Chevrolet Impala

The Impala name was first used for the full-sized 1956 General Motors Motorama show car that bore Corvette-like design cues, especially the grille. It was named Impala after the graceful African antelope, which was used as the car's logo. Painted emerald green metallic, with a white interior, the Impala concept car featured hardtop styling. Clare MacKichan's design team, along with designers from Pontiac, started to establish basic packaging and dimensions for their shared 1958 General Motors "A" body in June. The first styling sketch that directly influenced the finished Chevrolet automobile was seen by General Motors Styling Vice President Harley Earl in October. Seven months later the basic design was developed.

First generation
1958 Chevrolet Bel Air Impala Sport Coupe
Overview
Model years	1958
Assembly	(main plant) Flint, Michigan, (Flint Assembly (branch assembly) Oshawa, Ontario (Oshawa Car Assembly) Baltimore, Maryland, (Baltimore Assembly) St. Louis, Missouri, (St. Louis Assembly) South Gate, California, (South Gate Assembly)
Designer	Joseph R. Schemansky[11]
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door hardtop (Sport Coupe) 2-door Convertible
Layout	FR layout
Platform	GM B platform
Related	1958 Chevrolet Delray 1958 Chevrolet Biscayne 1958 Chevrolet Bel Air 1958 Chevrolet Yeoman 1958 Chevrolet Brookwood 1958 Chevrolet Nomad
Powertrain
Engine	235 cu in (3.9 L) Blue Flame I6 283 cu in (4.6 L) Turbo Fire V8 348 cu in (5.7 L) W-series Turbo Thrust V8
Transmission	3-speed manual 3-speed overdrive manual 2-speed Powerglide automatic 3-speed Turboglide automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2985 mm (117.5 in)
Length	5310 mm (209.1 in)[12]
Width	1975 mm (77.7 in)
Height	1450 mm (57 in)[12]

For 1958 GM was promoting their 50th year of production, and introduced anniversary models for each brand; Cadillac, Buick, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, and Chevrolet.[13] The 1958 models shared a common appearance on the top models for each brand; Cadillac Eldorado Seville, Buick Limited Riviera, Oldsmobile Starfire 98, Pontiac Bonneville Catalina, and the Chevrolet Bel-Air Impala.

The Impala was introduced for the 1958 model year as top-of-the-line Bel Air 2-door hardtops and convertibles. From the windshield (A) pillar rearward the 1958 Bel Air Impala differed structurally from the lower-priced Chevrolet models. Hardtops had a slightly shorter greenhouse and longer rear deck. The wheelbase of the Impala was longer than the lower-priced models, although the overall length was identical. Interiors held a two-spoke steering wheel and color-keyed door panels with brushed aluminum trim. No other series included a convertible.

The 1958 Chevrolet models were longer, lower, and wider than their predecessors.[14] The 1958 model year was the first with dual headlamps. The tailfins of the 1957 were replaced by deeply sculptured rear fenders. Impalas had three taillights each side, while lesser models had two and wagons just one. The Impalas included crossed-flag insignias above the side moldings, as well as bright rocker moldings and dummy rear-fender scoops.

The standard perimeter-type frame was abandoned, replaced by a unit with rails laid out in the form of an elongated "X". Chevrolet claimed that the new frame offered increased torsional rigidity[12] and allowed for a lower placement of the passenger compartment. This was a transitional step between traditional construction and the later fully unitized body/chassis; the body structure was also strengthened in the rocker panels and firewall.[15] However, this frame was not as effective in protecting the interior structure in a side-impact crash as a traditional perimeter frame.

A coil spring suspension replaced the previous year's rear leaf springs, and an air ride system was optional.

A 283 cu in (4,640 cc) engine was the standard V8, with ratings of 185 hp (138 kW), 230 hp (170 kW), and 250 hp (190 kW) with optional Rochester Ramjet fuel injection. Two versions of Chevrolet's 348 cu in (5,700 cc) V8, its first big-block, were also optional, producing 250 hp (190 kW) with a single four-barrel carburetor and 280 hp (210 kW) with three two-barrels.[16]

In total, 55,989 Impala convertibles and 125,480 coupes were built representing 15% of Chevrolet production. The 1958 Chevrolet Bel Air Impala helped Chevrolet regain the number-one production spot in this recession year.[9]

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  1958 Chevrolet Bel Air Impala Sport Coupe
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  1958 Chevrolet Bel Air Impala Convertible

Second generation
1959 Chevrolet Impala Convertible
Overview
Production	1958–1960[17]
Model years	1959–1960
Assembly	(main plant) Flint, Michigan, (Flint Assembly (branch assembly) Baltimore, Maryland, (Baltimore Assembly) St. Louis, Missouri, (St. Louis Assembly) South Gate, California, (South Gate Assembly)
Designer	Bill Mitchell
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan 2 door hardtop (Sport Coupe) 4-door hardtop (Sport Sedan) 2-door convertible 5-door Station wagon
Layout	FR layout
Platform	GM B-body
Related	1959–1960 Chevrolet Biscayne 1959–1960 Chevrolet Bel Air 1959–1960 Chevrolet Brookwood 1959–1960 Chevrolet Parkwood 1959–1960 Chevrolet Kingswood 1959–1960 Chevrolet Nomad 1959–1960 Chevrolet El Camino 1959–1960 Pontiac Catalina
Powertrain
Engine	235 cu in (3.9 L) Blue Flame I6 283 cu in (4.6 L) Turbo Fire V8 348 cu in (5.7 L) W-series Turbo Thrust V8
Transmission	3-speed (close-ratio) manual 3-speed overdrive manual 4-speed manual 2-speed Powerglide automatic 3-speed Turboglide automatic

