Ulmus × hollandica 'Dampieri'

The hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus × hollandica 'Dampieri', one of a number of cultivars arising from the crossing of the Wych Elm U. glabra with a variety of Field Elm U. minor, is believed to have originated in continental Europe. It was marketed in Wetteren, Belgium, in 1851 as 'Orme de Dampier',[1] then in the Low Countries in 1853,[2] and later identified as Ulmus campestris var. nuda subvar. fastigiata Dampieri Hort., Vilv. by Wesmael (1862).[3][4]

Ulmus × hollandica 'Dampieri'
'Dampieri', Groningen.
Hybrid parentageU. glabra × U. minor
Cultivar'Dampieri'
OriginEurope

Description

A fastigiate, conical tree with upright branches bearing tough, ovate leaves < 8 cm long, densely clustered on short, glabrous shoots.[5][6]

Pests and diseases

The tree is susceptible to Dutch elm disease.

Etymology

The tree may be named after the explorer and botanist William Dampier (1651–1715) from East Coker, Somerset, though given its European heritage and 19th century introduction, it is more likely that 'Dampier' was a continental nurseryman from that period.

Cultivation

'Dampieri' was commonly planted in towns in continental northern Europe during the latter half of the 19th century.[7] It was marketed as U. montana fastigiata Dampieri by the Späth nursery of Berlin[8][9] and by the Ulrich nursery of Warsaw,[10] and as Ulmus montana pyramidalis Dampieri by the van Houtte nursery of Ghent.[11] The Hesse Nursery of Weener, Germany, supplied it as U. montana 'Dampieri' in the 1930s[12][13] and as U. campestris 'Dampieri' in the 1950s.[14]

Introduced to the US in the 1850s, 'Dampierre's pyramidal elm' was stocked by Hovey's nursery of Boston, Massachusetts, from the 1850s,[15] and by the Mount Hope Nursery (also known as Ellwanger and Barry) of Rochester, New York,[16] later appearing as U. montana Dampieri in the catalogues of the Bobbink and Atkins nursery, Rutherford, New Jersey,[17] and as U. pyramidalis de Dampierre in those of Kelsey's, New York.[18] There is a specimen at the Morton Arboretum. One tree was sent by Späth to the Dominion Arboretum, Ottawa, Canada, in 1896 as U. montana fastigiata (syn. U. montana fastigiata Dampieri),[19] and three to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh in 1902.[20] 'Dampieri' remains in cultivation in Europe.

  • Young Dampier Elm at Morton Arboretum, 2007
    Young Dampier Elm at Morton Arboretum, 2007
  • 'Dampieri' in Kipling Avenue, Woodingdean, Brighton, 2007
    'Dampieri' in Kipling Avenue, Woodingdean, Brighton, 2007

J. F. Wood in The Midland Florist and Suburban Horticulturist (1851) described a round-headed U. Pyramidalis (an early synonym of 'Dampieri') acquired from the Continent, with "broad, dense, distinct foliage" and similar in form to Lombardy Poplar, but "far preferable" for avenue planting.[21] The early date, however, makes an identification with 'Dampieri' doubtful.

Notable trees

Now a rarity in the UK; the TROBI Champion grows at St George's Road, Lambeth, London, measuring 15 m high by 48 cm d.b.h. in 2003.[22]

Synonymy

Forms

A golden form, 'Dampieri Aurea', of much the same shape and size, is also known as Ulmus × hollandica 'Wredei'.[23]

Accessions

North America

Europe

Nurseries

Europe

References
  1. Catalogue des cultures de Ad. Papet eu, pépiniériste, a Wetteren (Automne 1851 et Printemps 1852 ed.). Wetteren. 1851. p. 36. Retrieved 22 October 2018.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  2. Meulemans, M.; Parmentier, C. (1983). Burdekin, D.A. (ed.). "Studies on Ceratocystis ulmi in Belgium" (PDF). Forestry Commission Bulletin (Research on Dutch Elm Disease in Europe). London: HMSO (60): 86–95.
  3. Wesmael, A., Bulletin de la Fédération des sociétés d'horticulture de Belgique 1862 (Ghent 1863), p.389
  4. Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. 24 (6–8): 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  5. Photographs of young 'Dampieri' elm and mature specimens in Hoorn, Holland (Handbuch der Ulmengewächse, ulmen-handbuch.de/handbuch/ulmus/gattung_ulmus.html)
  6. "Bezettingslaan, Groningen". Google Maps. Retrieved 2017-02-14.
  7. Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. 7. p. 1894.
  8. Späth, L. cat. 79, 1890-91 (Berlin 1890), p.114
  9. Katalog (PDF). Vol. 108. Berlin, Germany: L. Späth Baumschulenweg. 1902–1903. pp. 132–133.
  10. Ulrich, C. (1894), Katalog Drzew i Krezewow, C. Ulrich, Rok 1893–94, Warszawa
  11. Cultures de Louis van Houtte: Plantes Vivaces de Pleine Terre, Catalogue de Louis van Houtte, 1881-2, p.303
  12. Hesse, Hermann Albert (1932). Preis- und Sortenliste. pp. 96–97. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  13. Hesse, Hermann Albert (1933). Preis- und Sortenliste. pp. 91–92. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  14. Hesse, Hermann A., Hauptkatalog 1956/57 (Weener, Ems, 1956); p.141-142
  15. Hovey & Co., Boston, Mass., Catalogue of ornamental trees & shrubs, evergreens and climbing plants, 1855, p.5
  16. Ellwanger & Barry, Descriptive Catalogue of Hardy Ornamental Trees ... at the Mount Hope Nurseries (Rochester, N.Y., 1868), p.9
  17. Bobbink and Atkins, Rutherford. N.J. 1902. p. 51.
  18. General catalogue, 1904 : choice hardy trees, shrubs, evergreens, roses, herbaceous plants, fruits, etc. New York: Frederick W. Kelsey. 1904. p. 18.
  19. Saunders, William; Macoun, William Tyrrell (1899). Catalogue of the trees and shrubs in the arboretum and botanic gardens at the central experimental farm (2 ed.). Ottawa. pp. 74–75.
  20. Accessions book. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 1902. pp. 45, 47.
  21. Wood, John Frederick (1852). "Coppiceana". The Midland Florist and Suburban Horticulturist. London. 6: 365.
  22. Johnson, O. (2011). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland, 169. Kew Publishing, Kew, London. ISBN 9781842464526.
  23. White, J. & More, D. (2002). Trees of Britain and northern Europe. Cassell, London.
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