Inferior phrenic arteries

The inferior phrenic arteries are two small vessels which supply the diaphragm.[1][2] They present much variety in their origin.[1][2]

Inferior phrenic arteries
The abdominal aorta and its branches
(inferior phrenic arteries labeled at upper right)
Posterior abdominal wall, after removal of the peritoneum, showing kidneys, suprarenal capsules, and great vessels
Details
SourceAbdominal aorta
BranchesSuperior suprarenal artery
VeinInferior phrenic vein
SuppliesThoracic diaphragm
Identifiers
LatinArteriae phrenicae inferiores
TA98A12.2.12.002
TA24206
FMA14734
Anatomical terminology

Structure

Origin

The inferior phrenic arteries usually arise between T12 and L2 vertebrae.[3] They may arise separately from the front of the aorta, immediately above the celiac artery, or by a common trunk, which may spring either from the aorta or from the celiac artery.[1][2] Sometimes one is derived from the aorta, and the other from one of the renal arteries; they rarely arise as separate vessels from the aorta.[1][2]

Branches

They diverge from one another across the crura of the diaphragm, and then run obliquely upward and lateralward upon its under surface.

Function

The inferior phrenic arteries supply the diaphragm.[1][2] Each of the smaller vessels give off superior suprarenal branches to the suprarenal gland of its own side. The spleen and the liver also receive a few twigs from the left and right vessels respectively.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 612 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

  1. Akhilandeswari, B.; Ranganath, Priya (2013-06-01). "Variations in the source of origin of inferior phrenic artery: a cadaveric study". Journal of the Anatomical Society of India. 62 (1): 6–9. doi:10.1016/S0003-2778(13)80004-4. ISSN 0003-2778.
  2. Loukas, Marios; Hullett, Joel; Wagner, Teresa (2005). "Clinical anatomy of the inferior phrenic artery". Clinical Anatomy. 18 (5): 357–365. doi:10.1002/ca.20112. ISSN 1098-2353. PMID 15971218. S2CID 21224204.
  3. Hiwatashi, Akio; Yoshida, Kisaku (September 2003). "The origin of right inferior phrenic artery on multidetector row helical CT". Clinical Imaging. 27 (5): 298–303. doi:10.1016/s0899-7071(02)00553-3. ISSN 0899-7071. PMID 12932678.
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