ́ЬѢЭЭ́Ю
Ю́Ю̀ЯЯ́Я̀
Non-Slavic letters
ӐА̊А̃Ӓ̄ӔӘӘ́Ә̃
ӚВ̌ԜГ̑Г̇Г̣Г̌Г̂
Г̆Г̈ҔҒӺҒ̌Ӷ
Д́Д̌Д̈Д̣Д̆ӖЕ̃
Ё̄Є̈ҖӜӁЖ̣ҘӞ
З̌З̣З̆ԐԐ̈ӠИ̃Ӥ
ҊҚӃҠҞҜК̣Ԛ
Л́ӅԮԒЛ̈Ӎ
Н́ӉҢԨӇҤО̆О̃
Ӧ̄ӨӨ̄Ө́Ө̆ӪԤП̈
Р̌ҎС̌ҪС̣С̱Т́Т̈
Т̌Т̇Т̣ҬУ̃ӲУ̊
Ӱ̄ҰҮҮ́Х̣Х̱Х̮Х̑
Х̌ҲӼӾҺҺ̈ԦЦ̌
Ц̈ҴҶҶ̣ӴӋҸ
Ч̇Ч̣ҼҾШ̈Ш̣Ы̆
Ы̄ӸҌҨЭ̆Э̄Э̇
ӬӬ́Ӭ̄Ю̆Ю̈Ю̈́Ю̄Я̆
Я̄Я̈Я̈́Ӏ
Archaic or unused letters
А̨Б̀Б̣Б̱В̀Г̀Г̧
Г̄Г̓Г̆Ҕ̀Ҕ̆ԀД̓
Д̀Д̨ԂЕ̇Е̨
Ж̀Ж̑Џ̆
Ꚅ̆З̀З̑ԄԆ
ԪІ̂І̣І̨
Ј̵Ј̃К̓К̀К̆Ӄ̆
К̑К̇К̈К̄ԞК̂
Л̀ԠԈЛ̑Л̇Ԕ
М̀М̃Н̀Н̄Н̧Н̃
ԊԢН̡Ѻ
П̓П̀П́П̧
ҦП̑ҀԚ̆Р́Р̀Р̃
ԖС̀С̈ԌҪ̓Т̓Т̀
ԎТ̑Т̧Ꚍ̆
ѸУ̇У̨ꙋ́Ф̑
Ф̓Х́Х̀Х̆Х̇Х̧Х̓
һ̱ѠѼѾЦ̀Ц́
Ц̓Ꚏ̆Ч́
Ч̀Ч̆Ч̑Ч̓Ԭ
Ꚇ̆Ҽ̆Ш̀Ш̆Ш̑Щ̆
Ꚗ̆Ы̂Ы̃Ѣ́Ѣ̈Ѣ̆
Э̨Э̂Ю̂
Я̈Я̂Я̨ԘѤѦѪ
ѨѬѮѰѲѴ
Ѷ
Tse, from the Alphabet Book оf the Red Army Soldier (1921)

It commonly represents the voiceless alveolar affricate /ts/, similar but not identical to the pronunciation of zz in "pizza" or ts in cats.

In the standard Iron dialect of Ossetic, it represents the voiceless alveolar sibilant fricative /s/. In other dialects, including Digoron, it has the same value as in Russian.

Tse in the Bad Script font

In English, Tse is commonly romanized as ts. However, in proper names (personal names, toponyms, etc.) and titles it may also be rendered as c (which signifies the sound in Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Polish, Hungarian etc.), z (which signifies the sound in Italian and German), cz (which was one of the conventions to represent the sound in Medieval Latin) or tz. Its equivalent in the modern Romanian Latin alphabet is ț.

History

Tse is thought to have come from the Hebrew letter Ṣadeצ⟩, via the Glagolitic letter Tsi (Ⱌ ⱌ).[1]

The name of Tse in the Early Cyrillic alphabet is ци (tsi). New Church Slavonic and Russian (archaic name) spelling of the name is цы. In modern Russian, Ukrainian, and Belarusian, the name of the letter is pronounced [tsɛ] and spelled це (sometimes цэ) in Russian, це in Ukrainian, and цэ in Belarusian.[2]

In the Cyrillic numeral system, Tse has a value of 900.

Usage

Russian

It is the 24th (if Yo is included) letter of the Russian alphabet. It is used both in native Slavic words (and corresponds to Proto-Indo-European *k in certain positions) and in borrowed words:

  • as a match for the Latin c in words of Latin origin, such as цирк (circus), центр (centre),
  • for the German z and tz, in words borrowed from German, such as цинк (Zink), плац (Platz),
  • ци may correspond to Latin ti (before vowels), such as сцинтилляция (scintillation).

Unlike most other consonants (but like ж and ш), ц never represents a palatalised consonant in Russian (except occasionally in foreign proper names with ця or цю). Since /i/ after unpalatalised consonants becomes [ɨ], the combinations ци and цы are pronounced identically: [tsɨ]. A notable rule of Russian orthography is that ц is seldom followed by ы, with the following exceptions:

  • the ending -ы of the plural number or the genitive case (птица nominative singular → птицы nominative plural or genitive singular),
  • possessive suffix -ин is spelled -ын after ц and only then: троицын, курицын,
    • the suffix is very popular in Russian last names, but spelling varies and both -цын and -цин are possible, Ельцин is an example,
  • the ending of adjectives -ый (that becomes -ые, -ым, -ыми, -ых in declension) such as куцый or бледнолицый,
  • conjugation of a vulgar verb сцать (сцы, сцым, сцыт, сцыте, сцышь) and its prefixed derivatives,
  • a few other word roots: цыган, цык- (цыкать, цыкнуть), цып- (цыплёнок, цыпки, цыпочки, цып-цып), цыц,
    • pre-1956 lists contain words such as цыбик, цыбуля, цыгарка, цыдулка, цыкля, цымбалы, цымес, цынга, цыновка, цынубель, цырюльня, цытварный, цыфирь, панцырь, etc. (examples taken from Ya. S. Khomutov's spelling dictionary, 1927 but now all those words are spelled with -ци-),
  • Pinyin's ci becomes цы, and qi becomes ци.

Computing codes

Character information
PreviewЦц
Unicode name CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER TSE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TSE
Encodingsdecimalhexdechex
Unicode1062U+04261094U+0446
UTF-8208 166D0 A6209 134D1 86
Numeric character referenceЦЦцц
Named character referenceЦц
KOI8-R and KOI8-U227E3195C3
Code page 855165A5164A4
Code page 86615096230E6
Windows-1251214D6246F6
ISO-8859-5198C6230E6
Macintosh Cyrillic15096246F6
  • The dictionary definition of Ц at Wiktionary
  • The dictionary definition of ц at Wiktionary

References

  1. Zhang, Xiangning; Zhang, Ruolin (July 2018). Evolution of Ancient Alphabet to Modern Greek, Latin and Cyrillic Alphabets and Transcription between Them. Atlantis Press. pp. 156–162. doi:10.2991/essaeme-18.2018.30. ISBN 978-94-6252-549-8.
  2. Kamusella, Tomasz (2019). "The New Polish Cyrillic in Independent Belarus". Colloquia Humanistica (8): 79–112. doi:10.11649/ch.2019.006. ISSN 2081-6774. S2CID 210139937.
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