As part of a GM economy move the 1959 Chevrolet Impala was redesigned to share bodyshells with lower-end Buicks Oldsmobiles, and Pontiacs. Using a new X-frame chassis the roof line was 3 inches lower, bodies were 2 inches wider, the wheelbase was 1-1/2 inches longer, and curb weight increased. Flattened tailfins protruded outward, rather than upward. The taillights were a large "teardrop" design at each side, and two slim-wide, nonfunctional front air intake scoops were added just above the grille,

The Impala became a separate series, adding a four-door hardtop and four-door sedan to the two-door Sport Coupe and convertible and a five-door station wagon. Sport Coupes featured a shortened roof line and wrap-over back window. The standard engine was an I6, while the base V8 was the carryover 283 cu in (4.6 L), at 185 hp (138 kW). Optional were a 283 cu in with 290 hp (220 kW) and 348 cu in (5.7 L) V8 up to 335 hp (250 kW). Standard were front and rear armrests, an electric clock, dual sliding sun visors, and crank-operated front vent windows. A contoured hooded instrument panel held deep-set gauges. A six-way power seat was a new option, as was "Speedminder", which allowed the driver to set a needle at a specific speed, which triggered a buzzer when exceeded.

The 1960 Impala models reinstated three round taillights on each side, and a white band running along the rear fenders.

Seven versions of the 283-cu in and 348-cu in V8s were offered: the carbureted Turbo-Fire 283 cu in \could have either 170 or 230 hp (130 or 170 kW). The 348 cu in was available in 250 to 320 hp (190 to 240 kW) with a 350 hp (260 kW) Special Super Turbo-Thrust with triple two-barrel carburetors, 11.25:1 compression ratio, and dual exhausts. Fuel injection was no longer an option on full-size Chevrolets.[14] New to the options list was cruise control. Production was 490,000 units.

• 
  1959 Chevrolet Impala 4-Door Sedan
• 
  1959 Chevrolet 4-Door Sedan
• 
  1959 Chevrolet Impala Sport Coupe
• 
  1960 Chevrolet Impala 4-Door Sedan
• 
  1960 Chevrolet Impala Sport Sedan
• 
  1960 Chevrolet Impala Convertible

1961 Chevrolet Impala SS

1962 Chevrolet Impala SS convertible

1964 Chevrolet Impala SS

In a December 17, 1960 press release Chevrolet Motor Division introduced the Impala SS (Super Sport) option to the market. The SS badge was to become Chevrolet's signature of performance on many models, though it often has been an appearance package only. The Impala's factory SS package in 1961 was truly a performance package when so equipped from the factory with both the trim and "mandatory" suspension and engine upgrades, beginning with the 348 cu in (5.7 L) V8 engines available with 305 hp (227 kW; 309 PS), 340 hp (254 kW; 345 PS), and 350 hp (261 kW; 355 PS) or the new 409 cu in (6.7 L) V8, which in 1961 was rated at 360 hp (268 kW; 365 PS). Unlike all other years, the 1961 Super Sport package was available on any Impala, including sedans and station wagons (the sales brochure shows a 4-door hardtop Sport Sedan with the SS package). The package also included upgraded tires on station wagon wheels, springs, shocks and special sintered metallic brake linings. Only 142 1961 Impala Super Sports came from the factory with the 409. In addition to the factory-installed SS package, Chevrolet dealers could add SS trim to any standard Impala without the "mandatory" performance upgrades, and a number of '61s were so equipped.

Starting for the 1962 model year, the Impala SS was an appearance package limited to hardtop coupe and convertible coupe models, available with all engines in the Impala series starting with the base 235 cu in (3.9 L), 135 hp (101 kW; 137 PS) inline-6 through 1967, though the big-block engines and heavy-duty parts could still be ordered. From 1967 to 1969, an additional model, the SS427, was available.

The Super Sport was known as Regular Production Option (RPO) Z03, from 1962 to 1963, and again in 1968. From 1964 through 1967, the Super Sport was a separate model, with its own VIN prefix (for example in 1965-67 cars, 164 was the prefix for a regular Impala with a V8 engine, 166 or 168 were used in 1966-68 for a V8-equipped Impala SS). Super Sports from 1962 to 1964 came with engine-turned aluminum trim, which was replaced by a "blackout" trim strip in 1965 which ran under the taillights.

While the Super Sport was for the most part an appearance package for the Impala, Chevrolet did see fit to offer a performance version in a special equipment and trim package that today is rare and valuable. This was Regular Production Option Z24, marketed as the SS 427. This package was available on any 1967-69 2-door Impala and it included Chevrolet's 427 cubic inch V8, F41 Sport Suspension, redline tires, and unique SS 427 badges on the body. "SS427" badges were also installed in the interior of the 1968 model only. Approximately 2,000 Z24 cars were built for each model year 1967 and 1968 (slightly more in 1967, less in 1968), and slightly more than 2,400 were built in 1969. The 1969 models were unique in several ways: Disc brakes were standard that year (optional on other years) along with 15 inch wheels, and this was the only year that the cars had the name "Impala" anywhere on the body.

Because "big block muscle" was now focusing on intermediate and even compact size cars, Chevrolet discontinued the Impala Super Sport series after 1969, although the 1970 model was still available with a big block V8 (now displacing 454 cubic inches), bucket seats, a center console with floor shifter.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Category:Chevrolet Impala SS (B-body).

Fourth generation
1965 Chevrolet Impala Sport Coupe
Overview
Production	1964–1970[27]

1965 Chevrolet Impala Super Sport Coupe

Redesigned in 1965, the Impala set an all-time industry annual sales record of more than 1 million units in the United States. All new full-size Chevrolets eschewed the "X" frame for a full-width perimeter frame, a new body that featured curved, frameless side glass (for pillarless models), sharper angled windshield with newly reshaped vent windows, and redesigned full-coil suspension.

