List of national parks of India

National parks in India are IUCN (International Union of Conservation of Nature) category II protected areas. India's first national park was established in 1936, now known as Jim Corbett National Park, in Uttarakhand. By 1970, India only had five national parks. In 1972, India enacted the Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger in 1973 to safeguard the habitats of conservation reliant species. Now there are 106 national parks in India.

Valley of Flowers National Park is UNESCO World Network of Reserves since 2004.
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Further federal legislation strengthening protection for wildlife was introduced in the 1980s.

There are 105 existing national parks in India covering an area of 44,378 km2 (17,134 sq mi), which is 1.35% of the geographical area of the country (National Wildlife Database, Dec. 2020). In addition to the above, 75 other National Parks covering an area of 16,608 km2 (6,412 sq mi) are proposed in the Protected Area Network Report.  The network of parks will go up 176 after full implementation of the above report.

Definition

According to the Indian Ministry of Environment & Forests, a national park is "[a]n area, whether within a sanctuary or not, [that] can be notified by the state government to be constituted as a National Park, by reason of its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, or zoological association or importance, needed to for the purpose of protecting & propagating or developing wildlife there in or its environment. No human activity is permitted inside the national park except for the ones permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the state under the conditions given in CHAPTER IV, WPA 1972".[1]

The List

List of national parks in India:[1][2]

Name State Notable Features Faunay Rivers and lakes inside the national park
Anamudi Shola National Park[1] Kerala The park is administered by Munnar Wildlife Division, together with the nearby Mathikettan Shola National Park, Eravikulam National Park, Pampadum Shola National Park, Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary and the Kurinjimala Sanctuary, with Anamudi Shola providing connectivity between all these protected areas. Elephant, Tiger, Nilgiri tahr, Gaur, Spotted Deer, Sambar, Grizzled Giant Squirrel, Hanuman Langur, Sloth Bear, Flying Squirrels Pambar River
Anshi National Park Karnataka Part of Kali Tiger ReserveGreat hornbill, tiger, leopard, black panther, bear, elephant. Kali River (Karnataka)
Balphakram National Park Meghalaya Balphakram means 'land of the eternal wind' according to the myth of the Garos.Wild water buffalo, red panda, elephant and eight cat species, including the tiger and marbled cat
Bandhavgarh National Park Madhya Pradesh Very high tiger density, so the saying

Gaurs reintroduced from Kanha National Park

 Bengal tiger, striped hyena, caracal, gaur, sambar deer, nilgai, barking deer, chital,
Omkareshwar National Park Madhya Pradesh
Bandipur National Park Karnataka Dry deciduous forest is dominant. Also include moist deciduous forests and shrublands.

It is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve

Invasive Alien Species - Lantana bush, Parthenium

 Chital, Bengal tiger, gray langurs, Indian giant squirrel, gaur, leopard, sambar deer, Indian elephants, honey buzzard, red-headed vulture Kabini River, Moyar River
Bannerghatta National Park Karnataka The park is part of a wildlife corridor for elephants which connects the BR Hills and the Sathyamangalam forest.

Moist deciduous forest valleys and scrubland on higher areas

Tiger, sloth bear, peacock, elephant, sambar deer, mouse deer
Betla National Park Jharkhand Tiger, Indian bison, elephant, hyenas, monkey, leopard North Koyal River
Bhitarkanika National Park Odisha A ramsar site Mangroves, saltwater crocodile, white crocodile, Indian python, black ibis, wild pigs, rhesus monkeys, olive ridley sea turtle, chital Brahmani River, Baitarani River, Dhamra River, Pathsala
Bison (Rajbari) National Park Tripura
Blackbuck National Park, Velavadar Gujarat Used to be a cheetah hunting ground

Has largest population of lesser florican

A grassland ecosystem

Successful conservation programs for the blackbuck, wolf and lesser florican (a bustard) are ongoing

 Blackbucks, the endangered Indian grey wolf, the nocturnal striped hyena, Indian fox, golden jackal, jungle cat and many small mammals like hare, gerbil, field mice, mongoose and hedgehog.
Buxa Tiger Reserve West Bengal Northern boundary along international border with Bhutan and eastern boundary touches Assam

The fragile "Terai Eco-System" constitutes a part of this reserve


Buxa, serves as an international corridor for Asian elephant migration between India and Bhutan

