Gong Li
Gong Li (Chinese: 巩俐; born 31 December 1965) is a Chinese actress.[4] She starred in three of the four Chinese-language films that were nominated for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film.
Gong Li | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Gong in 2016 | |||||||||
| Born | 31 December 1965 | ||||||||
| Citizenship | |||||||||
| Education | Central Academy of Drama (BA) | ||||||||
| Occupation | Actress, singer | ||||||||
| Years active | 1987–present | ||||||||
| Works | Filmography | ||||||||
| Spouse | Ooi Hoe Soeng
(m. 1996; div. 2010) | ||||||||
| Awards | Full list | ||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 巩俐 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 鞏俐 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Gong was born in Shenyang, Liaoning, and grew up in Jinan, Shandong. She enrolled at the Central Academy of Drama in Beijing, from where she graduated in 1989. While a student at the Academy, she was spotted by director Zhang Yimou and debuted in Zhang's Red Sorghum in 1987. Gong and Zhang's professional and personal relationship received much media attention in the Chinese-speaking world, as they continued to collaborate on a string of critically acclaimed movies, including the Oscar-nominated features Ju Dou (1990) and Raise the Red Lantern (1991). For her role in the Zhang-directed The Story of Qiu Ju (1992), Gong won the Volpi Cup for Best Actress at the Venice Film Festival.
Gong also starred in the Chen Kaige-directed Oscar-nominated Farewell My Concubine (1993), for which she won Best Supporting Actress at the New York Film Critics Circle Awards. In English-language films, she won the National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress for her Memoirs of a Geisha (2005), directed by Rob Marshall. Other notable appearances include Flirting Scholar (1993), To Live (1994), Chinese Box (1997), The Emperor and the Assassin (1998), Breaking the Silence (2000), Zhou Yu's Train (2003), 2046 (2004), Miami Vice (2006), Curse of the Golden Flower (2006), and Coming Home (2014).
Gong was head of jury at the 2000 Berlin Film Festival and the 2002 Venice Film Festival, the first Asian person to hold such position at both events. Over the course of her career, Gong has won three Hundred Flowers Awards, two Golden Rooster Awards, a Hong Kong Film Award, and honorary awards at the Berlin and Cannes film festivals. She was appointed as a Commander (Commandeur) of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the government of France in 2010.[5]
Early life
Gong Li was born on 31 December 1965 in Shenyang, Liaoning, China, the youngest of five children. Her father was a professor of economics and her mother was a teacher.[6] She grew up in Jinan, the capital of Shandong. She has been fond of singing and dancing since childhood, and dreamt of becoming a singer.
She studied in Jinan Sanhe Street Primary School. When she was in grade two, she was recommended by the school to sing children's songs at Jinan People's Broadcasting Station. In Jinan No.2 Middle School, Gong spent six years in high school, when she was a member of the school's literature and art team.
In 1985, she was accepted to study at the Central Academy of Drama in Beijing; she graduated in 1989.[7] While a student at the Central Academy of Drama, she was discovered by Zhang Yimou, who chose her for the lead role in Red Sorghum, his first film as a director.[8]
Acting career
1987–1989: Career beginnings
In 1987, Gong was first chosen by director Zhang Yimou to act in the anti-Japanese war romance Red Sorghum, which officially launched her 15-year cooperation with the China's fifth-generation directors. The film won the Golden Bear at the 38th Berlin International Film Festival, becoming the first Chinese film to win this award.[9] It also won the Golden Rooster Awards and the Hundred Flowers Awards for Best Picture in 1988.
In 1989, Gong starred in Zhang Yimou’s second counterterrorism film, Codename Cougar, for which she won the Hundred Flowers Awards for Best Supporting Actress, ushering in a new stage of exploring acting skills and style.