1966 Impala SS Convertible

In 1965, Chevrolet introduced a new luxury package for the Impala four-door hardtop, called "Caprice" and coded as RPO Z18. Caprices received tufted upholstery, wood grained accents on the dashboard and specialty pulls on the insides of the doors. This "halo" model also featured the "spinner" wheel covers from the Impala SS, with the "SS" logo centers replaced by a Chevrolet "bowtie" emblem. The Super Sport's blackout rear trim strip below the triple taillights was also used, with the "Impala SS" emblem replaced by a large "Caprice by Chevrolet" badge. The Impala block lettering on each front fender was replaced with "Caprice" script. The Caprice package was reintroduced as the Chevrolet Caprice Custom in 1966, taking the top position in the full-size Chevrolet lineup.

Engine choices included the inline six-cylinder as well as the small-block and big-block V8s. A new three-range Turbo Hydra-Matic automatic transmission was optional for 396 cu in (6.5 L) V8. The old 409 cu in (6.7 L) "W" engine was discontinued early in the 1965 model year, so early-production 1965s got the 409, as well as 1/10 of 1% had the 396 CID big-block. Other later-built cars had the 396 cu in (6.5 L) as the big-block option. Two-speed Powerglide, as well as 3- and 4-speed manual transmissions were available. As with previous years, Impalas featured more chrome trim inside and out, with pleated tufted upholstery and door panels. The Impala would be the #2-selling convertible in the US in 1966, with 38,000 sold; it was beaten by the Mustang by almost 2:1.[28] 1966 saw a pair of enlarged big-block V8s featuring 427 cu in (7.0 L). The RPO L36 was rated at 385 hp (287 kW), the L72 at 425 hp (317 kW). The L72 was only available with a manual transmission.

The 1966 Impala was a mild restyle of the 1965, featuring a new instrument panel, grille, wheel covers (except for SS models), and rectangular taillights that wrapped around to the side of the quarter panels. Standard features now included lap belts front and rear, reverse lamps, day/night rearview mirror, and a padded dashboard.

The 1967 model was redesigned with enhanced Coke bottle styling that featured Corvette-inspired front and rear fender bulges. The curves were the most pronounced with the 1967–1968 models. In keeping with federal regulations, safety features were built into Impalas during the 1967 and 1968 model years, including a fully collapsible energy-absorbing steering column, side marker lights, and shoulder belts for closed models. The L72 engine was not available in 1967, but the L36 Turbo-Jet V8 was optional. GM adopted a new lock system for all models, replacing the previous system that had been in use since 1936 with letter-coded keys that changed each year.

1968 Impala Sport Coupe

The 1968 model was facelifted with a new front end. The new rear bumper housed triple "horseshoe" shaped taillights. 1968 also saw a new Impala model, the Custom Coupe. This two-door hardtop featured the same formal roofline as the Caprice Coupe. It was successful and would be continued through 1976. The L72 "427 Turbo-Jet" engine was once again returned to the option list, a solid-lifter V8 rated at 425 hp (317 kW). It would continue to be available for both 1968 and 1969, replaced by the Turbo-Jet 454 for 1970.

The 1969 Impala and other full-sized Chevrolets got new slab-sided bodies with a small "upsweep" at the rear quarter window, giving them a more formal appearance. It retained the 119-inch wheelbase from previous models. New front bumpers that wrapped around the grille and horizontal taillights were in the rear bumper. The hardtop Sport Coupe got a new notchback roofline, replacing the "fastback" C-pillar from 1967 to 1968. Ventless front windows were used on all models. Chevrolet had a rudimentary "power vent" system featuring vents in the instrument panel. The ignition switch was moved from the instrument panel to the steering column, and when the key was removed, the steering wheel and shift lever were locked.

The 1969 model year Impala production topped Caprice production by 611,000 units. Impala station wagons were renamed Kingswood, a name which would continue through 1972. The similar 1970 Impala got a minor facelift featuring a more conventional under the grille bumper replacing the wrap-around unit used in 1969 along with new triple vertical taillights in the rear bumper. Canadian buyers got the choice of a lower priced companion to the Impala Sport Coupe, the Bel Air Sport Coupe, which used the same body but featured Bel Air trim.

Exports

New Zealand assembled 1966 Chevrolet Impala four-door sedan in right-hand-drive

Right hand drive cars were manufactured in Canada for export to countries such as Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, the United Kingdom, etc., until 1969. They used a version of the 1965 Impala dash panel — without provision for a radio and installed in a dashboard moulding made of fibreglass, not metal — until 1969. Radios (centrally mounted) and heaters were locally sourced and wipers parked in the center of the windscreen.

Australian models were assembled in Australia by General Motors-Holden from kits, as this lessened tax on the cars. The Australian cars had locally sourced amber flashing rear indicators replacing the clear reversing lenses, as red indicators were illegal.

New Zealand models were assembled by General Motors New Zealand with bodies supplied from Canada already welded, painted and trimmed.