Rajabhatkhawa Vulture Breeding Centre was established by Bombay Natural History Society to emulate the success of Jatayu Conservation Breeding Centre, Pinjore

 Indian leopard, Bengal tiger, clouded leopard, giant squirrel, gaur, chital and wild boar

Eurasian griffon, Amur falcon

Endangered species include leopard cat, Bengal florican, regal python, Chinese pangolin, hispid hare, hog deer lesser adjutant, white-rumped vulture, slender-billed vulture, chestnut-breasted partridge, rufous necked hornbill, ferruginous pochard and great hornbill
Campbell Bay National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Chandoli National Park Maharashtra
Clouded Leopard National Park Tripura
Dachigam National Park Jammu and Kashmir Only area where Kashmir stag is found[3]
Great Indian bustard
Dibru-Saikhowa National Park Assam Feral horse, Ganges River Dolphin Brahmaputra, Lohit River, Dibru
Dehing Patkai National Park Assam White Winged Wood Duck, Slow LorisDihing river
Raimona National Park Assam Golden Langur
Dudhwa National Park Uttar Pradesh Tiger, Sambar deer, hog deer
Eravikulam National Park[4] Kerala The land of “Neelakurinji”, the flower that blooms once in twelve years

Anamudi, the highest peak of western ghats, is located here

Vegetation - Rolling grasslands, with shola forests in upper parts

 Nilgiri tahr, Neelakurinji

lion-tailed macaques, gaur, Indian muntjac and sambar deer

 Pambar River (Kerala)
Galathea National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Gangotri National Park Uttarakhand Gaumukh Glacier Ganga
Gir Forest National Park Gujarat Asiatic lion Hiran, Shetrunji River, Datardi, Shingoda, Machhundri, Godavari and Raval
Gorumara National Park West Bengal The park is rich in large herbivores including Indian rhinoceros, gaur, Asian elephant, sloth bear, chital, and sambar deer Jaldhaka, Naora
Govind Pashu Vihar National Park Uttarakhand
Great Himalayan National Park Himachal Pradesh UNESCO World Heritage Site
Gugamal National Park Maharashtra
Guindy National Park Tamil Nadu Has more than 2000 chitals, 493 blackbucks and 84 jackals.
Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park Tamil Nadu has 8 species of whales and 21 small coral islands
Guru Ghasidas National Park Chhattisgarh Largest national park of chhattisgarh
Hemis National Park Ladakh Largest National park in India
Inderkilla National Park Himachal Pradesh
Indira Gandhi Sanctuary and National Park Tamil Nadu Tigers, leopards, elephants, wildboars, deers, dhole.
Indravati National Park Chhattisgarh Wild Asian buffalo, tiger reserve, hill mynas
Jaldapara National Park West Bengal
Indian rhinoceros
Jim Corbett National Park Uttarakhand First national park in India (established in 1936 as Hailey National Park).

Report titled ‘Status of Tigers Co-predators and Prey in India’, released by the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change for 2018-19 revealed that national park has 14 tigers per 100 square kilometers which is highest in India.

 Ramganga
Kalesar National Park Haryana Yamuna
Kanha National Park Madhya Pradesh Barasingha or swamp deer
Kanger Ghati National Park Chhattisgarh
Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park Telangana
Kaziranga National Park Assam UNESCO World Heritage SiteIndian rhinoceros ,