1990–1999: Fifth generation filmmakers and international spotlight
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Over the several years following her 1987 acting debut in Red Sorghum, Gong received international acclaim for her roles in several more Zhang Yimou films.[10][11]
In 1990, Gong Continued to cooperate with Zhang Yimou and starred in his family ethics movie Ju Dou, which won the Luis Buñuel Special Award at the 1990 Cannes Film Festival[12] and was nominated for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 63rd Academy Awards, becoming the first Chinese film to be nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.[13] Gong also won the Best Actress award at the Varna International Film Festival.
In 1991, Gong starred in Zhang Yimou's representative film Raise the Red Lantern, which won the Silver Lion award at the 48th Venice Film Festival[14] and was nominated for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 64th Academy Awards. Gong, playing a rebellious mistress in the film, won the Hundred Flowers Awards for Best Actress and was nominated for the David di Donatello Awards and the NSFC for Best Actress.[15] Her performance in the Raise the Red Lantern (1991) put her in the international spotlight again.[8]
In 1992, Gong starred in the rural drama The Story of Qiu Ju, which won the Golden Lion award at the 49th Venice International Film Festival.[16] Gong's portrayal of rural woman Qiu Ju not only won the Golden Rooster Awards and the Japanese Movie Critics Awards for Best Actress, but also helped her named Best Actress at the 49th Venice Film Festival.
In 1993, she received a New York Film Critics Circle award for her role in Farewell My Concubine (1993).[17] Directed by Chen Kaige, the film was her first major role with a director other than Zhang Yimou.[11] In the same year, she was awarded with the Berlinale Camera at the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival.[18] Premiere magazine ranked her performance in Farewell My Concubine as the 89th greatest performance of all time. She also worked with renowned director Stephen Chow in comedy films God of Gamblers III: Back to Shanghai (1991) and Flirting Scholar (1993).[19][20]
Immune to political repercussions because of her fame, Gong Li began criticizing the censorship policy in China. Her films Farewell My Concubine and The Story of Qiu Ju were initially banned in China for being thinly-veiled critiques of the Chinese government.[21] Regarding the sexual content in Ju Dou, Chinese censorship deemed the film "a bad influence on the physical and spiritual health of young people."[10]
In 1994, Gong played Jia Zhen, the wife of Xu Fugui, in the drama "To Live" with Zhang Yimou, which won the Grand Prix at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival.[22] She was also nominated for the Chlotrudis Awards for Best Actress.
In 1995, Gong starred in Shanghai Triad, her breakup with Zhang Yimou, in which she played a seductive stage queen. The film won the Technical Grand Prize of Cannes Film Festival, the National Board of Review for Best Foreign Language film, and was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film.[23]
These roles established her reputation, according to Asiaweek, as
"one of the world's most glamorous movie stars and an elegant throwback to Hollywood's golden era".[8]
In 1996, Gong and Chen Kaige collaborated again in the romantic film Temptress Moon, which was in competition for the Palme d'Or of the 1996 Cannes Film Festival. Gong has been nominated for her second best Actress at the Hong Kong Film Awards for her role as rebellious teenage girl Ru Yi. She also appeared on the cover of Time magazine(1996).
In 1997, Gong worked with Jeremy Irons on the romantic drama Chinese Box, which won the Best Original Music award at the Venice Film Festival. In the same year, Gong was invited to be a jury at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival, becoming the first Chinese to be a jury at the festival.[24]
In June 1998, Gong Li became a recipient of France's Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.
