Order of the Rising Sun

The Order of the Rising Sun (旭日章, Kyokujitsu-shō) is a Japanese order, established in 1875 by Emperor Meiji. The Order was the first national decoration awarded by the Japanese government,[1] created on 10 April 1875 by decree of the Council of State.[2] The badge features rays of sunlight from the rising sun. The design of the Rising Sun symbolizes energy as powerful as the rising sun[3] in parallel with the "rising sun" concept of Japan ("Land of the Rising Sun").

Order of the Rising Sun
旭日章
Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (1st class)
Awarded by the Emperor of Japan
TypeOrder
Awarded formeritorious service to the state
StatusCurrently constituted
SovereignHis Imperial Majesty The Emperor
Grades1st through 8th Class (1875–2003)
Since 2003:
Grand Cordon
Gold and Silver Star (Rays, Principal Grade)
Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon (Cordon, Middle Grade)
Gold Rays with Rosette (Cordon, Junior Grade)
Gold and Silver Rays (Double Rays)
Silver Rays (Single Ray)
Precedence
Next (higher)Order of the Paulownia Flowers
EquivalentOrder of the Sacred Treasure
Order of the Precious Crown

The Order of the Rising Sun is awarded to people who have rendered distinguished service to the state in various fields except military service. Since there is no order for military achievements under the current Japanese system, Japan Self-Defense Forces personnel are awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure for their long engagement in public service.[4] Prior to the end of World War II, it was also awarded for exemplary military service. In 2003, the 7th and 8th Class, which were at the bottom of the Order of the Rising Sun, were abolished, and the upper half of the 1st Class (勲一等, Kun-ittō) was separated as the Order of the Paulownia Flowers, which was higher than the Order of the Rising Sun.[5]

Until 2003, the Order of the Rising Sun was on the same rank as the Order of the Precious Crown, with the Order of the Rising Sun being for men only and the Order of the Precious Crown for women only.[6] The Order of the Sacred Treasure was treated as an order of slightly lower rank than the Order of the Rising Sun and the Order of the Precious Crown. For example, the 1st class of the Order of the Sacred Treasure was placed between the 1st class and the 2nd class of the Order of the Rising Sun and the Order of the Precious Crown, and the 2nd class of the Order of the Sacred Treasure was placed between the 2nd class and the 3rd class of the Order of the Rising Sun and the Order of the Precious Crown.[6]

Since 2003, the Order of the Rising Sun has been awarded not only to men but also to women, and the Order of the Precious Crown has become a special order given only to female members of the imperial family in Japan and female members of royal families in foreign countries, only when it is specifically necessary for diplomatic ceremonies.[6] The Order of the Rising Sun and the Order of the Sacred Treasure became the same rank of orders,[6] and one of them came to be awarded because of the difference in the viewpoint of contribution to the state.[7] The Order of the Rising Sun is awarded with an emphasis on achievements to the state, and the Order of the Sacred Treasure is awarded with an emphasis on long-term public service.[8]

While it is the third highest order bestowed by the Japanese government, it is however generally the highest ordinarily conferred order. The highest Japanese order, the Order of the Chrysanthemum, is reserved for heads of state or royalty, while the second highest order, the Order of the Paulownia Flowers, is mostly reserved for politicians.

The modern version of this honour has been conferred on non-Japanese recipients beginning in 1981 (although several foreigners were given the honor before World War II).[9] The awarding of the Order is administered by the Decoration Bureau of the Cabinet Office headed by the Japanese Prime Minister. It is awarded in the name of the Emperor and can be awarded posthumously.

Since 2003, the number representing rank included in the official name of the order was removed. As a result, although numbers representing ranks were sometimes used in common names, the formal names such as 勲一等 (Kun-ittō, First Class) and 勲二等 (Kun-nitō, Second Class) were no longer used.[7]

Criteria for awarding
US Navy Admiral Dennis C. Blair (2002). He was awarded the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (1st class) for his contribution to the stability and development of the international community.

The Order of the Rising Sun is awarded to the following;[10]

  • A person who has contributed to the stability and development of the international community.
  • A person who has contributed to the realization of appropriate tax payment.
  • A person who has contributed to the promotion of school education or social education.
  • A person who has contributed to the promotion of culture or sports.
  • A person who has contributed to the promotion of science and technology.
  • A person who has contributed to the improvement and promotion of social welfare.
  • A person who has contributed to the improvement and promotion of the health or public health of citizens.
  • A person who has contributed to the improvement of the working environment for workers.
  • A person who has contributed to environmental conservation.
  • A person who is engaged in the business of agriculture, forestry, fisheries, commerce, mining, industry, information and communications industry, construction industry, real estate industry, finance and insurance industry, service industry, etc., and has contributed to the public interest by developing the economy and industry.
  • A person who has contributed to the public interest by engaging in the services of an attorney, certified public accountant, patent attorney, etc.
  • A person who has contributed to the public interest by engaging in the work of newspapers, broadcasting or other news reporting.
  • A person who has engaged in a public interest business such as Electricity Business, Gas Business, Transportation Business, etc. and has contributed to the promotion of public welfare.
  • A person other than those listed in the preceding items who has contributed to the public interest.

