Solar eclipse of November 13, 2012

A total solar eclipse took place on 13–14 November 2012 (UTC). Because it crossed the International Date Line it began in local time on November 14 west of the date line over northern Australia, and ended in local time on November 13 east of the date line near the west coast of South America. Its greatest magnitude was 1.0500, occurring only 12 hours before perigee (Perigee on 2012 Nov 14 at 10:11:48 UTC), with greatest eclipse totality lasting just over four minutes. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide.

Solar eclipse of November 13, 2012
Totality as seen from Mount Carbine, Queensland
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma-0.3719
Magnitude1.05
Maximum eclipse
Duration242 sec (4 m 2 s)
Coordinates40°S 161.3°W / -40; -161.3
Max. width of band179 km (111 mi)
Times (UTC)
(P1) Partial begin19:37:58
(U1) Total begin20:35:08
Greatest eclipse22:12:55
(U4) Total end23:48:24
(P4) Partial end0:45:34
References
Saros133 (45 of 72)
Catalog # (SE5000)9536

It was the 45th eclipse of the 133rd Saros cycle, which began with a partial eclipse on July 13, 1219 and will conclude with a partial eclipse on September 5, 2499.

Summary of the Total Solar Eclipse of 13 November 2012

Eclipse Characteristics

Eclipse Magnitude = 1.05004

Eclipse Obscuration = 1.10259

Gamma = -0.37189

Saros Series = 133rd (45 of 72)

Conjunction Times

Greatest Eclipse = 13 Nov 2012 22:11:48.2 UTC (22:12:55.2 TD)

Ecliptic Conjunction = 13 Nov 2012 22:07:59.9 UTC (22:09:06.9 TD)

Equatorial Conjunction = 13 Nov 2012 22:18:04.7 UTC (22:19:11.7 TD)

Geocentric Coordinates of Sun and Moon

Sun right ascension = 15 hours, 18 minutes, 6.7 seconds

Moon right ascension = 15 hours, 17 minutes, 51.2 seconds

Earth's shadow right ascension = 3 hours, 18 minutes, 6.7 seconds

Sun declination = 18 degrees, 15 minutes, 2.6 seconds south of Celestial Equator

Moon declination = 18 degrees, 37 minutes, 29.5 seconds south of Celestial Equator

Earth's shadow declination = 18 degrees, 15 minutes, 2.6 seconds north of Celestial Equator

Sun diameter = 1939.8 arcseconds

Moon diameter = 2004.8 arcseconds

Geocentric Libration of Moon

Latitude: 1.0 degrees south

Longitude: 0.5 degrees east

Direction: 16.5 (NNE)

Visibility

For this eclipse, totality was visible from northern Australia to about 470 km north of the Chilean Juan Fernández Islands in the southern Pacific Ocean where totality ended. The most populous city to experience totality was Cairns, which had around 2 minutes of totality an hour after daybreak (06:39 AEST, 20:39 UTC) with the sun at an altitude of 14°.[1] Norfolk Island, a small Pacific island east of Australia, experienced a partial eclipse with a maximum eclipse of 98% of the sun obscured at 08:37 NFT and an altitude of 42°.

New Zealand experienced a partial eclipse. Auckland had 84.8% of the sun obscured, whereas Wellington, Christchurch and Dunedin respectively had 71.2%, 61.9% and 52.9% of the sun obscured. Maximum eclipse over New Zealand occurred around 10:30 NZDT (21:30 UTC), with Auckland at 10:27, Wellington at 10:34, Christchurch at 10:35 and Dunedin at 10:36.[2][3]

Most of Chile and parts of Argentina saw a partial eclipse at sunset. In some places over half the sun was obscured. In Chile, Talcahuano in Biobío saw 72% obscured, Castro in Los Lagos saw 56% obscured. Chilean coastal locations were ideally situated to observe an eclipsing sunset over the Pacific Ocean. Points further north, up to about Chañaral, saw the eclipse begin as the sun was setting.

West of the International Date Line the eclipse took place on the morning of November 14. The maximum eclipse totality, of duration 4 min 2 sec, occurred east of the International Date Line on November 13, approximately 2,000 km east of New Zealand, and 9,600 km west of Chile.

On the morning of November 14, skies in Auckland were cloudy, obscuring much of the eclipse, which peaked at 10:27 NZDT.[4] Cloud also obscured the moment of totality at Cairns, disappointing many tourists that had flocked to the area. Eclipse chasers along the northern beaches up through to Port Douglas generally got a clear view however.

