Variation Selectors (Unicode block)

Variation Selectors is the block name of a Unicode code point block containing 16 variation selectors used to specify a glyph variant for a preceding character. They are currently used to specify standardized variation sequences for mathematical symbols, emoji symbols, 'Phags-pa letters, and CJK unified ideographs corresponding to CJK compatibility ideographs. At present only standardized variation sequences with VS1, VS2, VS3, VS15 and VS16 have been defined; VS15 and VS16 are reserved to request that a character should be displayed as text or as an emoji respectively.[3][4]

See also: Variation Selectors Supplement (Unicode block)
Variation Selectors
RangeU+FE00..U+FE0F
(16 code points)
PlaneBMP
ScriptsInherited
Assigned16 code points
Unused0 reserved code points
Unicode version history
3.2 (2002)16 (+16)
Unicode documentation
Code chart ∣ Web page
Note: [1][2]

These combining characters are named variation selector-1 (for U+FE00) through to variation selector-16 (U+FE0F), and are abbreviated VS1 – VS16. Each applies to the immediately preceding character.

As of Unicode 13.0:[5]

Variation Selectors[1]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
 0123456789ABCDEF
U+FE0x  VS 
1		  VS 
2		  VS 
3		  VS 
4		  VS 
5		  VS 
6		  VS 
7		  VS 
8		  VS 
9		  VS 
10		  VS 
11		  VS 
12		  VS 
13		  VS 
14		  VS 
15		  VS 
16
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 15.1

This list is continued in the Variation Selectors Supplement.

See also

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Variation Selectors block:

VersionFinal code points[lower-alpha 1]CountL2 IDWG2 IDDocument
3.2U+FE00..FE0F16L2/97-260Hiura, Hideki; Kobayashi, Tatsuo (1997-12-01), Plane 14 Variant Tag
L2/98-039Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold (1998-02-24), "2.D.4 Variant Tag Mechanism", Preliminary Minutes - UTC #74 & L2 #171, Mountain View, CA - December 5, 1997
L2/98-277Hiura, Hideki; Kobayashi, Tatsuo (1998-07-29), Plane 14 Variant tag
L2/98-281R (pdf, html)Aliprand, Joan (1998-07-31), "III.E.3 Variant Tagging (III.E.3)", Unconfirmed Minutes - UTC #77 & NCITS Subgroup L2 # 174 JOINT MEETING, Redmond, WA -- July 29-31, 1998
L2/00-187Moore, Lisa (2000-08-23), "Variation Selector", UTC minutes -- Boston, August 8-11, 2000
L2/01-268Freytag, Asmus (2001-06-27), Variant selector
L2/01-309Jenkins, John (2001-08-08), Variation selectors and Han
L2/01-324RDavis, Mark (2001-08-17), Variation Selectors [document has incorrect L2 ID number]
L2/01-295RMoore, Lisa (2001-11-06), "88-M5", Minutes from the UTC/L2 meeting #88
L2/02-154N2403Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2002-04-22), "7.12", Draft minutes of WG 2 meeting 41, Hotel Phoenix, Singapore, 2001-10-15/19
L2/17-086Burge, Jeremy; et al. (2017-03-27), Add ZWJ, VS-16, Keycaps & Tags to Emoji_Component
L2/17-103Moore, Lisa (2017-05-18), "E.1.7 Add ZWJ, VS-16, Keycaps & Tags to Emoji_Component", UTC #151 Minutes
  1. Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

References
  1. "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  2. "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  3. "StandardizedVariants.txt". Unicode Consortium. 2015-11-20. Retrieved 2016-08-28.
  4. "Emoji Variation Sequences". Unicode Consortium. 2020-09-18. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
  5. "UCD: Standardized Variation Sequences". Unicode Consortium.
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