Among them, regulations on the criteria for awarding orders to those who belong to the National Diet, the central and local governments, and courts stipulate in detail which ranks are awarded for each position. For example, the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (1st class) is awarded to a person who has made outstanding achievements in his/her position as Prime Minister, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President of the House of Councillors, or Chief Justice of Japan. The Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (1st class) or the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Rays (2nd class) are awarded to a person who has made outstanding achievements in his/her position as Minister of State, Deputy Chief Cabinet Secretary, Senior Vice-Minister, Vice Speaker of the House of Representatives, Vice President of the House of Councilors, or Judge of the Supreme Court.[11]

Classes

The Order was awarded in nine classes until 2003, when the Grand Cordon with Paulownia Flowers was made a separate order, and the lowest two classes were abolished. Since then, it has been awarded in six classes. Conventionally, a diploma is prepared to accompany the insignia of the order, and in some rare instances, the personal signature of the Emperor will have been added. As an illustration of the wording of the text, a translation of a representative 1929 diploma says:

By the grace of Heaven, Emperor of Japan, seated on the throne occupied by the same dynasty from time immemorial,

We confer the Second Class of the Imperial Order of Meiji upon Henry Waters Taft, a citizen of the United States of America and a director of the Japan Society of New York, and invest him with the insignia of the same class of the Order of the Double Rays of the Rising Sun, in expression of the good will which we entertain towards him.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hand and caused the Grand Seal of State to be affixed at the Imperial Palace, Tokyo, this thirteenth day of the fifth month of the fourth year of Shōwa, corresponding to the 2,589th year from the accession to the throne of Emperor Jimmu."[12]

Insignia

The star for the Grand Cordon and Second Class is a silver star of eight points, each point having three alternating silver rays; the central emblem is identical to the badge. It is worn on the left chest for the Grand Cordon, on the right chest for the 2nd Class.

The badge for the Grand Cordon to Sixth Classes is an eight-pointed badge bearing a central red enamelled sun disc, with gilt points (1st–4th Classes), with four gilt and four silver points (5th Class), or with silver points (6th Class); each point comprises three white enamelled rays. It is suspended from three enamelled paulownia leaves (not chrysanthemum leaves as the Decoration Bureau page claims) on a ribbon in white with red border stripes, worn as a sash from the right shoulder for the Grand Cordon, as a necklet for the 2nd and 3rd Classes and on the left chest for the 4th to 6th Classes (with a rosette for the 4th Class).

The badge for the Seventh and Eighth Classes consisted of a silver medal in the shape of three paulownia leaves, enamelled for the 7th Class and plain for the 8th Class. Both were suspended on a ribbon, again in white with red border stripes, and worn on the left chest. Both classes were abolished in 2003 and replaced by the Order of the Paulownia Flowers, a single-class order that now ranks above the Order of the Rising Sun.

  • Separated into higher order in 2003. (Upper half of the 1st Class before 2003)
  • Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (1st class)
  • The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star (2nd class)
  • The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon (3rd class)
  • The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette (4th class)
  • The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Rays (5th class)
  • The Order of the Rising Sun, Silver Rays (6th class)
  • 7th Class (Abolished in 2003)
  • 8th Class (Abolished in 2003)

Notable recipients
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

1st Class, Grand Cordon

2nd Class, Gold and Silver Star

  • Mohammad Hossein Adeli (1953–), 2014[92]
  • Salem Ben Nasser Al-Ismaily, 2017[93]
  • Momofuku Ando (1910–2007), 2002[94]
  • Jaime Zóbel de Ayala (1934–), 2018[95]
  • Zeti Akhtar Aziz (1947–), 2017[96]
  • Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwano X (1946–), 2022[97]
  • Arden L. Bement, Jr. (1932–), 2009[28][30]
  • Jagdish Bhagwati (1934–), 2006[98]
  • Henryka Bochniarz(1947–), 2010[99]
  • Louis Bols (1867–1930), 1921[16]
  • Gustave Emile Boissonade (1825–1910), 1876[100]
  • Donald Prentice Booth (1902–1993), 1961[101][102]
  • Georges Hilaire Bousquet (1846–1937), 1898[103]
  • Jules Brunet (1838–1911)
  • Horace Capron (1804–1885), 1884[104]
  • Chang Yung-fa (1927–2016), 2012[105]
  • Rita R. Colwell (1934–), 2005[106]
  • William Douglas Crowder, 2008[107]
  • Gerald Curtis, 2005[108]
  • Marzuki Darusman, 2017[109][110]
  • Sir Joseph Dimsdale (1849–1902), 1902[111]
  • Kiin Donarudo, 1993[112]
  • Hugh Elles (1880–1945)[113]
  • José Manuel Entrecanales, 2018[114]
  • Bill Frenzel, 2000[94][115]
  • Thamir Ghadhban (1945–), 2016[38]
  • Thomas Blake Glover (1838–1911), 1908[116]
  • William Reginald Hall (1870–1943)[48]
  • Lionel Halsey (1872–1946)[48]
  • Mazie Hirono (1947– ), 2021[117]
  • Ho Mei-yueh (1951– ), 2021[88]
  • Mohamed Nouri Jouini, (2019)[118]
  • Onkar Singh Kanwar (1942–), 2018
  • Donald Keene (1922–2019), 1973
  • Michael Kirby, 2017[109][110][119]
  • Michał Kleiber, 2012[120]
  • David C. Knapp, (1927–2010)[121]
  • Tommy Koh, 2009[122]
  • Jeffrey Koo, 2012[105]
  • George Trumbull Ladd (1842–1921)[123]
  • Cecil Lambert (1864–1928)[48]
  • Tsung-Dao Lee 2007[124]
  • Charles LeGendre (1830–1899), 1874[125]
  • Wassily Leontief (1905-1999), 1985 [126]
  • Lilia B. de Lima, 2006[127]
  • Predrag Filipov, 2019[128]
  • William Flynn Martin, 2018[129]
  • William R. Merz, 2021[130]
  • Connie Morella (1931–), 2016[131]
  • Riccardo Muti, 2016[132]
  • Thottuvelil Krishna Pillai Ayappan Nair 2015
  • Hideyo Noguchi (1876–1928), 1928[133]
  • George R. Packard 2007[134]
  • Jerzy Pomianowski[135]
  • Randles, Sir John Scurrah (1875–1945)
  • Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao, 2015[136]
  • Rein Raud, 2011[137]
  • Johannis de Rijke (1842–1913)[138]
  • Wilbur L. Ross (1937–), 2015[139]
  • Vsevolod Rudnev (1855–1913), 1907[140]
  • Shyam Saran, 2019[141]
  • Jacob Schiff (1847–1920), 1907[142]
  • William Francis Sempill (1893–1965)[143][144]
  • N. K. Singh (2016)[145]
  • Jouko Skinnari, 2011[146]
  • E. Sreedharan (1932–), 2013[147]
  • Wendell M. Stanley (1904–1971), 1966[148]
  • Michael Ira Sovern 2003[149]
  • Sayidiman Suryohadiprojo (1927–2021), 2012[150]
  • Washington SyCip, 2017[151]
  • Henry W. Taft (1859–1945), 1929[12]
  • Frederick Charles Tudor Tudor (1863–1946)[48]
  • Charles Vaughan-Lee (1867–1928)[48]
  • John Waldron (1909–1975) 1971[152]
  • Bryon Wilfert (1952–), 2011[153]
  • Ernst-Ludwig Winnacker (1941–), 2009[28]
  • Richard J. Wood, 2010[154]
  • Kenkichi Yabashi (1869–1927), 1927[155]
  • Philip Yeo (1946–), 2007[156]
  • Yusron Ihza Mahendra (1958–), 2022[157]
  • Jonathan M. Dorfan (1947–), 2017[158]