In 1999, Gong and Chen Kaige collaborated for the third film The Emperor and the Assassin, which won the Technical Grand Prize at the 1999 Cannes Film Festival.[25]
In many of her early movies, Gong represents a tragic victim and an abused soul (physically or emotionally), trying to release herself from an impossible maze of corruption, violence and suppression. In Raise the Red Lantern and Shanghai Triad (1995) an additional tragic element is added to her being as she unintentionally becomes the executioner of new innocent victims, making her realize that she has assisted the dark cynical system.[26]
2000–2004: Worldwide recognition
In 2000, Gong won her second international Best Actress trophy for her performance as a struggling single mother in Breaking the Silence (2000) at the Montreal World Film Festival, directed by Sun Zhou. She attended the Montreal World Film Festival that year, where she was awarded a special Grand Prix of the Americas for lifetime achievement for her outstanding achievement.[27] In the same year, Gong was invited by the Berlin Film Festival to be the president of its international jury for the festival's 50th anniversary.[28]
Gong was invited to head the jury of the Venice Film Festival in 2002.[29]
In 2003, Gong heads review committee of Tokyo Film Festival.[30]
In the early 2000s, Gong also starred in two films directed by Wong Kar-wai, 2046 and Eros (both in 2004),[31] which were seen as "an important opportunity to get rid of the influence of Zhang Yimou".[32] She also attended the 2004 Cannes Film Festival, where she was awarded the Festival Trophy for her contributions to film.
2005–2018: Hollywood and Chinese cinema
Despite her popularity, Gong avoided Hollywood for years, due to a lack of confidence in speaking English.[33] She made her English speaking debut in 2005 when she starred as Hatsumomo in Memoirs of a Geisha. Her performance was met with generally positive reviews.[34] Time Magazine's Richard Corliss to describe her as
"gloriously channeling Bette Davis"[35]
Gong also won the National Board of Review for Best Supporting Actress for her role as Hatsumomo. Her other English-language roles to date included Miami Vice in 2006 and Hannibal Rising in 2007. In all three films, she learned her English lines phonetically.
Through three English-language films, Gong has gradually established herself in Hollywood. Speaking of the Hollywood experience, Gong said it broadened her horizons, gave her a better idea of what she liked and allowed her to experiment with different acting styles.[36]
In 2006, Gong worked again with Zhang Yimou for historical epic Curse of the Golden Flower, for which She won the best Actress at the 26th Hong Kong Film Awards.[37] Time named her performance as the Empress as the 7th greatest performance of the year.
She narrated Beijing (2008), an audio walking tour by Louis Vuitton and Soundwalk,[38] which won an Audie Award for Best Original Work in 2009.[39]
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In 2010, Gong starred in the World War II-era thriller Shanghai as a spy who is disguised as the wife of a triad boss (played by Chow Yun-fat). She turned to documentaries and photographs about World War II, besides taking dancing classes three times a week, to ensure an accurate portrayal of the character.[19] During a press junket for the film, she stated that she was becoming more selective with the Chinese language projects offered to her.
She also emphasized in the interview:
It takes time to create a good role, and it is not easy to meet a good role and one you like, so I am not in a hurry, nor need I be in such a hurry.[40]
In 2014, Gong was the president of the jury for the 17th Shanghai International Film Festival.[41] Later that same year, she reunited with Zhang Yimou for the film Coming Home, which is set during the throes of the Cultural Revolution; this film was their first collaboration since 2006.[42]
