Greens–European Free Alliance

The Greens/European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) is a political group of the European Parliament composed primarily of green and regionalist political parties.[8][9][10]

The Greens/European
Free Alliance
European Parliament group
NameThe Greens/European Free Alliance
English abbr.Greens/EFA[1]
French abbr.Verts/ALE[2]
Formal nameParliamentary Group of The Greens/European Free Alliance in the European Parliament
IdeologyGreen politics[3]
Regionalism[3]
Minority politics[3]
Pro-Europeanism
Political positionCentre-left[4] to left-wing[5]
European partiesEuropean Green Party
European Free Alliance
European Pirate Party
Volt Europa[6][7]
From1999 (1999)
Preceded byThe Green Group
European Radical Alliance
Chaired byPhilippe Lamberts
Terry Reintke
MEP(s)
72 / 705
Websitegreens-efa.eu
Part of a series on
Green politics
Core topics
Four pillars
Perspectives
  • Bright green environmentalism
  • Deep ecology
  • Ecoauthoritarianism
  • Eco-capitalism
  • Ecofascism
  • Ecofeminism
  • Eco-nationalism
  • Eco-socialism
  • Green anarchism
  • Green conservatism
  • Green left
  • Green liberalism
  • Green libertarianism
  • Green Zionism
  • Social ecology
  • Queer ecology
Organizations
  • Asia Pacific Greens Federation
  • European Green Party
  • Federation of Green Parties of Africa
  • Federation of the Green Parties of the Americas
  • Federation of Young European Greens
  • Global Greens
  • Global Young Greens
Related topics

Formed following the 1999 European elections for the 5th European Parliament, the Greens/EFA group now consists of five distinct European political parties, namely the larger European Green Party (EGP) and part of the European Free Alliance (EFA)[11] and the smaller European Pirate Party (PPEU), Volt Europa (Volt), and part of Animal Politics EU (APEU). The EFA consists of parties representing stateless nations, regionalist and minority political interests. The group has generally limited its membership to progressive parties.[12] These European parties are joined by MEPs from non-aligned national parties, which have included the Dutch Europe Transparent (2004–2009) and the Swedish (2009–2014), German (2014–) and Czech (2019–) Pirate Parties.[13]

Group members

9th European Parliament
Greens–European Free Alliance has MEPs in 15 member states. Dark green indicates member states sending multiple MEPs, light green indicates member states sending a single MEP.
Virginijus Sinkevičius, European Commissioner from Lithuania.
Czech Pirate Party members of the Greens/EFA Markéta Gregorová and Marcel Kolaja
State National party European party MEPs[14]
Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative
Die Grünen – Die Grüne Alternative (Grüne)		 EGP               
3 / 19
Belgium Ecolo EGP
2 / 8
Groen EGP
1 / 12
Czech Republic Czech Pirate Party
Česká pirátská strana (Piráti)		 PPEU
3 / 21
Denmark Green Left
Socialistisk Folkeparti (SF)		 EGP
2 / 14
Finland Green League
Vihreä liitto (Vihr.)		 EGP
3 / 14
France Europe Ecology – The Greens[B 1]
Europe Écologie Les Verts (EELV)		 EGP
10 / 79
Let's Do Corsica
Femu a Corsica (FaC)		 EFA individual member
1 / 79
Independent
Benoît Biteau		 Independent
1 / 79
Germany Alliance 90/The Greens
Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Grüne)		 EGP
21 / 96
Pirate Party Germany
Piratenpartei Deutschland (Piraten)		 PPEU
1 / 96
Ecological Democratic Party
Ökologisch-Demokratische Partei (ÖDP)		 EFA individual member
1 / 96
Volt Germany
Volt Deutschland		 Volt
1 / 96
Independent
Nico Semsrott[15]		 Independent
1 / 96
 Italy Green Europe
Europa Verde - Verdi (EV)		 EGP
1 / 76
Independent
Piernicola Pedicini		 EFA individual member
1 / 76
Independents
Rosa D'Amato, Ignazio Corrao[16]		 Independent
2 / 76
Ireland Green Party
Comhaontas Glas		 EGP
2 / 13
Lithuania Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union
Lietuvos valstiečių ir žaliųjų sąjunga (LVŽS)		 None
2 / 11
Luxembourg The Greens
Déi Gréng (DG)		 EGP
1 / 6
Netherlands GreenLeft
GroenLinks (GL)		 EGP
3 / 29
Poland Independent
Sylwia Spurek		 Independent
1 / 52
Portugal Independent
Francisco Guerreiro		 Independent
1 / 21
Spain Republican Left of Catalonia
Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC)		 EFA
2 / 59
Galician Nationalist Bloc
Bloque Nacionalista Galego (BNG)		 EFA
1 / 59
Catalonia in Common
Catalunya en Comú (CatComú)		 EGP
1 / 59
Sweden Green Party
Miljöpartiet de gröna (MP)		 EGP
3 / 21
 European Union
Total
72 / 705

