Suberosis

Suberosis is a type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis usually caused by the fungus Penicillium glabrum (formerly called Penicillium frequentans) from exposure to moldy cork dust.[1][2] Chrysonilia sitophilia, Aspergillus fumigatus, uncontaminated cork dust, and Mucor macedo may also have significant roles in the pathogenesis of the disease.[1]

Suberosis
Other namesCorkhandler's disease, corkworker's lung
Cork workers are susceptible to suberosis from breathing in cork dust.
SpecialtyInfectious disease, respirology

Cause

Cork is often harvested from the cork oak (Quercus suber) and stored in slabs in a hot and humid environment until covered in mold.[1] Cork workers may be exposed to organic dusts in this process, leading to this disease.[1]

Diagnosis

Chest radiography, high-resolution chest CT, pulmonary function testing, bronchofibroscopy with BAL and transbronchial biopsy, delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity tests, fungal and suberin antigen testing, immediate hypersensitivity specific skin tests, and specific bronchial challenge tests can all be used for diagnosis.[3][4] Chest radiography can show fine miliary mottling.[5] Obtaining a history of antigen exposure and asking about symptoms (e.g. dyspnea, cough) can also be useful.[3]

Treatment

Avoidance of antigen exposure is beneficial.[3][5]

History

Vinte-e-Um Mendes first reported respiratory disease in Portuguese cork workers in 1947 at the Portuguese Medical Reunion.[1] Cancella d'Abreu first described the disease in 1955.[2]

See also

References
  1. J-F. Cordier (December 2011). European Respiratory Monograph 54: Orphan Lung Diseases. European Respiratory Society. p. 304. ISBN 978-1-84984-014-9. Retrieved 25 March 2012.
  2. Morell, F.; Roger, A.; Cruz, M. J.; Muñoz, X.; Rodrigo, M. J. (2003). "Suberosis: Clinical study and new etiologic agents in a series of eight patients". Chest. 124 (3): 1145–1152. doi:10.1378/chest.124.3.1145. PMID 12970049.
  3. Morell, Ferran; Roger, Àlex; Cruz, María-Jesús; Muñoz, Xavier; Rodrigo, María-José (2003). "Suberosis". Chest. Elsevier BV. 124 (3): 1145–1152. doi:10.1378/chest.124.3.1145. ISSN 0012-3692.
  4. Sharma, O.P. (2012). Clinical Focus Series:: Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis. Clinical Focus. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Pvt. Limited. p. 132. ISBN 978-93-5025-269-7. Retrieved 2022-09-13.
  5. Avila, Ramiro; Villar, T.G. (1968). "SUBEROSIS RESPIRATORY DISEASE IN CORK WORKERS". The Lancet. Elsevier BV. 291 (7543): 620–621. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(68)91239-7. ISSN 0140-6736.

Further reading
  • Cancella de Abreu, LC (1955) On a special kind of pneumoconiosis: the suberosis [in Portuguese]. Med Contemp 73,235-243
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