Royal Bengal Tiger, Asiatic Water Buffalo, Asian Elephant, Eastern Swamp Deer
Keibul Lamjao National Park Manipur Only floating park in the world Loktak Lake
Keoladeo National Park Rajasthan UNESCO World Heritage Site
Khangchendzonga National Park Sikkim UNESCO World Heritage Site. Houses the third highest peak on the planet, Mt. Kangchenjunga. The Zemu glacier, one of the largest in Asia, is located within the park.musk deer, snow leopard, Himalayan tahr, dhole, sloth bear, viverrids, Himalayan black bear, red panda, Tibetan wild ass, Himalayan blue sheep, serow, goral and takin Teesta (to the east)
Khirganga National Park Himachal Pradesh
Kishtwar National Park Jammu and Kashmir
Kudremukh National Park Karnataka
Kuno National Park Madhya Pradesh Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project, India's first cheetah sanctuary
Madhav National Park Madhya Pradesh
Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park Telangana
Manas National Park Assam UNESCO World Heritage Site, contiguous with Royal Manas National Park, Bhutan. 2 types of biomes - grasslands biome and forest biome. Rhinos were reintroduced in 2008 under Indian Rhino Vision from Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary and Kaziranga National ParkAssam roofed turtle, hispid hare, golden langur and pygmy hog Manas
Mandla Plant Fossils National Park Madhya Pradesh
Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch Gujarat Threat - Coral bleachingCorals, sponges, jellyfish, endangered sea turtles such as green sea turtles, olive ridleys and leatherbacks, dugongs, Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins, blue whales
Mathikettan Shola National Park Kerala The park is located between other reserve forests like Eravikulam National Park and Pampadam Shola National Park Elephants
Middle Button Island National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands moist deciduous forest surrounded by sandy beaches and shallow seas with clear waterCorals, dugongs, dolphins, sea turtles, blue whales, spotted deer, water lizards and monitor lizards
Mollem National Park Goa contains several important temples dating to the Kadambas of Goa, and home to waterfalls, such as Dudhsagar Falls and Tambdi Falls.
Mouling National Park Arunachal Pradesh Forms the western part of Dihang-Dibang biosphere reservetakin, goral, Indian leopard, Bengal tiger, barking deer, serow and red panda Siyom (to the west)
Mount Harriet National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands Important bird area as attributed by BirdLife International

Andaman wild pigs (an endangered species), saltwater crocodiles, turtles and robber crabs. The park is also a butterfly hotspot.
Mrugavani National Park Telangana
Mudumalai National Park Tamil Nadu Part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Second oldest National Park in India. Largest National Park in Tamil Nadu.Bengal tiger, indian leopard, dhole, golden jackal, sloth bear, Indian elephants, gray langur, Lion tailed macaque, bonnet macaque, gaur, sambar deer, chital deer, Indian muntjac, Indian spotted chevrotain, wild boar

Rodents include the Indian giant squirrel and the red giant flying squirrel

 Moyar River
Mukundra Hills National Park Rajasthan National Chambal Sanctuary is part of the national park
Mukurthi National Park Tamil Nadu Part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and is also UNESCO World Heritage Site.The park was created to protect its keystone species, the Nilgiri tahr

characterized by montane grasslands and shrublands interspersed with sholas

Nilgiri tahr
Murlen National Park Mizoram
Nagarhole National Park Karnataka Kabini reservoir separates Nagarhole from Bandipur National ParkCarnivores - Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, dhole, sloth bear and the striped hyena.

Herbivores - chital, sambar deer, barking deer, four-horned antelope , gaur, wild boar, and Indian elephant.

Other mammals - gray langur, bonnet macaque, jungle cat, leopard cat, slender loris, small Indian civet and Asian palm civet , Indian brown mongoose and stripe-necked mongoose, European otter, Indian giant flying squirrel, Indian giant squirrel, porcupine, golden jackal, chevrotain, hare and Indian pangolin
Namdapha National Park Arunachal Pradesh The national park harbours the northernmost lowland evergreen rainforests in the world at 27°N latitude.

The park is located between the Dapha bum range of the Mishmi Hills and the Patkai range

Easternmost National Park of India

The area falls under both the Palearctic and Indo Malayan biogeographic areas

Vegetation zones from evergreen, moist deciduous to temperate broadleaved and coniferous forest types to alpine vegetation

 Namdapha flying squirrel, red panda, dhole, Malayan sun bear, Indian wolf, Asiatic black bear, gaur, stump-tailed macaque, Assamese macaque and rhesus macaque. Noa Dihing River
Nameri National Park Assam
Nanda Devi National Park Uttarakhand UNESCO World Heritage Site, UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve
Navegaon National Park Maharashtra
Neora Valley National Park West Bengal
Nokrek National Park Meghalaya UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve
North Button Island National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Ntangki National Park Nagaland
Orang National Park Assam Named Rajiv Gandhi National Park in 1992, but rolled back because of public opposition
Pambadum Shola National Park Kerala Forms part of Munnar Wildlife Division, together with the nearby Mathikettan Shola National Park, Eravikulam National Park, Anamudi Shola National Park, Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary and the Kurinjimala Sanctuary