Fifth generation
1974 Impala Sport Sedan
Overview
Production	1970–1976[29]

The Impala remained Chevrolet's top-selling model with the fifth generation. A high-performance big block V8 was still available in the form of the Turbo-Jet 454, which produced 365 hp (272 kW) in 1971, but power decreased as the years went along. The 1971 redesigned B-body would be the largest car ever offered by Chevrolet. The hardtop Sport Coupe continued to be offered; it was a smoothly sloped semi-fastback reminiscent of the 1961 "bubbletop" styling. A three-speed manual transmission remained standard at the beginning of the year, but in the spring of 1971 all V8-equipped full-size GM cars got Turbo Hydra-Matic as standard equipment. Powerglide remained optionally available for six-cylinder cars until the 1973 models. In keeping with their huge size, these new "B" body Chevrolets were close to Cadillac in luxury features, styling, and ride. Like all GM "B" bodied cars, Impala got a new power ventilation system that remained on while the ignition was on, and included both large vents in the instrument panel and louvers in the trunk. However, the system proved to be problematic and was disliked by many buyers. Power assisted front disc brakes were standard for all models for 1971; variable-ratio power steering became standard in 1972

1972 Chevrolet Impala 4-door hardtop (Sport Sedan)

The 1972 model has a grille which extended below the bumper. Powertrains consisted of mostly V8 engines. The 250 inline six was still standard for Sport Coupe and 4-door sedan models; the 350 2bbl V8 became the standard engine from 1973 to 1976, with 350 cubic inches (5.7 L), 400 cubic inches (6.6 L), 402 cubic inches (6.6 L) (through 72) or 454 cubic inches (7.4 L) optional. The best-selling body style was the formal-roof Custom Coupe. Beginning in 1972, all engines were designed to run on unleaded gasoline. 1972 saw the last Impala convertible; it sold 6,456 units, placing fourth with just under 9 percent of the market, right behind the Corvette's 6,508 units sold, ahead of the Mustang's 6,401 units sold.[30] The power ventilation system was improved, and exit vents were moved from the trunk lid to the door pillars.

All 1973 Chevrolet vehicles featured a larger, shock-absorbing front bumper due to new federal mandates which required 5-mile-per-hour (8.0 km/h) impact protection. New taillights were mounted in the (still) conventional rear bumper. The convertible was moved upmarket to the Caprice Classic series. Tweaks to the suspension and frame gave better roadability, according to Chevrolet general manager John Z. DeLorean. Steering wheels and instrument panels were color-keyed to interior colors, as opposed to the matte black used in 1971–1972. The steering wheel rim got a soft-feel grip, and replaced the "Impala" badge with generic "Chevrolet". The inline six-cylinder engine was now offered on the Bel Air 4-door sedan only, and only with the 3-speed manual transmission. Interiors had repositioned front seats for more legroom. The Impala name returned for the Kingswood station wagon. Suspension and chassis design was modified for better roadability. The bench front seat position was modified to fit tall drivers more comfortably; shorter drivers found it less so.

One thousand 1973 Impalas were built with an "Air Cushion Restraint System" (ACRS) that used an Oldmobile instrument panel and unique steering wheel that contained both a driver and front passenger air bag. They were all four-door sedans painted in a special green-gold color. The system was not advertised in a big way and many of the cars were used for crash testing by both GM and the Federal government. Over the decades the system proved durable and successfully protected front passengers in front-end collisions. Chevrolet did not offer ACRS in 1974; however it was offered in Oldsmobile, Buick, and Cadillac models that year as an option and did save lives. One ACRS-equipped Impala was preserved and remains a witness to the ability of an American automaker to design life saving safety systems into cars without a government mandate. No other examples are known as of this time.

In 1974, the rear bumper was redesigned with shock absorbers to meet the upgraded standards and new tail lights were added. The front end was also freshened as in previous years, with a new grille and headlight bezels, a new header panel, and a bumper with a drop down center section. The marker lights moved back up beside the headlamps once again. This was the only year of the 1971–1976 models the Impala had a different front end design than the Caprice Classic, as other years used either a grille insert or previous year Caprice front to distinguish the two. The rooflines of the Impala coupes were also revised. For 1974 the Custom Coupe was no longer a hardtop, with large fixed rear quarter glass and a thick B-pillar. The Sport Coupe, still a pillar-less hardtop, now used larger roll-down quarter glass like that of the 1971–1973 Custom Coupe, and had a narrower, fastback style, flat back window. Sedans used carryover body shells from previous years. In an unusual styling move, the optional Impala wheel covers for 1974 were the same as the 1970 Impalas.

1975 Impala wagon

1976 Impala 4-door sedan

A limited-edition Spirit of America package was offered in 1974 on Sport Coupe models; primarily an appearance package, it featured white or blue body paint, a white full vinyl top, white upholstery with red or blue trim, color-keyed seat belts and floormats, special wheel covers, optional white rally wheels, sports-styled dual remote outside rear view mirrors, a vinyl body side molding insert, and red pin-striping. Special fender and dashboard badges announced the package to passers-by and passengers. Chevrolet also offered Nova and Vega Spirit of America versions as well.

The 1975 Impala used a 1974 carried-over Caprice front end, with a grille insert and emblem change. The Caprice model was revised with a new front end with a swept back style header panel with recessed headlight buckets, a new hood, and new fenders. Also in 1975 upholstery, door panels and the dashboard were revised as were the radio and climate control graphics. Speedometers read up to 100 mph (160 km/h), and added kilometers per hour. A High Energy Ignition (HEI) system was officially introduced in 1975, although it was installed on some 1974 cars as a clandestine option. Catalytic converters were also introduced, as were several new options, including an Econominder gauge package (which also included a coolant temperature gauge), intermittent wipers, and a divided 50/50 bench seat with passenger-side recliner (with a choice of sport cloth or vinyl trim). This was the final year of the full-size Chevrolet convertible. Four-door models got new rooflines; the hardtop Sport Sedan got a small triangular "opera window" carved out of the wide roof panel.