8th European Parliament
State National party European party MEPs 2014[17]
Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
3 / 18
Belgium Ecolo EGP
1 / 21
Green EGP
1 / 21
Croatia ORaH[B 2] EGP
1 / 11
Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 13
Estonia Indrek Tarand (independent) Independent[18]
1 / 6
Finland Green League EGP
1 / 13
France Europe Ecology – The Greens[B 1] EGP
6 / 74
Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
11 / 96
Pirate Party PPEU
1 / 96
Ecological Democratic Party None
1 / 96
Hungary Politics Can Be Different EGP
1 / 21
Dialogue for Hungary None
1 / 21
Italy Federation of the Greens EGP
1 / 73
Latvia Latvian Russian Union EFA
1 / 8
Lithuania Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union None
1 / 11
Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
2 / 26
Spain Republican Left of Catalonia[B 3] EFA
1 / 54
Initiative for Catalonia Greens EGP
1 / 54
Coalició Compromís EFA
1 / 54
New Catalan Left EFA
1 / 54
Slovenia Verjamem None
1 / 8
Sweden Green Party EGP
4 / 20
United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
3 / 73
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 73
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
1 / 73
 European Union
Total
52 / 751

7th European Parliament
State National party European party MEPs 2009[19]
Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
2 / 19
Belgium Ecolo EGP
2 / 22
Green EGP
1 / 22
New Flemish Alliance[B 4] EFA
1 / 22
Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 13
Estonia Indrek Tarand (independent) Independent[18]
1 / 6
Finland Green League EGP
2 / 13
France Europe Ecology – The Greens[B 1] EGP
15 / 74
Party of the Corsican Nation EFA
1 / 72
Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
14 / 99
Greece Ecologist Greens EGP
1 / 22
Latvia Latvian Russian Union EFA
1 / 9
Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
3 / 26
Spain Republican Left of Catalonia[B 3] EFA
1 / 54
Initiative for Catalonia Greens EGP
1 / 54
Sweden Green Party EGP
2 / 20
Pirate Party PPEU
2 / 20
United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
2 / 73
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 73
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
1 / 73
 European Union
Total
55 / 751

6th European Parliament
State National party European party MEPs 2004
Austria The Greens – The Green Alternative EGP
2 / 19
Belgium Ecolo EGP
1 / 24
Green EGP
1 / 24
Denmark Socialist People's Party EGP
1 / 14
Finland Green League EGP
1 / 14
France Europe Ecology – The Greens[B 1] EGP
6 / 78
Party of the Corsican Nation EFA
1 / 78
Germany Alliance '90/The Greens EGP
13 / 99
Italy Federation of the Greens EGP
2 / 78
Latvia Latvian Russian Union EFA
1 / 9
Luxembourg The Greens EGP
1 / 6
Netherlands GreenLeft EGP
2 / 23
Europe Transparent None
2 / 23
Romania László Tőkés (independent)[B 5] Independent
1 / 35
Spain Republican Left of Catalonia[B 3] EFA
1 / 54
Initiative for Catalonia Greens EGP
1 / 54
Sweden Green Party EGP
1 / 19
United Kingdom Green Party of England and Wales EGP
2 / 78
Scottish National Party EFA
2 / 78
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales EFA
1 / 78
 European Union
Total
42 / 751
    1. For 2019 it include Benoît Biteau, an independent politician
    2. From 20 April 2016 the MEP Davor Škrlec become independent
    3. Until 31 December 2011.
    4. From 2004 to 2009 with EPP-ED and from 2014 with ECR
    5. Realigned with the EPP since 2009