In 2016, Gong took on her first action role in The Monkey King 2, playing the White Bone Demon.[43]
In 2018, Gong served as the jury president of 55th Golden Horse Awards.[44]
2019–present: Global comeback and return to the screen
In 2019, Gong was cast in Lou Ye's period drama Saturday Fiction, where she plays an actress who is working undercover gathering intelligence for the Allies.[45] The film was selected to compete for the Golden Lion at the 76th Venice International Film Festival.[46] Gong learned shooting and hypnosis for the spy film.[47] Her performance gained rave reviews.[48] That year, she was also cast in the live-action adaptation of the 1998 Disney animated film Mulan, as a powerful witch.[49] While the film, released in 2020, had a mixed reception, Gong's performance was widely praised by critics. The Vanity Fair's chief critic, Richard Lawson, wrote in his review, "It is a pleasure as ever to watch Gong do her thing, slinking and thrashing around in a fabulous black witch’s cloak."[50]
The Hollywood Reporter commented:
the Chinese superstar marks her return to the spotlight with a pair of high-profile films: Lou Ye's period drama and Disney's live-action 'Mulan' remake.[51]
In 2020, Gong was cast in Peter Chan's biographical film Leap, where she plays the hard-driving, real-life head coach of the Chinese women’s national volleyball team Lang Ping.[52]
In 2021, Gong was invited to be the jury president of the 11th Beijing International Film Festival, becoming the first female jury president in the history of the festival.[53]
Personal life
Her personal and professional relationship with director Zhang Yimou has been highly publicized. The pair collaborated on six films between 1987 and 1995, before ending their relationship.[54][55] They reunited in 2006 for the film Curse of the Golden Flower and in 2014 on Coming Home.[56]
In November 1996, Gong married Singaporean tobacco tycoon Ooi Hoe Seong at Hong Kong's China Club.[57][58] But the couple have rarely been seen in public and it is not known whether they have any children.[59]
Gong was nominated Goodwill Ambassador of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) on 16 October 2000.[60]
In 2006, she was voted the most beautiful woman in China.[61][62]
Gong applied for Singapore citizenship in early 2008. When overseas professional obligations prevented her from showing up at her scheduled August citizenship ceremony, she was harshly criticized for not making it a priority. On Saturday, 8 November 2008, Gong, in an effort to make amends, attended a citizenship ceremony held at Teck Ghee Community Club and received her Singapore citizenship certificate from Member of Parliament Lee Bee Wah.[63] Gong was reportedly considering renouncing Singapore citizenship after being blacklisted in China.[64]
On 28 June 2010, Gong's agent confirmed that Gong Li and her husband Ooi had divorced.[65]
In 2019, Gong Li married French composer Jean-Michel Jarre.[66]
Filmography
Films
| Year | Title | Role |
|---|---|---|
| 1987 | Red Sorghum 红高粱 | Jiu'er |
| 1989 | The Empress Dowager 西太后 | Guilian |
| Codename Cougar 代号美洲豹 | Ah Li | |
| A Terracotta Warrior 秦俑 | Winter/Lili Chu | |
| 1990 | Ju Dou 菊豆 | Ju Dou |
| 1991 | God of Gamblers III: Back to Shanghai 賭俠2之上海灘賭聖 | Yu-Sin/Yu-Mong |
| Raise the Red Lantern 大红灯笼高高挂 | Songlian | |
| The Banquet 豪門夜宴 | Waitress at banquet | |
| 1992 | The Story of Qiu Ju 秋菊打官司 | Qiu Ju |
| Mary from Beijing 夢醒時分 | Mary | |
| 1993 | Farewell My Concubine 霸王别姬 | Juxian |
| Flirting Scholar 唐伯虎點秋香 | Chou Heung | |
| 1994 | Dragon Chronicles: The Maidens of Heavenly Mountain 新天龍八部之天山童姥 | Mo Han-Wen |
| A Soul Haunted by Painting 画魂 | Pan Yuliang | |
| To Live 活着 | Jiazhen | |