3rd Class, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon

  • Craig Agena (1960–), 2014[159]
  • John F. Aiso (1909–1987), 1985[160]
  • Giorgio Amitrano (1957–), 2020 (ceremony held in 2022)[161]
  • James E. Auer, 2009[162]
  • William Hansel Barrow (1936–2020), 2005[163]
  • Edmund Blunden (1896–1974), 1963
  • Ivan Bondarenko, 2012[164]
  • Richard Bowring (1947–), 2013[165]
  • Ben Nighthorse Campbell (1933–), 2011[166]
  • Kent E. Calder, 2014[167]
  • Ion Caramitru, 2017[168]
  • Kirsti Koch Christensen, 2006[169]
  • Albert Diamond Cohen, 2011[153]
  • Jennifer Corbett, 2014[170]
  • Edwin Cranston, 2009[28][171]
  • Rust Macpherson Deming, 2013[172]
  • Rudy Demotte, 2016
  • Michael Donnelly, 2014[173]
  • Ronald P. Dore[174]
  • Todd A. Dozier, 2021[175]
  • Peter Drysdale, 2001[176]
  • Clint Eastwood, 2009[28][177]
  • Gustave Eiffel (1832–1923)
  • Stanisław Filipek, 2006[178]
  • Jack Fujimoto, 2011[179]
  • Robert Garfias, 2005[180]
  • Carol Gluck, 2006[181]
  • William Elliot Griffis (1843–1928), 1926[182]
  • Mahdi Elmandjra, 1986[183]
  • Percival Hall-Thompson (1874–1950)[184]
  • Jochem P. Hanse, 2007[185]
  • Helen Hardacre, 2018[186]
  • James Curtis Hepburn (1815–1911)[187]
  • Judit Hidasi, 2005[188]
  • Yanosuke Hirai (1902–1986), 1972
  • Irene Hirano (1948–2020), 2020[189]
  • John Charles Hoad (1856–1911), 1906[190]
  • Susumu Honjo, 2003[191]
  • Jiro Horikoshi (1903–1982), 1973[192]
  • Bill Hosokawa (1915–2007), 1987[193]
  • John Howes, (1924–2017), 2003[194]
  • Robert Huey, 2019[195]
  • Romuald Huszcza, 2012[196]
  • José Luis Ceacero Inguanzo, 1886
  • Keiichi Ishizaka (1945–2016), 2015[197]
  • Muhammad Nurul Islam (1943–), 2012
  • Jean-François Jarrige (1940–2014)[198]
  • Kanō Jigorō (1860–1938)[199]
  • Otto Hermann Kahn (1867–1934)[200]
  • Kusuma Karunaratne (1940–)[201]
  • Stephen Ira Katz, 2012[202]
  • Dr. Nghiem Vu Khai, 2014[203]
  • Harue Kitamura, 2004[204]
  • Larry Kominz, 2022[205]
  • George Koshi c. 1960[206]
  • George Trumbull Ladd (1842–1921)[207]
  • Miles Wedderburn Lampson (1880–1964)[208]
  • Kuo-Hsiung Lee, 2011[209]
  • Yves Leterme, 2016
  • Carlos Rubio López de la Llave, 2014[210]
  • Norman Macrae (1923–2010), 1988[211]
  • Paul Magnette, 2016
  • William P. Malm, 2020
  • Mike Masaoka, 1968[212]
  • Matthew H. Molloy, 2013[165][213]
  • Kyuzo Mifune (1883–1965), 1964[214]
  • John Milne (1850–1913)[215][216]
  • Earl Miner (1926–2004)[217]
  • Edwin McClellan (1925–2009), 1998[218]
  • Seang Nam, 2020[219]
  • Edward Gage Nelson, 2008[220]
  • Ian Nish, 1991[221]
  • Setsuko Matsunaga Nishi, 2009[28][222]
  • Jeanette Takamura, 2009
  • Dr. Susumu Nisizaki, 2018[223]
  • Jerzy Nowacki, 2008[224]
  • John O'Conor, 2011[225]
  • Peter O'Malley, 2015[226]
  • Dennis M. Ogawa, 2016[227]
  • Taiichi Ohno, 1982[228]
  • Janusz Onyszkiewicz, 2019[229]
  • Piotr Paleczny, 2019[229]
  • T.J. Pempel, 2022[230]
  • Susan Pharr, 2008[231]
  • Umberto Pineschi, 2009[28]
  • Lee Poh Ping, 2010[232]
  • John Powles, 2008[233][234]
  • Pyle, Kenneth B. 1999[235][236]
  • John Mark Ramseyer, 2018[237]
  • Sadia Rashid, 2019[238]
  • Dzulkifli Abdul Razak, 2019[239]
  • Jacob Raz, 2006[240]
  • Rustum Roy, 2002[241]
  • David Rowe-Beddoe, 2008[242]
  • David Russell, 2010[243]
  • Raaj Kumar Sah, 2017[244][245]
  • Emiko "Emily" Sano, 2008[246][247][248]
  • Wolfgang Sauerwein (1952–), 2020
  • Isaac Shapiro (1931–), 2006[249]
  • David Bowman Schneder, 1936[250]
  • Edward Seidensticker, 1975[251]
  • Go Seigen aka Wu Qing Yuan (1914–2014), 1987[252]
  • John Stich, 2021
  • William Forbes-Sempill[253]
  • Shinichi Suzuki (1898–1998), c. 1970[254]
  • George Tanabe, Jr., 2013[255]
  • Ichimatsu Tanaka (1895–1983), 1967
  • Tadao Tannaka (1908–1986), 1980[256]
  • Patrick Lennox Tierney, 2007[257]
  • Royall Tyler, 2008[248]
  • István Ujszászy (1894–1948), 1942[258]
  • Joseph K.H. Uy, 1991[259]
  • T. Wayland Vaughan (1870–1952), 1940[260]
  • Rudi Vervoort, 2016
  • Andrzej Wajda, 1995[261]
  • Paul Watanabe, 2017[262][263]
  • Willy Vande Walle, 2006[264]
  • Sam Walsh, 2021[265]
  • R.J. Zwi Werblowsky, 2009[266]
  • Charles Wolf, Jr, 2007[267]
  • Lydia Yu-Jose, 2012[268]

