Volans

Volans is a constellation in the southern sky. It represents a flying fish; its name is a shortened form of its original name, Piscis Volans.[2] Volans was one of twelve constellations created by Petrus Plancius from the observations of Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman and it first appeared on a 35-cm diameter celestial globe published in 1597 (or 1598) in Amsterdam by Plancius with Jodocus Hondius. The first depiction of this constellation in a celestial atlas was in Johann Bayer's Uranometria of 1603.[2]

For the ship, see USS Volans (AKS-9). For the South African-born composer, see Kevin Volans.
Volans
Constellation
Volans
List of stars in Volans
AbbreviationVol
GenitiveVolantis
Pronunciation/ˈvoʊlænz/,
genitive /vɒˈlæntɪs/
Symbolismthe Flying Fish
Right ascension06h 31m 04.9703s–09h 04m 22.7345s[1]
Declination−64.1070251°–−75.4954681°[1]
QuadrantSQ2
Area141 sq. deg. (76th)
Main stars6
Bayer/Flamsteed
stars		12
Stars with planets2
Stars brighter than 3.00m0
Stars within 10.00 pc (32.62 ly)1
Brightest starγ2 Vol (3.62m)
Messier objects0
Meteor showers0
Bordering
constellations		Carina
Pictor
Dorado
Mensa
Chamaeleon
Visible at latitudes between +15° and −90°.
Best visible at 21:00 (9 p.m.) during the month of March.

History

Volans is one of the 12 constellations that were introduced by the Dutch navigators Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman in the late 16th century. It was first depicted on Petrus Plancius’ globe in 1598. Plancius called the constellation Vliegendenvis (flying fish).[3]

In 1603, Johann Bayer included the constellation in his star atlas Uranometria under the name Piscis Volans, the flying fish.[3] John Herschel proposed shrinking the name to one word in 1844, noting that Lacaille himself had abbreviated his constellations thus on occasion.[4] This was universally adopted.[3]

Volans represents a type of tropical fish that can jump out of the water and glide through the air on wings. In early celestial maps, the flying fish was often depicted as accompanying the ship Argo Navis, and being chased by the predatory fish represented by the adjoining constellation Dorado.[3]

Features
The constellation of Volans, the flying fish, as it can be seen by the naked eye

Stars
See also: List of stars in Volans

There are two double stars within the constellation which can be observed using a small telescope, Gamma Volantis and Epsilon Volantis, along with two galaxies which may be more difficult to see clearly, NGC 2442 and NGC 2434. The magnitudes of the Gamma Volantis stars are 3.8 and 5.6, and of Epsilon Volantis 4.4 and 7.3.[5]

The Astronomical Society of Southern Africa in 2003 reported that observations of the variable stars R and S Volantis in Volans were very urgently needed as data on their light curves was incomplete.[6]

HD 76700 is a sunlike star some 195 light-years distant that has been found to have a planet.

Deep-sky objects

Volans has several deep-sky objects within its borders.

The Lindsay-Shapley ring, also categorized as AM0644-741, is a ring galaxy located 300 million light-years from Earth. Named for its discoverers, the Lindsay-Shapley ring was found near the Large Magellanic Cloud in 1960. Like the Cartwheel Galaxy in Sculptor, the unusual shape of this galaxy results from a collision many millions of years ago. The blue ring, 150,000 light-years in diameter, was formed when a shock wave from the collision created a ring of hot blue stars; the yellow core is an amalgamation of the progenitors' cores.[7] NGC 2442, an intermediate-spiral galaxy, is also located in this constellation, with a distance of 50 million light-years from Earth.

Graham's Object, aka Das Rheingold or Nibelungen Ring is a ring shaped galaxy at R.A. 6h 41.4m / Decl. -74° 19' (2000.0) in Volans [8] [9]

See also

References
  1. IAU, The Constellations, Volans.
  2. Staal 1988, p. 244.
  3. "Star Tales Volans". Ian Ridpath. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
  4. Herschel, John (1844). "Farther Remarks on the Division of Southern Constellations". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 6 (5): 60–62. doi:10.1093/mnras/6.5.60a.
  5. Ridpath & Tirion 2017.
  6. Cooper, Tim (2003). "Presidential address: Amateur Observations – Successes and Opportunities". Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa. 62: 234–240. Bibcode:2003MNSSA..62..234C.
  7. Wilkins & Dunn 2006.
  8. Hugh C. Maddocks: Deep-Sky Name Index 2000.0 (Foxon-Maddocks Associates, 1991)
  9. Sky Catalogue 2000.0, Volume 2: Double Stars, Variable Stars and Nonstellar Objects (edited by Alan Hirshfeld and Roger W. Sinnott, 1985)

Sources
  • "Volans". The Constellations. International Astronomical Union.
  • Ridpath, Ian; Tirion, Wil (2017), Stars and Planets Guide (5th ed.), Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-69-117788-5
  • Staal, Julius D.W. (1988), The New Patterns in the Sky, McDonald and Woodward Publishing Company, ISBN 0-939923-04-1
  • Wilkins, Jamie; Dunn, Robert (2006). 300 Astronomical Objects: A Visual Reference to the Universe. Firefly Books. ISBN 978-1-55407-175-3.
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