| The Great Conqueror's Concubine 西楚霸王 | Lü Zhi | |
| 1995 | Shanghai Triad 摇啊摇，摇到外婆桥 | Xiao Jinbao |
| 1996 | Temptress Moon 风月 | Pan Ruyi |
| 1997 | Chinese Box 中國匣子 | Vivian |
| 1998 | The Emperor and the Assassin 荆柯刺秦王 | Lady Zhao |
| 2000 | Breaking the Silence 漂亮妈妈 | Sun Liying |
| 2002 | Zhou Yu's Train 周渔的火车 | Zhou Yu |
| 2004 | 2046 | Su Li Zhen |
| Eros: The Hand 爱神 | Miss Hua | |
| 2005 | Memoirs of a Geisha 艺伎回忆录 | Hatsumomo |
| 2006 | Miami Vice 迈阿密风暴 | Isabella |
| Curse of the Golden Flower 满城尽带黄金甲 | Empress Phoenix | |
| 2007 | Hannibal Rising 沉默的羔羊前传之揭开罪幕 | Lady Murasaki Shikibu Lecter |
| 2010 | Shanghai 諜海風雲 | Anna Lan-Ting |
| 2011 | What Women Want 我知女人心 | Li Yilong |
| 2014 | Coming Home 归来 | Feng Wanyu |
| 2016 | The Monkey King 2 西遊記之孫悟空三打白骨精 | White Bone Demon |
| 2019 | Saturday Fiction 兰心大剧院 | Yu Jin |
| 2020 | Mulan 花木兰 | Xianniang |
| Leap 中国女排 | Lang Ping |
Dubbing
| Year | Title | Director |
|---|---|---|
| 2007 | My Blueberry Nights 蓝莓之夜 | Wong Kar-wai |
Talk show
| Year | English title | Host |
|---|---|---|
| 1989 | Celebrity Talk Show 今夜不设防 | James Wong Jim, Ni Kuang, Chua Lam |
| 2003 | Starface 名人面对面 | 许戈辉 |
| 2009 | YANG LAN ONE ON ONE 杨澜访谈录 | Yang Lan |
| 2011 | Star show 巨星秀 | Zhang Yi |
| 2013 | Telling Maria 2 最佳女主角 | 黎芷珊 |
| 2014 | YANG LAN ONE ON ONE 杨澜访谈录 | Yang Lan |
Music video
| Year | Song Title |
|---|---|
| 1987 | Don't come at dawn (黎明不要来) |
| 2001 | New Beijing, great Olympics (新北京，新奥运) |
Discography
| Year | Song title | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1994 | Hate this life 恨今生 | Soundtrack of The Great Conqueror's Concubine |
| 1995 | Shanghai Triad 摇啊摇，摇到外婆桥 | Soundtrack of Shanghai Triad |
| Get out of here 滚出去 | Soundtrack of Shanghai Triad | |
| Take a full moon 月圆花好 | Soundtrack of Shanghai Triad | |
| Special express 特别快车 | Soundtrack of Shanghai Triad | |
| The prudish 假正经 | Soundtrack of Shanghai Triad | |
| 2001 | New Beijing, great Olympics 新北京，新奥运 | with Jackie Chan, Coco Lee |
Endorsements
Gong is the first Chinese ambassador for L'Oreal Paris in 1997.[67] She also served as ambassador for Midea, Chopard and Osim International.
From 2013 to 2018, Gong served as the global ambassadors for Piaget.[68]
Gong served as the global brand ambassador for Hisense on September 27, 2020.[69]
Since 2021, Gong has been the first Chinese artist to become the global high jewelry ambassador for Cartier.[70][71][72]
Charities
- Gong was appointed UNESCO Artist for Peace in 2000.[73]
- Gong was appointed FAO Goodwill Ambassador on World Food Day 2000. "To launch an appeal against hunger is not a waste of time.[74]
- Gong has been invited by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) to be Global Environmental Ambassador, and to urge the public to give up bad habits that are harmful to the environment and to reduce the discharge of carbon dioxide in 2008.[75]
- Gong Li's Portrait on display at "The Transformative Power of Art" Exhibition, at the United Nations headquarters in 2016.[76]
Awards and nominations
| Year | Award | Category | Nominated work | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 | Hundred Flowers Award | Best Supporting Actress | Codename Cougar | Won |
| 1991 | Hong Kong Film Awards | Best Actress | A Terracotta Warrior | Nominated |
| 1992 | Venice Film Festival | Volpi Cup for Best Actress | The Story of Qiu Ju | Won |
| 1993 | Golden Rooster Awards | Best Actress | Won | |
| Golden Phoenix Awards | Society Award | Won | ||
| Japanese Movie Critics Awards | Best Foreign Language Film Actress | Won | ||
| Hundred Flowers Awards | Best Actress | Nominated | ||
| New York Film Critics Circle Award | Best Supporting Actress | Farewell My Concubine | Won | |
| Berlin International Film Festival | Berlinale Camera | — | Won | |
| Hundred Flowers Awards | Best Actress | Raise the Red Lantern | Won | |
