969

Year 969 (CMLXIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 969th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 969th year of the 1st millennium, the 69th year of the 10th century, and the 10th and last year of the 960s decade.

Millennium: 1st millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
969 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar969
CMLXIX
Ab urbe condita1722
Armenian calendar418
ԹՎ ՆԺԸ
Assyrian calendar5719
Balinese saka calendar890–891
Bengali calendar376
Berber calendar1919
Buddhist calendar1513
Burmese calendar331
Byzantine calendar6477–6478
Chinese calendar戊辰年 (Earth Dragon)
3665 or 3605
     to 
己巳年 (Earth Snake)
3666 or 3606
Coptic calendar685–686
Discordian calendar2135
Ethiopian calendar961–962
Hebrew calendar4729–4730
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1025–1026
 - Shaka Samvat890–891
 - Kali Yuga4069–4070
Holocene calendar10969
Iranian calendar347–348
Islamic calendar358–359
Japanese calendarAnna 2
(安和2年)
Javanese calendar870–871
Julian calendar969
CMLXIX
Korean calendar3302
Minguo calendar943 before ROC
民前943年
Nanakshahi calendar−499
Seleucid era1280/1281 AG
Thai solar calendar1511–1512
Tibetan calendar阳土龙年
(male Earth-Dragon)
1095 or 714 or −58
     to 
阴土蛇年
(female Earth-Snake)
1096 or 715 or −57

Events

Byzantine Empire

  • October 28 Siege of Antioch: Byzantine general Michael Bourtzes (during a night attack) seizes part of Antioch's fortifications. The capture of the city from the Hamdanids is completed three days later, when reinforcements under the stratopedarches Peter Phokas arrive. The Byzantine army then moves deeper into Syrian territory — besieging and taking the city of Aleppo.
  • December 11 Emperor Nikephoros II is murdered in the royal palace of Boukoleon at Constantinople after a 6-year reign. Former friends have acted on the instructions of his wife Theophano.[1] Nikephoros is succeeded by his nephew John I Tzimiskes, who becomes co-emperor and regent. He sends Theophano into exile to the island of Prinkipo (Prince Islands).

Europe

  • Peter I, emperor (tsar) of the Bulgarian Empire, suffers a stroke and abdicates the throne in favour of his eldest son Boris II. He arrives (after being an honorary hostage at Constantinople) in Preslav and is proclaimed as the new ruler. Boris regains lost territory from the Kievan Rus' and recaptures Pereyaslavets, an important trade city at the mouth of the Danube.[2]
  • Summer Grand Prince Sviatoslav I invades Bulgaria at the head of a Kievan army, which includes Pecheneg and Hungarian auxiliary forces. He defeats the Bulgarians in a major battle and retakes Pereyaslavets. Boris II capitulates and impales 300 Bulgarian boyars for disloyalty. Sviatoslav assigns garrisons to the conquered fortresses in Northern Bulgaria.[3]
  • Pandulf I (Ironhead), duke of Benevento and Capua, leads the siege of Bovino. He is captured by the Byzantines and taken in chains to Bari, and jailed in Constantinople. Neapolitan forces under Marinus II, duke of Naples, invade Benevento-Capua, capture the city of Avellino and then lay siege to Capua.[4]
  • Emperor Otto I (the Great) assembles a large expeditionary force at Pavia, joined by Spoletan troops. He counter-attacks, relieves the siege of Capua and devastates the area around Naples. Otto enters Benevento, where he is received as 'liberator' by Landulf IV and in the cities of Apulia (Southern Italy).

Africa

  • Summer Fatimid conquest of Egypt: Caliph Al-Mu'izz dispatches an army under General Jawhar al-Siqilli to invade Egypt. Jawhar occupies the lands around the Nile from the Ikhshidids after a siege at Giza..[5]

Asia

  • September 27 Emperor Reizei abdicates the throne (due to a mental illness) after a 2-year reign. He is succeeded by his 10-year-old brother En'yū, who becomes the 64th emperor of Japan.
  • Emperor Aditya Karikalan, co-regent of the Chola Dynasty (modern India), is murdered and succeeded by Uttama Chola. Due to his immaturity, Arulmolivarman becomes the heir apparent.

Religion

  • Summer Pope John XIII convenes a synod at Rome. He raises the bishopric of Benevento to Archbishopric of Benevento. The city is made a metropolitan see over 10 bishoprics in Byzantine Capitanata (Southern Italy).

Births

  • Badi' al-Zaman al-Hamadani, Persian poet and writer (d. 1007)
  • Hilal al-Sabi', Buyid bureaucrat and historian (d. 1056)
  • Judith of Hungary, princess and queen of Poland (d. 988)
  • Liu, empress and regent of the Song Dynasty (d. 1033)
  • Nathar Shah, Tamil mystic and preacher (d. 1039)
  • William V (the Great), duke of Aquitaine (d. 1030)

Deaths

References

  1. Reuter, Timothy (1999). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III, p. 594. ISBN 978-0-521-36447-8.
  2. Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 184. ISBN 0-472-08149-7..
  3. Reuter, Timothy (1999). The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume III, p. 584. ISBN 978-0-521-36447-8.
  4. Gay, Jules (1904). L'Italie méridionale et l'empire Byzantin: Livre II. New York: Burt Franklin.
  5. The Fatimid Revolution (861-973) and its aftermath in North Africa, Michael Brett, The Cambridge History of Africa, Vol. 2 ed. J. D. Fage, Roland Anthony Oliver, (Cambridge University Press, 2002). p. 622.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.