4th Class, Gold Rays with Rosette

  • Hank Aaron (1934–2021), 2016[269]
  • Ferran Adrià (1952–), 2015[270]
  • Toshiko Akiyoshi (1929–), 2004[271]
  • Syed Feroz Alam Shah, 2020
  • Boris Akunin (1956–), 2009[272]
  • Arvydas Ališauskas, 2012[273]
  • Shusaku Arakawa (1936–2010), 2010[274]
  • Martha Argerich (1941–), 2005[275]
  • Charles Aznavour (1924–2018), 2018
  • Kazuhiko Bandoh, 2014[276]
  • Andrej Bekeš, 2008[277]
  • Ilana Singer Blaine (b. 1961), 2021
  • Henry Pike Bowie (1848–1920), 1909[278]
  • James R. Brandon, 1994[279]
  • William Penn Brooks, 1888[280]
  • Bobby Charlton, 2012[281]
  • Tim Clark (historian of Japanese art), 2020[282]
  • Willard G. Clark (1930–2015), 1991[283]
  • David Cope, 2012
  • Charles B. Doleac, Esq., 2011[284]
  • Bogna Barbara Dziechciaruk-Maj, 2009[285]
  • William Elliot Griffis (1843–1928), 1907[182]
  • Kenji Ekuan (1925–2015), 2000[286]
  • Atsuko Toko Fish 2018[287]
  • Fujiko Fujio A (1934–), 2008[288]
  • Glen Gondo, 2013[289]
  • Ted Goossen, 2018[290]
  • Mohammad Hatta (1902–1980), 1943
  • Reiko Hayama (1933–), 2011
  • Steven Heine (1950–), 2007[291]
  • Asao Hirano (1926–2019), 2001[292]
  • Terumasa Hino (1942–), 2019[293]
  • Michael Arnold Hodgkin, 2019[294]
  • William Imbrie (1845–1928), 1909[295]
  • Iskandar Jalil, 2015
  • Randall Sidney Jones, 2015[296]
  • Rena Kanokogi (1935-2009), 2008[297]
  • Gō Katō (1938–2018), 2008[288]
  • Kihachirō Kawamoto (1925–2010), 1995[298]
  • George Kerr (1937–), 2010[299]
  • Keisuke Kinoshita (1912–1998), 1984[300]
  • Sachi Koto (1951– ), 2021[301]
  • Włodzimierz Kwieciński (1955–), 2012[302]
  • Tommy Lasorda (1927–2021), 2008[303]
  • Liao I-chiu (1936–), 2014[304]
  • Charles Von Loewenfeldt, 1987[305]
  • Alfred Majewicz, 2002[306]
  • Leiji Matsumoto, 2010[307]
  • Hazel McCallion, 2014[308]
  • Rokusaburo Michiba, 2007[309]
  • Frank A. Miller, 1929[310]
  • Shiro Floyd Mori, 2012[311]
  • Raymond Moriyama (1928–), 2003[312]
  • Kent Nagano, 2008[313]
  • Masaya Nakamura (1925–2017), 2007[314]
  • Olivia Newton-John (1948–2022), 2021[52]
  • Hideyo Noguchi (1876–1928), 1915[315]
  • Krystyna Okazaki, 2007[18]
  • David Ono, 2022[316]
  • Ivica Osim, 2016[317]
  • Daniel Ost, 2015[318]
  • Kenneth Oye, 2018[319]
  • Edwina Palmer, 2018[320]
  • Takao Saito, 2010[321]
  • Frederik L. Schodt, 2009[28][322]
  • David Bowman Schneder, 1917[323]
  • Peter Schreier, 2019[324]
  • Dr. Manmohan Singh, 2007[325]
  • George Shima (1864–1926)[326]
  • Tatsuzo Shimaoka (1919–2007), 1999[327]
  • Setsuko Shinoda (1955–), 2020[328]
  • Joseph Bower Siddall (1840–1904), 1909[329]
  • Dragan Stojković (1965–), 2015[330]
  • Sukarno (1901–1970), 1943
  • Koichi Sugiyama (1931–2021), 2018[331]
  • Hiroshi Tachi (1950–), 2020[332]
  • George Takei (1937–), 2004[333]
  • Kip Tokuda (1946–2013), 2012[334]
  • Masanobu Tsuji (1902–1961), 1942[335]
  • George Tsutakawa (1910–1997), 1981[336]
  • Morihei Ueshiba (1883–1969), 1964[337]
  • Raymond S. Uno, 2014[338]
  • H. Paul Varley (1931–2015), 1966[339]
  • The Ventures, 2010[340]
  • Sadao Watanabe (1933–), 2005[341]
  • Tetsuya Watari (1941–2020), 2013[342]
  • William Scott Wilson (1944–), 2015[343]
  • Teruaki Yamagishi (1934–), 2008[344]
  • Ian Michael Scher, 2021[345]