A Landau model available for 1975–1976 models featured a landau vinyl roof (with a chrome band across the roof), a choice of special paint colors, sports-styled dual remote outside rearview mirrors, color-keyed wheel covers, a vinyl bodyside molding insert, and pin-striping. Inside were color-keyed seat belts and floormats. Fender and dashboard emblems rounded out the package. The 2-door hardtop model (dubbed the "Sport Coupe") was discontinued after 1975, leaving redesigned Custom Coupe, with its wide "B" pillar and fixed rear window, the only 2-door Impala available in 1976. This body style had been introduced for the 1974 model year, a precursor to Detroit's complete abandonment of pillarless body styles before the end of the Seventies. 1976 Impalas used a previous year Caprice nose, with a new "egg crate" grille insert. The Impala had round headlamps while the Caprice used the new quad rectangular ones. For fleet buyers, Chevrolet offered a lower priced Impala "S" model that deleted some of the standard model's luxury features, such as radial tires, sound insulation and trunk light. The "S" was available in both a 4-door sedan and station wagon, and effectively replaced the Bel Air for the U.S. market (the Bel Air continued in production in Canada until 1981).

Sixth generation
1980 Chevrolet Impala Sedan
Overview
Production	1976–1985
Model years	1977–1985
Assembly	United States: Arlington, Texas, (Arlington Assembly) Detroit, Michigan, (Detroit Assembly) Janesville, Wisconsin, (Janesville Assembly) Canada: Oshawa, Ontario, (Oshawa Car Assembly) Venezuela: Caracas[31]
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door coupe 4-door sedan 4-door station wagon
Layout	FR layout
Platform	B-body
Related	Chevrolet Caprice Pontiac Parisienne
Powertrain
Engine	229 cu in (3.8 L) V6 V6 231 cu in (3.8 L) V6 250 cu in (4.1 L) L6 I6 267 cu in (4.4 L) small-block V8 305 cu in (5.0 L) small-block V8 350 cu in (5.7 L) small-block V8 350 cu in (5.7 L) Olds diesel V8
Transmission	3-speed automatic 4-speed automatic (optional, 1981–1985)
Dimensions
Wheelbase	116 in (2,946 mm)
Length	212.1 in (5,387 mm)
Width	75.5 in (1,918 mm)
Height	55.3 in (1,405 mm)

1977 Chevrolet Impala Sedan

The changes in the automobile marketplace resulted in Chevrolet redesigning the Impala for the 1977 model year to meet changing demands. It, as well as the other downsized B-body sedans, went on sale in late September 1976.[32] The new downsized Impalas were shorter in length, taller and narrower than before. The new Impala's frame was a shortened version of the one introduced in 1970 and would be utilized until 1996 when the B-body production line was shut down. Even with its trimmer exterior dimensions, the new Impala featured increased headroom, rear-seat legroom and trunk space.[33] Production of the downsized model increased substantially over 1976, and the Impala regained the number one US sales position. The redesigned 1977 Impala/Caprice was named Motor Trend's car of the year.

Pillarless hardtops were discontinued, the result of rumors of federal rollover standards looming in the near future. The 1977–1979 coupes sported a double bent tempered rear window similar to what was later used for the 1987 Chevrolet Monte Carlo Aerocoupe. For the 1980 model year, a mid cycle refresh replaced this complex backlight in the coupe with a more upright nearer flat glass, although the overall design remained similar.

Engine availability was reduced for 1977; the inline-6 was reintroduced with 110 hp (82 kW). Options included 267-and-305-cubic-inch (4.4 and 5.0 L) V8 engines. The 350-cubic-inch (5.7 L) V8 engine was optional in some years. Oldsmobile's 350-cubic-inch (5.7 L) V8 diesel engine also was available. Starting in 1980, the inline 6 was replaced by a generic 229 cubic-inch V6 from Chevrolet which was totally different from the 3.8 liter (231 cubic inch) V6 from Buick that was installed in numerous GM models of different divisions.

The Impala and the upscale Caprice sold well into the early 1980s. The Impala was reduced to the base model full-size Chevrolet and was popular with fleet usage – including taxi and police-pursuit vehicles, but had coupe and wagon body styles dropped after 1981, and was eliminated entirely in 1985, while the Caprice continued unchanged until 1990. Upon the demise of the Impala name, the base model full-size Chevrolet was rebranded Caprice starting in 1986, with the upper models being called the Caprice Classic and Caprice Classic Brougham.

In some model years these vehicles were also assembled in Southgate, CA and St. Louis, MO (which also assembled the Corvette through part of the 1981 model year).

Production Figures

Seventh generation
1995–1996 Chevrolet Impala SS 4-door sedan
Overview
Also called	Chevrolet Caprice SS (Middle East)
Production	February 14, 1994 – December 13, 1996 69,768 total units produced[35]
Model years	1994–1996
Assembly	United States: Arlington, Texas, (Arlington Assembly)
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan
Layout	FR layout
Platform	B-body
Related	Buick Roadmaster Callaway Impala SS Chevrolet Caprice Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser
Powertrain
Engine	5.7 L (350 cu in) LT1 V8
Transmission	4-speed 4L60-E automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	115.9 in (2,944 mm)
Length	214.1 in (5,438 mm)
Width	77 in (1,956 mm)
Height	54.7 in (1,389 mm)
Curb weight	4,036 lb (1,831 kg)

1995–1996 Impala SS rear view

In January 1990, the GM B platform's body was redesigned for the 1991 model year, though it retained the same shortened frame design of the 1977 model year redesign. The Impala SS badge was resurrected at the 1992 Detroit Auto Show as a concept car designed by GM designer Jon Moss. The concept car was two inches lower to the ground than the regular Caprice, and was powered by an 8.2-liter (500 cu in) engine. Eventually, the concept car's engine was replaced with a detuned 5.7-liter (350 cu in) LT1 V8 engine derived from the fourth generation Corvette.

