Fountain syndrome

Fountain syndrome
Fountain syndrome
Other names	Deafness-skeletal dysplasia-coarse face with full lips syndrome, Deafness-skeletal dysplasia-lip granuloma syndrome
	Fountain syndrome has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.

Fountain syndrome is an autosomal recessive congenital disorder characterized by mental retardation, deafness, skeletal abnormalities and a coarse face with full lips. The abnormal swelling of the cheeks and lips are due to the excessive accumulation of body fluids under the skin. The deafness is due to malformation of the cochlea structure within the inner ear.

Signs and symptoms

Cause

The exact cause of the disorder is unknown, but it is believed to be inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.[1]

Diagnosis

Fountain syndrome is usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood. It can be diagnosed by thorough clinical evaluation, characteristic physical findings, and specialized tests such as audiological tests and scans of the inner ear and brain.[2]

Treatment

Unfortunately, there is not one specific treatment option that can rid a person of this syndrome. However, there are many routes one can take to make living with this disease a lot easier. For example, there are many treatment programs that doctors can specialize for patients and their needs. Meeting with a doctor is very crucial and these specializations can be very useful. Also, one can seek help from pediatricians, EENT doctors, audiologists, and orthopedists. Brace fittings, hearing aids, and physical therapy can also be pushed by one's doctor, so that a patient can live normally. Additionally, anticonvulsant drugs can be used to stop seizures.

References

"Fountain Syndrome". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Retrieved 2019-10-20.
"Fountain Syndrome". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Retrieved 2019-10-20.

Fountain RB (1974). "Familial bone abnormalities, deaf mutism, mental retardation and skin granuloma". Proc R Soc Med. 67 (9): 878–879. PMC 1645940. PMID 4431800.
Fryns JP (1989). "Fountain's syndrome: mental retardation, sensorineural deafness, skeletal abnormalities, and coarse face with full lips". J Med Genet. 26 (11): 722–724. doi:10.1136/jmg.26.11.722. PMC 1015742. PMID 2585470.
Fryns JP, Dereymaeker A, Hoefnagels M, Van den Berghe H (1987). "Mental retardation, deafness, skeletal abnormalities, and coarse face with full lips: confirmation of the Fountain syndrome". Am J Med Genet. 26 (3): 551–555. doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320260307. PMID 3565469.
Dunkle Mary (1996). "Fountain Syndrome". NORD. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
"Fountain syndrome". Ailments.com. 2000. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
"Children's Health:Fountain syndrome". WebMD. 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2012.

External links

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 229120

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[1] "Fountain Syndrome". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Retrieved 2019-10-20.

[2] "Fountain Syndrome". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Retrieved 2019-10-20.

Classification	D ICD-10: Q87.8 OMIM: 229120 MeSH: C537270
External resources	Orphanet: 3219

Congenital abnormality syndromes
Craniofacial	Acrocephalosyndactylia Apert syndrome Carpenter syndrome Pfeiffer syndrome Saethre–Chotzen syndrome Sakati–Nyhan–Tisdale syndrome Bonnet–Dechaume–Blanc syndrome Other Baller–Gerold syndrome Cyclopia Goldenhar syndrome Möbius syndrome
Short stature	1q21.1 deletion syndrome Aarskog–Scott syndrome Cockayne syndrome Cornelia de Lange syndrome Dubowitz syndrome Noonan syndrome Robinow syndrome Silver–Russell syndrome Seckel syndrome Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome Snyder–Robinson syndrome Turner syndrome
Limbs	Adducted thumb syndrome Holt–Oram syndrome Klippel–Trénaunay–Weber syndrome Nail–patella syndrome Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome Gastrulation/mesoderm: Caudal regression syndrome Ectromelia Sirenomelia VACTERL association
Overgrowth syndromes	Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome Proteus syndrome Perlman syndrome Sotos syndrome Weaver syndrome Klippel–Trénaunay–Weber syndrome Benign symmetric lipomatosis Bannayan–Riley–Ruvalcaba syndrome Neurofibromatosis type I
Laurence–Moon–Bardet–Biedl	Bardet–Biedl syndrome Laurence–Moon syndrome
Combined/other, known locus	2 (Feingold syndrome) 3 (Zimmermann–Laband syndrome) 4/13 (Fraser syndrome) 8 (Branchio-oto-renal syndrome, CHARGE syndrome) 12 (Keutel syndrome, Timothy syndrome) 15 (Marfan syndrome) 19 (Donohue syndrome) Multiple Fryns syndrome