Lacrimal caruncle

The lacrimal caruncle, or caruncula lacrimalis, is the small, pink, globular nodule at the inner corner (the medial canthus) of the eye.[1] It consists of tissue types of neighbouring eye structures. It may suffer from lesions and allergic inflammation.

Lacrimal caruncle
Front of left eye with eyelids separated. Caruncula visible and labeled at left.
Details
Systemeye
Identifiers
LatinCaruncula lacrimalis
TA98A15.2.07.049
TA26844
FMA77672
Anatomical terminology

Structure

The lacrimal caruncle is found at the medial canthus of the eye.[1] It consists of skin, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, accessory lacrimal tissue and other tissues that are present in the skin and accessory lacrimal glands.[1][2] Its non-keratinized epithelium resembles the conjunctival epithelium.[2]

Clinical significance

Lesions

The lacrimal caruncle may have a lesion.[3] This can have any one of a number of causes, which may be difficult to diagnose.[3] Cancer is a rare cause.[3][4] These lesions include papillomas and oncocytomas.[4]

Allergies

With ocular allergies, the lacrimal caruncle and the plica semilunaris of the conjunctiva may be inflamed and pruritic (itchy) due to histamine release in the tissue and tear film.

References
  1. Okumura, Yuta; Takai, Yoshiko; Yasuda, Shunsuke; Terasaki, Hiroko (2017). "Bilateral lacrimal caruncle lesions". Nagoya Journal of Medical Science. 79 (1): 85–90. doi:10.18999/nagjms.79.1.85. ISSN 0027-7622. PMC 5346624. PMID 28303065.
  2. Miura-Karasawa, Maria; Toshida, Hiroshi; Ohta, Toshihiko; Murakami, Akira (27 April 2018). "Papilloma and sebaceous gland hyperplasia of the lacrimal caruncle: a case report". International Medical Case Reports Journal. 11: 91–95. doi:10.2147/IMCRJ.S162528. PMC 5927183. PMID 29731668.
  3. Santos, Arturo; Gómez-Leal, Alfredo (1994-05-01). "Lesions of the Lacrimal Caruncle: Clinicopathologic Features". Ophthalmology. 101 (5): 943–949. doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(94)31233-4. ISSN 0161-6420.
  4. Kapil, Jyoti P.; Proia, Alan D.; Puri, Puja Kumari (May 2011). "Lesions of the Lacrimal Caruncle With an Emphasis on Oncocytoma". The American Journal of Dermatopathology. 33 (3): 227–235. doi:10.1097/DAD.0b013e3181d9b56d. ISSN 0193-1091.

Additional images
  • Extrinsic eye muscle. Nerves of orbita. Deep dissection
  • Small white lesion on lacrimal caruncle, most likely a cyst
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