It is a part of Palani hills

Keystone species - Nilgiri Marten

 Nilgiri marten, Nilgiri wood pigeon, Nilgiri langur, Nilgiri flycatcher, Blue rock-thrush
Panna National Park Madhya Pradesh
Papikonda National Park Andhra Pradesh Royal Bengal Tiger, Leopards, rusty-spotted cat, King Cobr

.[5]

 Godavari river
Pench National Park[6] Madhya Pradesh Rudyard Kipling's 'Jungle Book' was set in this NP.
Periyar National Park Kerala An elephant reserve and a tiger reserve

Located high in the Cardamom Hills and Pandalam Hills of the south Western Ghats

The sanctuary surrounds Periyar Lake, a reservoir that formed when the Mullaperiyar Dam was erected in 1895.

The park is made up of tropical evergreen and moist deciduous forests, grasslands and stands of eucalyptus

 Malabar parakeet, Malabar grey hornbill, Nilgiri laughing thrush, Nilgiri blue robin, great hornbill, Malabar pied hornbill, lion-tailed macaque, hairy-winged bat Periyar river, Pamba river
Phawngpui Blue Mountain National Park Mizoram Chhimtuipui River
Pin Valley National Park Himachal Pradesh
Qazinag National Park Jammu and Kashmir
Rajaji National Park Uttarakhand Mainly known for elephants, tigers, leopards and several species of birds, reptiles and mammals. Ganga river
Rajiv Gandhi National Park (Rameswaram) Andhra Pradesh
Rani Jhansi Marine National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Ranthambore National Park Rajasthan Tiger Reserve.
Saddle Peak National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Salim Ali National Park Jammu and Kashmir Turned into the Royal Springs Golf Course
Sanjay National Park[7] Madhya Pradesh
Sanjay Gandhi National Park Maharashtra , Indian Leopard, Rhesus Macaque, Bonnet Macaque, Spotted Deer, Hanuman Langur, Indian Flying Fox, Indian Hare, Barking Deer, Porcupine, Palm Civet, Mouse Deer
Sariska Tiger Reserve Rajasthan
Satpura National Park Madhya Pradesh
Silent Valley National Park[8] Kerala Located in Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve


Home to the largest population of lion-tailed macaques

Famous for "Save Silent Valley" movement


 Indian bison, Travancore flying squirrel, Salim Ali's fruit bat, Stripe-necked mongoose, Blue-winged parakeet, Crimson-backed sunbird Kunthipuzha River
Simbalbara National Park Himachal Pradesh
Sirohi National Park Manipur
Simlipal National Park Odisha Tiger, leopard, Asian elephant, sambar, barking deer, gaur, jungle cat, wild boar
Singalila National Park West Bengal
South Button Island National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands Dugong, dolphin, water monitor lizard, blue whale and smallest National park in India
Sri Venkateswara National Park Andhra Pradesh
Sultanpur National Park Haryana
Sundarbans National Park West Bengal UNESCO World Heritage Site
Tadoba National Park Maharashtra Tiger
Valley of Flowers National Park Uttarakhand UNESCO World Heritage Site, Most beautiful national park in the world
Valmiki National Park Bihar Tiger Reserve
Vansda National Park Gujarat Leopard, Dhole, Rhesus Macaque, Common Palm Civet, Hanuman Langur, Small Indian Civet, Four-Horned Antelope, Wild Boar, Indian Porcupine, Barking Deer, Striped Hyena, Jungle Cat, Flying Squirrel, Pangolin and Indian Giant Squirrel.
Van Vihar National Park Madhya Pradesh

See also
  • Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education

Notes

    it is the protected place for wildlife

    References
    1. "National Parks". wiienvis.nic.in. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
    2. "National Parks in India: 103 National Parks and 544 Wildlife Sanctuaries". www.careerpower.in. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
    3. Kashmir Stag (Hangul)
    4. "Eravikulam National Park".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
    5. "2-ANDHRA PRADESH AND TELANGANA.pdf". Google Docs. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
    6. The Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh parts of the Pench National Park are administered separately. Tigris called Collar Wali is found there which has given 29 cubs in total.
    7. The Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh parts of the Sanjay National Park are administered separately.
    8. "Silent Valley - Kerala Forest Dept".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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