The 1994 Impala SS went into production on February 14, 1994, at GM's plant in Arlington, Texas,[36] and was almost identical cosmetically to the concept car, the only noticeable change being the chromed bowtie logo on the grill (vs. a red logo on the concept). The car was, in essence, a high-performance version of the Caprice heavily based on the Caprice 9C1 police package. As such, it got much of the equipment formerly available only to law enforcement and government agencies. This included a sport-tuned suspension with reinforced shocks and springs, a high-capacity reverse-flow cooling system (derived from the Corvette's LT1), four-wheel disc brakes, transmission cooler, dual exhaust, a higher-output electrical system, and other minor mechanical and electrical alterations. The Impala SS did not get the 9C1's external oil-to-air engine oil cooler, nor were all the body mounts secured (the standard Caprice and Impala SS were assembled at the factory with the front three body mounts missing one of the rubber cushions, while the 9C1 was assembled with all rubber cushions in place).

The Impala SS was fitted with a standard 3.08 gear. The limited-slip rear differential was standard (as opposed to the optional G80 on Caprices) and the suspension was an inch lower. A retuned LT1 5.7-liter (350 cu in) small-block V8 was standard on the Impala SS, making 260 hp (194 kW; 264 PS) and 330 lb⋅ft (447 N⋅m) of torque (retuned from the prototype's 300 hp (224 kW; 304 PS) rating). The primary difference between the LT1 in the Impala and the LT1 that was in the Corvette and Camaro was that the Impala engine was fitted with cast-iron cylinder heads instead of aluminum ones, and a camshaft that was designed more for low-end torque than high-end horsepower. Another difference was that the block casting for the Impala LT1 had two-bolt main bearing caps while the casting used for the Corvette LT1 had four-bolt main bearing caps. The transmission was the 4L60E, which was an electronically controlled version of the previously hydraulically controlled 4L60. However, the transmission was not upgraded up for the power of the LT1, nor the extra weight of the body and frame, and transmission failures after 100,000 miles (160,000 km) were commonplace.

The Impala SS received body-colored trim, a unique single-bar grille with no hood ornament, and a rear deck spoiler. It was fitted with 17-inch (430 mm) brushed aluminum wheels with 255/50ZR17 all-season tires. Inside, the car came with a central console with cup holders (1994 and 1995 models) and a storage compartment, leather seats embroidered with the Impala SS logo, and a standard leather-wrapped steering wheel. For the 1994 model year, it was available only in black with a gray interior. Due to a shortage of the unique five-spoke aluminum wheels, only 6,303 cars were sold. However, the wheel shortage was remedied for the 1995 model year and 21,434 cars were sold.

In 1995, Dark Cherry Metallic and Dark Grey Green were added as exterior color options, and the body paneling on the rear quarter panel was altered to reflect the cosmetic effect formerly achieved by a window insert. The black units continued to receive semi-gloss door moldings and wheel-well trim whereas the other color offerings received those items in full gloss. Another change from 1994 was the placement of the side mirrors from pods attached to the door to a larger format attached to the 'A' pillar. 1996 was the last year of production with 41,941 units sold. The 1996 Impala SS was also exported to the Middle East, as the Caprice SS, with the car being identical to its American counterpart except for the side fonts on the rear quarter panel and the badge on the dashboard saying Caprice SS. The 1996 Impala SS production went late into the model year; the last one being produced on December 13, 1996. Marblehead Gray Metallic had been planned for that final year however the option was cancelled at the last minute even though many trim part numbers for the color had already been designated. The last year saw minor interior alterations, with the digital speedometer being replaced by an analog one, along with a tachometer. The shifter was moved from the column to the center console, and the engine was given an OBD-II computer control system (the camshaft was reground to adjust for the new computer).

Eighth generation
Chevrolet Impala Sedan
Overview
Production	1999–2005
Model years	2000–2005
Assembly	Canada: Oshawa, Ontario (Oshawa Car Assembly)
Designer	John Cafaro
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan
Layout	Transverse front-engine, front-wheel drive
Platform	W-body 2nd Gen
Related	Buick Century Buick Regal Chevrolet Monte Carlo Oldsmobile Intrigue Pontiac Grand Prix
Powertrain
Engine	3.4 L LA1 V6 (gasoline)[41] 3.8 L L36 V6 (gasoline)[42] 3.8 L L67 V6 SC (gasoline)[43]
Transmission	4-speed 4T65-E automatic 4-speed 4T65E-HD automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	110.5 in (2,807 mm)
Length	200.0 in (5,080 mm)
Width	73 in (1,854 mm)
Height	2000–2002: 57.5 in (1,460 mm) 2003–2005: 57.3 inches (1,460 mm)
Curb weight	3,465 lb (1,572 kg)

The Impala name was revived for the 2000 model year, being introduced on April 8, 1999.[44] With a wheelbase three inches longer (though an inch shorter overall) than the Mid-size Lumina, the new Chevrolet Impala was categorized as full-size by cars.com[45] but mid-size by Consumer Guide Automotive.[46] Based on the Lumina's W-body platform, it was built at Oshawa Car Assembly in Oshawa, Ontario, Canada. Unlike the earlier Impalas built on a B-body, this one was front-wheel drive and was available with a choice of two engines, the ever-enduring 3.8L V6 engine, and the slightly smaller 3.4L V6 engine. A new Impala SS with a supercharged 3.8L V6 was brought out for the 2004 model year.

