List of parasitic organisms

This is an incomplete list of organisms that are true parasites upon other organisms.

Endoparasites

(endo = within; parasites that live inside their hosts)

Plants

  • Rafflesia
  • Cuscuta
  • Mistletoe

Parasitic worms

These can be categorized into three groups; cestodes, nematodes and trematodes. Examples include:

Protozoans

Fungi

  • Gymnosporangium and other rusts
  • Pyrenophora teres
  • Cordyceps

Arthropods

  • Pentastomida

Ectoparasites

(ecto = outside; parasites that live on but not within their hosts, for example, attached to their skin)

Arthropoda

  • Acari
    • Varroa destructor
  • Cymothoa exigua
  • Bed bugs
  • Culicidae (mosquitoes)
  • Calyptra (moth) (vampire moths)
  • Hippoboscoidea
    • Tsetse fly
    • Lipoptena
    • Melophagus ovinus, (sheep keds) and relatives
  • Oestridae (bot flies)
    • Human botfly
    • Cuterebra fontinella (mouse botfly)
  • Phlebotominae (sand flies)
  • Phthiraptera (Lice)
  • Siphonaptera (fleas)
  • Tabanidae (horse flies)
  • Tantulocarida
  • Triatominae
  • Pea crab
  • Sacculina

Annelids

Monogeneans

Monogeneans are flatworms, generally ectoparasites on fish.

  • Calydiscoides euzeti
  • Lethacotyle vera
  • Protocotyle euzetmaillardi
  • Pseudorhabdosynochus spp.

Mollusks

  • Cancellaria cooperii
  • Glochidium
  • Pyramidellidae
  • †Platyceratidae

Chordates

  • Cookiecutter shark
  • Candiru (vampire fish of Brazil, a facultative parasite)
  • Lampreys
  • Male Deep sea anglers
  • False cleanerfish
  • Hood mockingbird
  • Oxpeckers (cleaning symbiosis)
  • Snubnosed eel
  • Vampire bat
  • Vampire finch
  • Cuckoo (brood parasite)
  • Cowbird (brood parasite)

Plants

  • Mistletoe
  • Monotropa uniflora
  • Certain orchids
  • Nuytsia
  • Santalum album

Fungi

  • Corn smut
  • Certain mushrooms
  • Asterotremella albida

References

    See also

    • List of fictional parasites
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