  • Screenshot of NASA video viewed from northern Australia
  • Totality from Mount Carbine, Queensland, 20:33 UTC
  • Totality from Mount Mulligan, Queensland, 20:39 UTC
  • Totality from Port Douglas, Queensland, 20:40 UTC
  • Totality with Baily's beads in Mossman Gorge, Queensland, 20:40 UTC
  • Totality from Trinity Beach, Queensland, 20:41 UTC
  • Partial from Redcliffe, Queensland, 20:46 UTC
  • Partial from Adelaide, Australia, 20:47 UTC
  • Partial from Brisbane, Australia, 21:07 UTC
  • Partial from Eltham, Victoria, 21:07 UTC
  • Partial from Nouméa, New Caledonia, 21:09 UTC
  • Partial from Melbourne, Australia, 21:12 UTC
  • Partial from Tauranga, New Zealand, 21:23 UTC
  • Partial from Christchurch, New Zealand, 21:29 UTC
  • Eclipse projection from Wellington, New Zealand
  • Progression from Auckland, New Zealand

Eclipses of 2012

Solar eclipses of 2011–2014

This eclipse is a member of the 2011–2014 solar eclipse semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5][Note 1]

Solar eclipse series sets from 2011–2014
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
118

Partial from Tromsø, Norway		 2011 June 01

Partial (north)		 1.21300 123 2011 November 25

Partial (south)		 -1.05359
128

Middlegate, Nevada		 2012 May 20

Annular		 0.48279 133

Cairns, Australia		 2012 November 13

Total		 -0.37189
138

Churchills Head, Australia		 2013 May 10

Annular		 -0.26937 143

Partial from Libreville, Gabon		 2013 November 03

Hybrid		 0.32715
148

Partial from Adelaide, Australia		 2014 April 29

Annular (non-central)		 -0.99996 153

Partial from Minneapolis		 2014 October 23

Partial (north)		 1.09078

Saros 133

Solar Saros 133, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, contains 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on July 13, 1219. It contains annular eclipses from November 20, 1435, through January 13, 1526, with a hybrid eclipse on January 24, 1544. It has total eclipses from February 3, 1562, through June 21, 2373. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on September 5, 2499. The longest duration of totality was 6 minutes, 49.97 seconds on August 7, 1850.[6] The total eclipses of this saros series are getting shorter and farther south with each iteration. All eclipses in this series occurs at the Moon’s ascending node.

Series members 30–56 occur between 1742 and 2211
30 31 32
June 3, 1742 June 13, 1760
June 24, 1778
33 34 35
July 4, 1796 July 17, 1814 July 27, 1832
36 37 38
August 7, 1850
August 18, 1868
August 29, 1886
39 40 41

September 9, 1904
September 21, 1922
October 1, 1940
42 43 44

October 12, 1958
October 23, 1976
November 3, 1994
45 46 47

November 13, 2012
November 25, 2030
December 5, 2048
48 49 50

December 17, 2066
December 27, 2084
January 8, 2103
51 52 53

January 19, 2121
January 30, 2139
February 9, 2157
54 55 56

February 21, 2175
March 3, 2193
March 15, 2211

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Inex series members between 1901 and 2100:

January 14, 1926
(Saros 130)
December 25, 1954
(Saros 131)
December 4, 1983
(Saros 132)

November 13, 2012
(Saros 133)
October 25, 2041
(Saros 134)
October 4, 2070
(Saros 135)

September 14, 2099
(Saros 136)

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

21 eclipse events between June 21, 1982, and June 21, 2058
June 21 April 8–9 January 26 November 13–14 September 1–2
107 109 111 113 115
June 21, 1963 April 9, 1967 January 26, 1971 November 14, 1974 September 2, 1978
117 119 121 123 125

June 21, 1982
April 9, 1986
January 26, 1990
November 13, 1993
September 2, 1997
127 129 131 133 135

June 21, 2001
April 8, 2005
January 26, 2009
November 13, 2012
September 1, 2016
137 139 141 143 145

June 21, 2020
April 8, 2024
January 26, 2028
November 14, 2031
September 2, 2035
147 149 151 153 155

June 21, 2039
April 9, 2043
January 26, 2047
November 14, 2050
September 2, 2054
157

June 21, 2058

Notes
  1. The partial solar eclipses of January 4, 2011 and July 1, 2011 occurred in the previous semester series.

References
  1. "Eclipse Calculator – Solar Eclipses in Cairns, Queensland, Australia". Time and Date AS. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
  2. "Future solar eclipses in New Zealand". Royal Astronomical Society of New Zealand. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
  3. Total Solar Eclipse of 2012 November 14 in Australia Xavier M. Jubier
  4. "New Zealanders treated to solar eclipse". 3 News NZ. 13 November 2012.
  5. van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  6. http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros133.html
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