2002 Impala

The Impala was available in two trim levels from 2000 to 2003. The base model came equipped with cloth bench seats, steel wheels, the 180 horsepower (134 kW) 3.4 liter (204 cu in) LA1 V6, and a 3-gauge instrument cluster.[41] The LS came factory-equipped with cloth bucket seats upgradeable to leather with center console and floor shift, color-keyed "Impala" door scripts and trunk badge, anti-lock brakes, traction control system, keyless remote entry, integrated foglamps, aluminum wheels upgradeable to alloy wheels, rear spoiler (optional on the base models), 4-gauge instrument cluster (with tachometer), and the larger 200 horsepower (149 kW) 3.8 liter (231 cu in) L36 V6.[42] Options available on all models included a sunroof, OnStar system, Driver Information Center with built-in HomeLink system, heated power front seats, and 16 inch 1990s SS-inspired wheels. All models came equipped with power windows, door locks, and mirrors. The rear spoiler was an option on base models, and could be deleted from LS models upon buyers request.

2005 Impala SS

The 2004 to 2005 Impala SS came equipped with the 3.8 liter (231 cu in) supercharged L67 V6 engine.[43] It was rated at 240 horsepower (180 kW) and had been previously used in the Pontiac Grand Prix GTP, Buick Regal GS, Buick Riviera, and H-body Pontiac Bonneville SSEI and Buick Park Avenue "Ultra". The lighter front-wheel-drive sedan was as quick as the vaunted 1990s Impala SS, with 0–60-mile-per-hour (0–97 km/h) times pushing 6.5 seconds, compared to the earlier model's time also showing 6.5 seconds (albeit 7.1 seconds on average).[47] To commemorate Chevrolet's long relationship with the Indianapolis Motor Speedway and the Indianapolis 500 race, a limited edition (4,088 produced) Impala Indy SS was offered in 2004, featuring black grille with gold Chevrolet bowtie emblem that would be carried over to all Impala models in 2005, various Indy logos on the exterior and interior, 17-inch chrome wheels, gauge cluster package, and more.

Impala 9C1 and 9C3

2005 Impala 9C1 4dr Police Interceptor

Also released with this version were the 9C1 Police Package, first released in 2000, as well as the 9C3 Undercover Police Package first released in 2001. Available only to law enforcement agencies, fire departments, and EMS agencies, it has had much more success than its predecessor, the Lumina 9C3. The 9C1 was a base model with a stronger suspension and the 3.8 liter (231 cu in) V6 engine. It also came with the option for a rear vinyl bench seat and front cloth bucket or bench seats, both cloth front and rear seats, or vinyl front and rear seats. It also offered preparation for a criminal cage to be installed between the front and rear seats. It was only available in a few basic colors. Another addition was the "SURV MODE" switch that replaced the fog light switch found on the LS. This enabled the driver to turn off all lights in the vehicle and "hide"; something not allowed with the civilian models, as automatic headlights were standard. The 9C3 was comparably equipped to the 9C1, but the ability to add other convenience options and more paint and interior choices set the 9C3 apart.

Sales for the Impala 9C1 and 9C3 were strong with law enforcement and they were especially popular with large city fleets such as the NYPD and Philadelphia Police Department. However, the Ford Crown Victoria P71 still held the sales lead and was preferred by most agencies due to its larger size, much more durable V8 engine, rear wheel drive layout, and body-on-frame platform.

Tenth generation
Overview
Production	2013[71]–2020[72]
Model years	2014–2020
Assembly	Canada: Oshawa, Ontario, (Oshawa Car Assembly, until 2019) United States: Detroit, Michigan (Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly)
Designer	Steve McCabe (2006)[73]
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan
Layout	Front-engine, front-wheel drive[74]
Platform	GM Epsilon II LWB
Related	Cadillac XTS Buick LaCrosse Saab 9–5
Powertrain
Engine	2.4 L LUK Ecotec I4 eAssist 2.5 L LKW Ecotec I4 3.6 L LFX V6
Electric motor	belt alternator starter (eAssist MHEV)
Transmission	6-speed 6T70 automatic 6-speed 6T40 automatic (eAssist only)
Hybrid drivetrain	eAssist MHEV
Dimensions
Wheelbase	111.7 in (2,837 mm)
Length	201.3 in (5,113 mm)
Width	73 in (1,854 mm)
Height	58.9 in (1,496 mm)
Curb weight	3,679–3,811 lb (1,669–1,729 kg) 4,175 lb (1,894 kg) 3.6L/CNG

Chevrolet Impala LT (US)

The tenth-generation Impala was introduced at the 2012 New York Auto Show for the 2014 model year, with sales and production commencing March 4, 2013.[75] The tenth generation Impala was the first North American sedan in 20 years to earn Consumer Reports' top score, with a score of 95 of a possible 100 points.[63][76]

This tenth generation Impala, according to autoblog.com, is once again classified as full-size, the previous generation having been mid-size.[77] It is larger than the previous generation, sharing the extended Epsilon II FWD platform with the Cadillac XTS. It was assembled in Oshawa, Ontario, Canada, alongside the ninth-generation Impala (now renamed the fleet and rental exclusive-only Impala Limited), and at the Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly in the United States.[63][78] All trim levels are equipped with a six-speed automatic transmission with sport and manual shifting modes.