5th Class, Gold and Silver Rays

  • Takami Hibiya (1909-1993) 1981
  • Shyamala Ganesh, 2021
  • Miyazaki Atsuo (1947–), 2021
  • Dick Beyer (1930–2019), 2017
  • Vytautas Dumčius, 2016[346]
  • Douglas Erber, 2021[347]
  • Dr. Rupert Faulkner (Victoria & Albert Museum), 2020
  • George Geddie (1869–1961), 1907
  • Toshihiro Hamano, 2017[348]
  • Frances Hashimoto (1943–2012), 2012[349]
  • Jan Kowalewski (1892–1965), 1923[350]
  • Kira Liscutín Córdova de Abreu (?–), 2021[351]
  • Glenn Masuo Masunaga (1925–2019), 1999[352]
  • Lori Matsukawa (1956– ), 2022[353]
  • Soleiman Mehdizadeh (1955– ), 2012[354]
  • Kenzo Mori (1914–2007), 2007[355]
  • Shōshin Nagamine (1907–1997), 1982
  • Roy Masahiro Nagata, 2005
  • Shūgorō Nakazato (1920–2016), 2007
  • Kiyoshi Nishiyama (1893–1983), 1977[356]
  • Steere Noda, 1968[357]
  • Jun Noguchi, 2011[358]
  • Hironori Ōtsuka (1892–1982), 1966[359]
  • Sumitra Peries (1934–), 2021
  • Vincenzo Ragusa (1841–1927), 1884
  • Major Douglas Estment Randall, MC (1891–1926), 1925[360][361]
  • Antone Rosa (1855–1898), 1884[362]
  • Inés Sánchez (1931– ), 2012[363]
  • Buster Sefor (1941–), 2011* Low Thian Seng, 2015[364]
  • Garrett Serikawa (1932–2019), 2016[365]
  • Doreen Simmons (1932–2018), 2017[366]
  • Yosihiko H. Sinoto (1924–2017), 1995[367]
  • Alfred Russell Stone (1902–1954), 1954
  • James Takemori (1926–2015), 2004[368]
  • Seiichi Tanaka (1968– ), 2013[369]
  • Alicia Terada, 2017[370]
  • Rudolf Teusler (1876–1934)[371]
  • Ted Tsukiyama (1920–2019), 2001[372]
  • Ronald Stewart Watt (1947– ), 2010[340]
  • Shuji Yagi (Shuho Bon Yagi), 2019
  • Akira Yoshizawa (1911–2005), 1983[373]
  • Br. Jude McKenna OFM Cap (1935– ), 2019.[374]
  • Abdullah Ibrahim (1934– ), 2020.[375]
  • William Wheeler (1851–1932), 1924[376][377]

6th Class, Silver Rays

  • Henry Hajimu Fujii (1886–1976), 1971[378]
  • Bolesław Orliński (1899–1992), 1926[178]
  • Fudeko Reekie, 2013[379]
  • John Wilson (Captain) (1851–1899), 1895
  • Kuniichi Iwata (Specialist) (1919–2014), 1995
  • Yun Chi-sung (1875–1936), 1905[380]
  • Fadi Aoun / Lebanon (2022)[381]

7th Class, Green Paulownia Leaves Medal

In 2003, the 7th and 8th levels – named for leaves of the Paulownia tree, long used as a mon (emblem) for the highest levels of Japanese society – were moved to a new and distinct order, the single-class Order of the Paulownia Flowers.[5]

8th Class, white Paulownia Leaves Medal

In 2003, the 7th and 8th levels – named for leaves of the Paulownia tree, long used as a mon (emblem) for the highest levels of Japanese society – were moved to a new and distinct order, the single-class Order of the Paulownia Flowers.[5]

Class unknown

  • Aung San (1915–1947)[94]
  • Beneš, Edvard (1884–1948), 1928
  • Ralph T. Browning (1941–2018)[383]
  • Burzagli, Ernesto (1873–1944), 1906[384]
  • Henry Clews (Awarded 1908)[385]
  • Craig, Albert M. (1988)[386]
  • de Bary, William Theodore (1993)[387]
  • Eichelberger, Robert Lawrence (1886–1961)[388]
  • Ellis, Alfred John (1915–2020), 1989[389]
  • Fortescue, Granville Roland (1875–1952)[390]
  • Gibney, Frank B. (1924–2006), 1976[391]
  • Józef Gieysztor[392]
  • Grondijs, Louis (1878–1961)
  • Hosoya, Judayu (1840–1907)
  • Ibrahim, Sultan of Johor (1873–1959)
  • Knott, Cargill G. (1856–1922), 1891[393]
  • Joy Kogawa (Awarded 2010)
  • Wiesław Kotański, 1986[394]
  • Kunz, George Frederick (1856–1932)
  • Charles de Limburg Stirum (1906–1989)
  • Henryk Lipszyc, 1992[395]
  • McKenzie, Lionel W. (1995)
  • Morrison, George F. (1867–1943)
  • Musa Ghiatuddin Riayat Shah, Sultan of Selangor (1893–1955)
  • Ozaki Yukio (1858–1954)[396]
  • Paine, Godfrey (1871–1932), 1918[397]
  • Patrick, Hugh Talbot 1994[398]
  • Raymond, Rossiter W. (1840–1918)
  • Takamine Hideo (1854–1910)
  • Wasson, James R. (1847–1923), 1874[399]
  • Franciszek Ziejka[400]
  • Ivan Ivanovich Zarubin (1822–1902), 1881[401]