| National Society of Film Critics | Best Actress | Nominated | ||
| Varna 'Love Is Folly' International Film Festival | Best Actress | Ju Dou | Won | |
| 1994 | Chlotrudis Awards | Best Actress | To Live | Nominated |
| 1996 | David di Donatello Awards | Best Foreign Actress | Raise the Red Lantern | Nominated |
| 1997 | Hong Kong Film Award | Best Actress | Temptress Moon | Nominated |
| 1998 | Ordre des Arts et des Lettres | — | Won | |
| 2000 | Montreal World Film Festival | Grand Prix des Amériques | — | Won |
| Golden Rooster Awards | Best Actress | Breaking the Silence | Won | |
| Montreal World Film Festival | Won | |||
| 2001 | Hundred Flowers Awards | Won | ||
| Shanghai Film Critics Awards | Won | |||
| Golden Phoenix Awards | Society Award | Won | ||
| Hundred Flowers Awards | Most Popular Actress | — | Won | |
| 2003 | Beijing College Student Film Festival | Most Popular Actress | Zhou Yu's Train | Won |
| 2004 | Chinese Film Media Awards | Best Actress | Nominated | |
| Cannes Film Festival | Festival Trophy | — | Won | |
| 2005 | National Board of Review | Best Supporting Actress | Memoirs of a Geisha | Won |
| Satellite Award | Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture | Nominated | ||
| 2007 | Hong Kong Film Award | Best Actress | Curse of the Golden Flower | Won |
| Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award | Won | |||
| Asian Film Awards | Nominated | |||
| Golden Bauhinia Awards | Won | |||
| Chinese Film Media Awards | Nominated | |||
| 2008 | Italian Online Movie Awards | Nominated | ||
| 2014 | FIRST International Film Festival | Most watched actress | Coming Home | Won |
| Shanghai Film Critics Awards | Best Actress | Won | ||
| Golden Deer Awards | Won | |||
| Golden Horse Awards | Nominated | |||
| Macau International Movie Festival | Nominated | |||
| 2015 | Asian Film Awards | Nominated | ||
| China Film Directors' Guild Awards | Won | |||
| Chinese Film Media Awards | Nominated | |||
| 2016 | Huabiao Awards | Outstanding Actress | Nominated | |
| China Britain Film Festival | Best Actress | The Monkey King 2 | Won | |
| 2017 | Top Ten Chinese Films Festival | Nominated | ||
| 2020 | Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award | Best Actress | Leap | Won |
| 2021 | Huading Awards | Won | ||
| Hong Kong Film Directors' Guild Awards | Won | |||
| 2022 | Hong Kong Film Awards | Nominated | ||
Jury
- 1997 – 50th Cannes Film Festival
- 2000 – 50th Berlin International Film Festival
- 2002 – 59th Venice Film Festival
- 2003 – 16th Tokyo International Film Festival
- 2014 – 17th Shanghai International Film Festival
- 2018 – 55th Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards
- 2021 – 11th Beijing International Film Festival
See also
- Cinema of China
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- https://newagemusic.guide/new-age-music/jean-michel-jarre-secretly-marries-actress-gong-li/
- "巴黎欧莱雅代言人巩俐应邀探访欧莱雅中国研发和创新中心". L'Oreal Paris.
- "Piaget". Forbes.
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- "Gong Li Is Cartier's New Ambassador for High Jewellery". Tatler Asia. 21 September 2021.
- "The Maison is pleased to announce that Gong Li has joined the Cartier family as a global High Jewelry ambassador. Talented and determined, with an approach that is both passionate and free-spirited, the actress reflects the fundamental values of the Maison". Cartier on Instagram. 20 September 2021. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021.
- "巩俐被任命为联合国"促进和平艺术家"". China News Service (in Chinese). 10 May 2000.
- "The FAO Ambassadors". FAO. 16 October 2000.
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- "UN displays actress Gong Li's portrait at exhibit". China Internet Information Center. 22 July 2016.
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