The tenth generation models were shipped to dealerships across North America on March 25, 2013, and officially went on sale to the public April 1, 2013.[79] That same day regular production on the Impala (the 2.4L eAssist and 3.6L equipped versions/LT2 and LTZ2 trims only) began at their Oshawa plant,[80] while production at GM's Detroit-Hamtramck plant (the 2.5L equipped versions/LS, LT1 and LTZ1 trims) started production on April 8 and arrived to dealerships in May. The eAssist versions went on sale in the fourth quarter of 2013.[81]

In 2014, the Impala saw its share of the full-size sedan market increase to 14.7 percent, up from 6.9 percent in 2013.[82]

The 2014 Impala came standard with 18 inch wheels (19, and 20 inch offered in higher trims), low profile HID Headlights and LED daytime running lights (On LTZ trim) and offered three engines; a 2.5 L 4-Cylinder (the first time the Impala will use this type), a 2.4 L 4-Cylinder with hybrid-assist technology, and a 3.6 L V6.[74] The interior came equipped with a 4.2-inch color display featuring Chevrolet MyLink (LT and LTZ trims), HD Radio (all trims) and Pandora Radio (LT and LTZ trims), Active noise cancellation for all 4-cylinder options, while new safety features included 10 Standard Airbags combined with OnStar. Optional features for the 2014 model included "full-speed-range adaptive cruise control, collision mitigation braking, forward collision alert, lane departure warning, side blind zone alert, rear cross traffic alert, rear camera and rear-park assist".[83]

There was speculation that GM would discontinue the Impala in 2018 due to declining sales of American full-size sedans, in order to make room for more production of crossover SUVs.[94] However, GM CEO Mary Barra later said that unlike Ford and FCA, GM had no plans to exit the sedan market,[95] and at the time stated that the Impala would continue in production as a way to fill the void left by the planned departure of the Ford Taurus in 2019.[96]

GM later reversed course and made plans to idle the Detroit-Hamtramck and Oshawa assembly facilities and retire the Impala nameplate.[97] After originally intending to end production in June 2019, GM decided to keep the Impala in production, with the extension of the assembly plants' idling to 2020.[98][99] The final Chevrolet Impala was built at the Detroit/Hamtramck assembly plant on February 27, 2020.[72]

In the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's crash tests, the 2000 to 2005 Impala was given a "Good" rating overall for good structural performance and no chance of any significant injury in a crash of its severity, except for maybe a minor lower-left-leg injury, such as a bruise or sprain. The 2006 to present Impala is given a lesser overall "Acceptable" score for front impact collisions.[105] and a "Good" score for side impacts. Side-curtain airbags are standard for front and rear rows; side torso airbags previously unavailable became standard on all trim levels beginning with the 2009 model year. GM made some minor structural enhancements to the Impala, beginning in December 2009; models produced after that received a "Good" in the IIHS frontal offset crash test.[106]

In September 2009, a local news station's investigative team in Rhode Island discovered that GM's fleet customers who purchased the 2006–2009 Impala were able to order them with the side-curtain airbags deleted for a savings of $175 per vehicle. Because these fleets typically sell off their cars after two to three years of use, many of the Impalas that were built without side-curtain airbags became privately owned cars. Current owners may be able to tell if their car has side airbags by checking the VIN and/or by checking to see if "Air bag" is printed on the roof support between the front and back rows.

Another potential safety hazard, affecting Impalas of model years 2007 and 2008, is premature rear tire wear caused by defective rear suspension components. Police vehicles were upgraded to correct this defect and law enforcement agencies were compensated for expenses incurred for tire replacement, but civilian vehicles were not recalled. As a result, Impala owners launched a class action lawsuit in July 2011 against General Motors.[107] In response, the current General Motors leadership claimed about a month later that they are not responsible to repair the defective vehicles manufactured pre-General Motors Bailout.[108] Subsequently, in late September, a new lawsuit, disputing the GM response, was initiated by three of the estimated 400,000 Impala owners.[109] (GM is also facing a similar legal dispute regarding a pre-bankruptcy upgrade to its OnStar system which left thousands of users without service in violation of their paid-up contracts.)

On April 22, 2014, the NHTSA opened an investigation into 60,000 2014 Chevrolet Impala models over concerns relating to the sedan's emergency braking system. This followed the NHTSA receiving a complaint from a driver who experienced "inappropriate activation of the emergency braking system", adding it "alleges that the driver assist system inappropriately activated emergency braking bringing the vehicle to a complete stop under what the driver considered to be full braking force". The driver also went on to say that he heard three to four beeps from the system while driving the rented vehicle, which had only 2500 miles on it. GM is fully co-operating in the investigation.[110]

Motor Trend magazine awarded the full-size Chevrolet including the Impala as its 1977 Car of the Year.[111]

Automotive Fleet and Business Fleet magazines awarded the Impala the 2006, 2007, and 2008 Fleet Car of the Year.[112][113]

Canadian Automobile Association (CAA) selected the Impala for its 2006 Pyramid Award for Environmental Initiatives for the launch of its new ethanol-powered E-85 model.[114]

NASCAR racer Dale Earnhardt Jr.'s #88 car replica at Orlando.

In 2007, the Impala began to replace the Monte Carlo on the NASCAR stock car racing circuit; more specifically, on all the scheduled racing events where NASCAR has mandated the use of a car with different (and some new) specifications, better known as the Car of Tomorrow.

The Impala was also used to represent Chevrolet in the Nationwide Series. In 2013, the Impala was replaced by the Camaro in the Nationwide Series.

The Impala was also used in the NASCAR Pinty's Series. It was replaced by the Camaro in 2018.

The 2012 NASCAR season marked the end of use of the Impala nameplate on stock cars. From 2013 to 2017, Chevrolet drivers began driving the Holden VF Commodore SSV based Chevrolet SS in Sprint Cup until the Chevrolet SS was discontinued after 2017.

• Biel, John (2005), "A Glass Half Full: The Story of the 1958 Chevrolet", Collectible Automobile, 21 (6): 8–23

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chevrolet Impala.

• Official website
• Appearances of the Impala in TV and film
• North American Impala Owners Association – Your source for late model Impala information
• History of the Chevrolet Impala 1958–2001
• 1958 Chevrolet promotional video with footage about the design of the Impala
• http://www.autoblog.com/2013/10/16/2015-bi-fuel-chevy-impala-video/#continued