See also
  • Order of merit: A list of orders by various states
  • Systems of other states:

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  224. www.ideo.pl, Ideo Sp. z o.o. "Dr Jerzy Nowacki uhonorowany japońskim orderem państwowym – Aktualności o polskiej nauce, badaniach, wydarzeniach, polskich uczelniach i instytutach badawczych". www.naukawpolsce.pap.pl. Archived from the original on 9 January 2016.
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  241. "Rustum Roy, vita for health groups". Rustum Roy. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
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  252. Xunzhi, Luo (17 September 2014). "Long Way to Go: Japan celebrates 100th birthday of Chinese Go Master". Macao Magazine. macaulink. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
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  260. "Vaughan, Thomas - Biography". www.pwrc.usgs.gov.
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  267. Pike, John. "Situation Report – Charles Wolf, Jr". sitrep.globalsecurity.org.
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  271. "Toshiko Akiyoshi". National Endowment for the Arts. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
  272. "Библиотека изображений "РИА Новости" :: Галерея". Visualrian.com. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  273. Founder of center for Japonology in Lithuania, first Japanese translator, Japanese teacher and popularizer of Japanese culture in Lithuania Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
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  275. "Martha Argerich - IMG Artists" Archived 26 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine
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  279. Jortner, David; Foley, Kathy (Fall 2001). "James R. Brandon". Asian Theatre Journal. University of Hawai'i Press. 28 (2): 350. JSTOR 41306497.
  280. "UMass Presidents William Penn Brooks". Massachusetts.edu. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  281. "Sir Bobby Charlton awarded Japanese Order". jfa.or.jp. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
  282. "Japanese Government honours Mr Timothy Thorburn Clark".
  283. http://www.fresnobee.com/entertainment/performing-arts/donald-munro/article46549670.html#storylink=cpy
  284. "President and founder, Japan-America Society of New Hampshire and founder, Portsmouth Peace Treaty Forum". Archived from the original on 22 January 2012.
  285. "Odznaczenie rządu japońskiego dla pani Bogny Barbary Dziechciaruk-Maj, dyrektor Muzeum Sztuki i Techniki Japońskiej Manggha". www.japonia.org.pl.
  286. "Japanese designer behind iconic soy sauce bottle dies at 85". ABS-CBN Corporation. 9 February 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2015.
  287. Brown, Lillian (14 November 2018). "Atusuko Toko Fish receives prestigious award from the emperor of Japan". The Boston Globe. pp. B12. Retrieved 21 March 2022.
  288. "More than 4,000 people, including 75 foreigners, to be decorated". 3 November 2008.
  289. Glentzer, Molly (6 May 2013). "Japanese government honors Glen Gondo". Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  290. "York University Professor Conferred the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette" Consulate-General of Japan in Toronto, 2018.
  291. "Recent Awards," Archived 19 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine Florida International University, Asian Studies. 29 April 2007.
  292. Consulate General of Japan in New York, "Government of Japan to Honor Dr. Asao Hirano," Archived 3 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine 2001.
  293. "令和元年春の叙勲" [conferring of decorations in Reiwa 1 (2019) spring] (PDF) (in Japanese). Cabinet Office (Japan). Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  294. Mr. Michael Arnold Hodgkin has been awarded "The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette" for his contribution to promoting friendly relations and mutual understanding between Japan and Australia."2019 Autumn Conferment of Decorations on Foreign Nationals". Embassy of Japan in Australia. 5 November 2019.
  295. "Alumni William (Miller Kisselman) Imbrie, D.D.". The Princeton Seminary Bulletin. 23 (2): 572. 1929.
  296. "Randall Jones Order of the Rising Sun" (PDF). OECD. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
  297. "Consulate General of Japan in New York's Office". Ny.us.emb-japan.go.jp. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  298. "Puppet animation producer dies". The Japan Times. 28 August 2010. Retrieved 29 August 2010.
  299. "British Judo Association". Britishjudo.org.uk. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  300. Honor awarded 1984: Bergan, Ronald. "A satirical eye on Japan: Keisuke Kinoshita, film director; born December 5, 1912; died December 30, 1998," The Guardian (Manchester). 5 January 1999.
  301. "Sachi Koto was conferred the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette", The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, 3 December 2021
  302. "Włodzimierz Kwieciński odznaczony Orderem Wschodzącego Słońca, Złote Promienie z Rozetą"
  303. Lasorda honored by Japan, MLB.com, 3 December 2008
  304. Central News Agency (30 May 2019). "Taiwanese aquatic breeding expert wins Japan's Nikkei Asia Prize". taiwannews.com.tw. Taiwan News. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  305. "Archived copy". scontent-b-sjc.xx.fbcdn.net. Archived from the original on 14 June 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  306. "Alfred F. MAJEWICZ, professor tytularny zwyczajny, doktor habilitowany" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
  307. "Leiji Matsumoto, Shigeru Mizuki Earn Government Honors". Anime News Network. 1 November 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  308. "Mayor Hazel McCallion Awarded the Order of the Rising Sun". City of Mississauga. 10 June 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
  309. "Rokusaburo Michiba". FutureToday Inc. Archived from the original on 7 May 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  310. "Mission Inn Hands on History, Frank A. Miller Order of the Rising Sun". Archived from the original on 28 August 2010.