    Group presidents

    The Greens/EFA group is usually co-chaired by 2 presidents, at least one of them must be a woman.

    Legislature Co-president National party Co-president National party
    1999–2004 Paul Lannoye Ecolo Heidi Hautala Green League
    2004–2009 Daniel Cohn-Bendit Alliance 90/The Greens Monica Frassoni Federation of the Greens
    2009–2014 Daniel Cohn-Bendit Europe Écologie Les Verts Rebecca Harms Alliance 90/The Greens
    2014–2016 Philippe Lamberts Ecolo Rebecca Harms Alliance 90/The Greens
    2016-2022 Philippe Lamberts Ecolo Ska Keller Alliance 90/The Greens
    since 2022 Philippe Lamberts Ecolo Terry Reintke Alliance 90/The Greens

    European Parliament results
    Election year No. of
    overall seats won    		 +/–
    1999
    48 / 626
    		 48
    2004
    42 / 732
    		 6
    2009
    55 / 736
    		 13
    2014
    50 / 751
    		 5
    2019 (pre-Brexit)
    74 / 751
    [20]    		 24
    2019 (post-Brexit)
    69 / 705
    		 5

    References
    1. "Who we are". Archived 18 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Greens-efa.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
    2. "Qui sommes-nous ?" Archived 23 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Greens-efa.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
    3. Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "European Union". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 8 June 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
    4. "The Greens – The Green Alternative". The Democratic Society. 3 February 2014. Archived from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
    5. "Austrian government teeters as Greens seek options to oust PM Kurz". Reuters. 8 October 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
    6. @EuropeElects (9 June 2019). "EU28: Volt Europa membership vote on..." (Tweet) – via Twitter.
    7. Petitjean, Euranet Plus News Agency | Sophie (12 June 2019). "Volt Europa : "We need European solutions to European problems"".
    8. Tapio Raunio (2012). "Political Interests: The European Parliament's Party Groups". In John Peterson; Michael Shackleton (eds.). The Institutions of the European Union. Oxford University Press. p. 341. ISBN 978-0-19-957498-8.
    9. Andreas Staab (2011). The European Union Explained, Second Edition: Institutions, Actors, Global Impact. Indiana University Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-253-00164-1.
    10. Lori Thorlakson (2013). "Federalism and the European Party System". In Alexander H. Trechsel (ed.). Towards a Federal Europe. Taylor & Francis. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-317-99818-1.
    11. "Who we are". Greens-efa.eu. Archived 18 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine
    12. Gupta, Devashree (April 2008). "Nationalism across borders: transnational nationalist advocacy in the European Union". Comparative European Politics. 6 (1): 61–80. doi:10.1057/palgrave.cep.6110127. S2CID 144152782.
    13. "VoteWatch Europe: European Parliament, Council of the EU" Archived 10 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Votewatch.eu. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
    14. See the 2019 European Parliament election results.
    15. "Humorlose Erklärung, warum ich aus Die PARTEI austrete" (in German). 13 January 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2021.
    16. "M5S, i quattro eurodeputati scissionisti accolti nel gruppo dei Verdi al Parlamento Ue" (in Italian). 9 December 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
    17. See the 2014 European Parliament election results.
    18. "Indrek Tarand". European Parliament. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
    19. "List of elected MEPs". Greens-efa.eu. Archived 9 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine
    20. "2019 Election Results". Election-Results.eu. Retrieved 26 May 2019.
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