  311. "Conferral of the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette upon Mr. Shiro Floyd Mori, National Executive Director Emeritus and former National President of the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL)". Embassy of Japan to the United States. 6 November 2012. Archived from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2012.
  312. "Raymond Moriyama receives Award From Emperor of Japan". Canadian Architect. 4 February 2004. Retrieved 9 June 2022.
  313. "Maestro Kent Nagano Awarded Order of the Rising Sun". Consulate-General of Japan in San Francisco. 7 December 2008. Archived from the original on 13 May 2012.
  314. NAMCO AMERICA INC – Masaya Nakamura receives prestigious award Archived 23 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine coinopTODAY.com, 25 October 2007 (retrieved 2007-25-10)
  315. Honor awarded 1915: Kita, Atsushi (2005). Dr. Noguchi's Journey: A Life of Medical Search and Discovery, p. 196.
  316. Muranaka, Gwen (1 March 2022), "Ono Emotional at Conferment Ceremony", Rafu Shimpo
  317. "Ivica Osim dobio priznanje vlade Japana". OSLOBODJENJE. 24 July 2013.
  318. "Embassy of Japan in Belgium". www.be.emb-japan.go.jp.
  319. "2018 Spring Conferment of Decoration on Foreign Nationals" (PDF).
  320. "The Conferral of the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette upon Dr Edwina Palmer" (PDF) (Press release). Wellington, New Zealand: Embassy of Japan in New Zealand. 3 November 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
  321. "Golgo 13's Saito, Sunset on 3rd St.'s Saigan Win Medals". Anime News Network. 28 April 2010. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
  322. Anime News Network: "Frederik L. Schodt Wins The Order of the Rising Sun Award," 29 April 2009.
  323. Pierson, Delvan L. (1918). The Missionary Review of the World, January to December 1917. pp. xiv.
  324. https://www.mofa.go.jp/files/000533919.pdf
  325. "Embassy of Japan in India: Press Releases from the Embassy". www.in.emb-japan.go.jp.
  326. Yoshimura, Toshio. (1981). George Shima, Potato King and Lover of Chinese Classics, p. 53.
  327. Honor awarded 1999: Whiting, David. "Obituary: Tatsuzo Shimaoka; Japanese potter steeped in folk traditions who became a cultural ambassador," The Guardian (Manchester). 17 January 2008.
  328. "春の褒章660人・22団体 落語家の春風亭小朝さんら" [Decorations in spring: 660 people and 22 organizations] (in Japanese). Cabinet Office (Japan). 28 April 2020. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  329. "Image gallery: medal". British Museum.
  330. "Piksi za "Blic": Meni orden, Srbiji priznanje". Blic. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  331. Komatsu, Mikikazu. "Dragon Quest Composer Koichi Sugiyama Receives The Order of the Rising Sun Award". Crunchy Roll. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
  332. "舘ひろしが旭日小綬章を受章「思いもかけぬ栄誉」" [Hiroshi Tachi receives Order of the Rising Sun]. Nikkan Sports. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
  333. "George Takei, bio notes". Georgetakei.com. Archived from the original on 22 September 2001. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
  334. "Former Washington State Lawmaker Kip Tokuda Dies at 66", Rafu Shimpo, 18 July 2013
  335. Honor awarded 1942: Tsuji, Masanobu. (1997). Japan's Greatest Victory, Britain's Worst Defeat, p. 108.
  336. Tarzan Ament, Deloris (15 March 2003). "Tsutakawa, George (1910–1997)". Historylink.org.
  337. Honor conferred 1964: North Austin Tae Kwan Do: "Chronology of the Life of Morihei Ueshiba, Founder of Aikido."
  338. "Japan Imperial Decoration The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette conferred upon Judge Raymond S. Uno, Former President of National Japanese American Citizens League (JACL)".
  339. Honor awarded 1996: Columbia University, Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures, Faculty Profiles
  340. Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan): 2010 Spring Conferment of Decorations on Foreign Nationals, p. 8.
  341. Sadao Watanabe official website: biography Archived 14 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  342. "秋の叙勲、渡哲也さんら4193人 旭日大綬章に御手洗氏" [2013 Autumn medal] (in Japanese). The Nikkei. 3 November 2013. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  343. "Conferral of the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette, upon translator William Scott Wilson" (PDF). Consulate-General of Japan in Miami. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
  344. http://www.yamagishi.com.br Archived 26 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  345. "Spring Conferment of Decoration from Japan The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette, Mr. Ian Michael Scher" (PDF). Embassy of Japan in South Africa. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
  346. "Apdovanojimas : Embassy of Japan in Lithuania". www.lt.emb-japan.go.jp.
  347. "Consulate-General of Japan in Los Angeles".
  348. "平成29年春の叙勲" (PDF). www8.cao.go.jp.
  349. Endo, Ellen (5 November 2012). "Mikwaya CEO Hashimoto Passes at 69". Rafu Shimpo. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
  350. Gronczewska, Anna (13 November 2009). "Szyfrant, który sprawił cud".
  351. "Kira Liscutín Córdova de Abreu recibe la Condecoración del "Orden del Sol Naciente, Rayos de Oro y Plata"".
  352. "Scholarships Top a Record $1 Million; Banquet Honors Generous Donors | School of Dentistry".
  353. "Lori Matsukawa, Tom Sasaki Win Imperial Awards", North American Post, 22 May 2022
  354. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan; 2012 Autumn Conferment of Decorations on Foreign Nationals, p. 6.
  355. Cordileone, Elvira. "Kenzo Mori: An impact on two shores," The Star (Toronto). 22 January 2007.
  356. Unpaginated editors' chronology appended to Kiyoshi Nishiyama, Shunkō shūshoku (春光秋色) / Seasonal Aspects of Japan (Tokyo: Asahi Sonorama, 1979) (in Japanese and English).
  357. Chinen, Karleen C. (2012). Hawaii's AJA Pioneers: One hundred profiles commemorating the centennial of the Hawaii Hochi. Honolulu: Hawaii Hochi. pp. 18–19.
  358. "Was a celebration From Kishida Masuo's official website". 11 February 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2013.(岸田益雄公式ページ - 祝賀会でした)
  359. "和道流空手道連盟". www.wado-ryu.jp. Archived from the original on 7 December 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
  360. "London Gazette issues 33043-p2919".
  361. "Major Douglas Estment Randall, MC". Queensland Family Trees. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  362. Honor awarded 1884: . "The Pacific Commercial Advertiser" (Honolulu). 26 August 1884.
  363. Hernández A., Lysalex (28 November 2012). "Inés Sánchez recibirá condecoración de Japón" [Inés Sánchez to Receive Decoration from Japan]. La Nación (in Spanish). San José. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  364. "Conferment Ceremony of 2015 Autumn Imperial Decorations for Foreign Recipients". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. 4 December 2015. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
  365. "Congratulations to Mr. Garrett Serikawa and Dr. Dennis Ogawa!" (PDF). Legacies. Vol. 23, no. 1. Spring 2017. p. 7.
  366. Scott, Ellen (9 November 2017). "85-year-old Doreen receives prestigious award for her contribution to sumo wrestling". Metro. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
  367. Betty, Lou Kam (14 November 2017), "Remembrance – Aloha Oe to a Pacific Soul, Dr. Yoshiko Sinoto", The Hawaii Herald
  368. Imada, Vaughn (24 August 2015). "2015 Members of USJF Hall of Fame". United States Judo Federation. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  369. "Reception in Honor of Mr. Seiichi Tanaka, Grand Master of San Francisco Taiko Dojo", Consulate-General of Japan in San Francisco, 13 February 2014 Archived 23 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine
  370. "Otra condecoración para la diputada Alicia Terada" (in Spanish). 9 August 2017. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
  371. "Obituary". British Medical Journal. 2 (3844): 496. 1934. PMC 2445123. PMID 20778528.
  372. "Ted Tsukiyama", Discover Nikkei, 2019
  373. Honor awarded 1983: "Origami artist of stunning originality who became an ambassador for Japanese culture and his art". The Times (London). 30 March 2005; Lister, David. "Obituary: Akira Yoshizawa; Japanese craftsman who singlehandedly revived the art of origami," The Guardian (Manchester). 8 April 2005.
  374. "A Missionary Voice from Africa -- Fr. Jude McKenna アフリカからの宣教師の声:ザンビアでの50年間の宣教活動 ジュード・マッケナ神父OFM Cap". YouTube.
  375. "Press Release, Embassy of Japan in South Africa, 29th April, 2020. 2020 Spring Conferment of Decoration from Japan, Abdullah Ibrahim" (PDF). Embassy of Japan in South Africa. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  376. "Wheeler Work in Japan Translated into English | Concord, MA Patch". Patch.com. 7 August 2010. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  377. Tetsuo Takasaki, Hyōden oyatoi Amerikajin seinen kyōshi: Uiriamu Hoīrā = William Wheeler, 1851–1932 (Tōkyō : Kajima Shuppankai, 2004).
  378. Honor awarded on 1971: Henshall, Mary. "Pioneer Portraits: Henry and Fumiko Fujii," Idaho Yesterdays., Spring, 1975, pp. 20–27; Washington State University Libraries: "Furthering friendship between Japan and the United States, April 1971" Archived 9 June 2015 at the Wayback Machine
  379. "Fudeko receives Japan's Order of the Rising Sun". Western Advocate. 29 April 2013. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
  380. "한국사데이터베이스". db.history.go.kr. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  381. Japanese Embassy to Lebanon website
  382. Orliński, Bolesław. "Moje wrażenia z lotu do Tokjo" Lwów 1933, p. 79.
  383. "Browning, Ralph (Tom)". AVHoF.org. 5 Pints Productions. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  384. Honor awarded in 1906: "Cruiser 'Livia' in Kobe to Greet Italians", Osaka Mainichi. 28 July 1922.
  385. Men & Women of America: A Biographical Dictionary of Contemporaries. New York: L.R. Hamersly. 1910. p. 362.
  386. Craig, Albert M. (2010). The heritage of Japanese Civilization. Boston: Prentice Hall. pp. Author Bio. ISBN 978-0-13-600524-7.
  387. Ohio University Libraries. "Scholars and Librarians in East Asian Studies (North America) - William Theodore de Bary". Archived from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  388. "Uncle Bob", Time, 10 September 1945.
  389. "A. John Ellis". Simon Fraser University. Archived from the original on 19 March 2014.
  390. Arlington National Cemetery: Granville Roland Foretscue
  391. Cynthia Peters (4 April 2006). "Frank B. Gibney, 81, One of the Nation's Preeminent Experts on Asia and President of the Pacific Basin Institute at Pomona College, Has Died". Pomona College. Archived from the original on 16 May 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011.
  392. Jeszcze jeden globtroter? Archived 13 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  393. Honor awarded 1891: Penicuik Community Development Trust (UK): Cargill Gilston Knott
  394. Professor Wiesław Kotański (1915–2005) wybitny uczony, japonista, wychowawca pokoleń Archived 24 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  395. "amb. Henryk LIPSZYC" (PDF).
  396. Ozaki, Yukio. (2001). The Autobiography of Ozaki Yukio: The Struggle for Constitutional Government in Japan, p. 393.
  397. Honor awarded 1918: RAF web page
  398. Honor awarded 1994: Weatherhead East Asian Institute, The Reed
  399. Honor awarded 1874: "A Victory for the Chinese; Japanese Driven with Heavy Loss from Ping-yang", The New York Times, 22 August 1894.
  400. emabe.pl (23 October 2011). "WIADOMOŚCI - Spotkanie z prof. Franciszkiem Ziejką".
  401. Russian: «Полный послужной список Корпуса Инженер Механиков Генерал-Майора Зарубина 1-го» (ЦГАВМФ СССР Фонд 406 опись 3 дело 960 лист 21 (оборотный)); English: "A full track record of Mechanical Engineering Corps Major-General Zarubin 1st" (Central State Archive of the Navy of the Soviet Union (Russian State Naval Archives now), Fond 406 inventory 3 file 960 sheet 21 (reverse side))

Further reading
  • Peterson, James W., Barry C. Weaver and Michael A. Quigley (2001). Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States. San Ramon, California: Orders and Medals Society of America. ISBN 1-890974-09-9.
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