Orenburg Oblast

Orenburg Oblast (Russian: Оренбургская область, Orenburgskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name Chkalov Oblast (Чка́ловская о́бласть) in honor of Valery Chkalov. Population: 2,033,072 (2010 Census).[5]

The House of the Soviets (oblast administrative centre)

Orenburg Oblast
Oblast
Оренбургская область
Flag
Coat of arms
Coordinates: 52°08′N 55°36′E
CountryRussia
Federal districtVolga[1]
Economic regionUrals[2]
Administrative centerOrenburg
Government
 • BodyLegislative Assembly
 • GovernorDenis Pasler[3]
Area
[4]
 • Total124,000 km2 (48,000 sq mi)
 • Rank29th
Population
 (2010 Census)[5]
 • Total2,033,072
 • Estimate 
(2018)[6]
1,977,720 (−2.7%)
 • Rank23rd
 • Density16/km2 (42/sq mi)
 • Urban
59.7%
 • Rural
40.3%
Time zoneUTC+5 (MSK+2 [7])
ISO 3166 codeRU-ORE
License plates56, 156
OKTMO ID53000000
Official languagesRussian[8]
Websitehttp://www.orb.ru/

Geography

Orenburg Oblast's internal borders are with the republics of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan to the north, Chelyabinsk Oblast to the north-east, and with Samara and Saratov oblasts to the west. Orenburg Oblast also shares an international border with Kazakhstan to the east and south. The oblast is situated on the boundary between Europe and Asia. The majority of its territory lies west of the continental divide in European Russia and smaller sections in the east situated on the Asian side of the divide. The most important river of the oblast is the Ural and the largest lake Shalkar-Yega-Kara. Orenburg is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude. The highest point of the oblast is 668 m (2,192 ft) high Nakas (mountain).[9]

Administrative divisions

Demographics

Population: 2,033,072 (2010 Census);[5] 2,179,551 (2002 Census);[10] 2,174,459 (1989 Census).[11]

Settlements

According to the 2010 Census, the ethnic composition of the oblast was as follows:[5]

  • Russians: 75.9%
  • Tatars: 7.6%
  • Kazakhs: 6%
  • Ukrainians: 2.5%
  • Bashkirs: 2.3%
  • Mordvins: 1.9%
  • Germans: 0.6%
  • Chuvash: 0.6%
  • Belarusians: 0.3%
  • Azeris: 0.4%
  • other groups, none more than 0.2% of the population
  • 30,449 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.[12]
Vital statistics for 2012
  • Births: 29 736 (14.7 per 1000)
  • Deaths: 28 225 (13.9 per 1000)[13]
  • Total fertility rate:[14] 2009 - 1.76 | 2010 - 1.80 | 2011 - 1.80 | 2012 - 1.95 | 2013 - 2.00 | 2014 - 2.03 | 2015 - 2.01 | 2016 - 1.95(e)
 
 
Largest cities or towns in Orenburg Oblast
2010 Russian Census
Rank Administrative Division Pop.

Orenburg

Orsk		 1OrenburgOrenburgsky District548,331
Novotroitsk

Buzuluk
2OrskCity of oblast significance of Orsk239,800
3NovotroitskTown of oblast significance of Novotroitsk98,173
4BuzulukBuzuluksky District82,904
5BuguruslanBuguruslansky District49,741
6GayGaysky District38,301
7SorochinskSorochinsky District29,249
8Sol-IletskSol-Iletsky District28,377
9MednogorskTown of oblast significance of Mednogorsk27,292
10KuvandykKuvandyksky District26,169

Religion
Religion in Orenburg Oblast as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)[15][16]
Russian Orthodoxy
 
 40.2%
Other Orthodox
 
 1.7%
Other Christians
 
 3.6%
Islam
 
 13.8%
Rodnovery and other native faiths
 
 3%
Spiritual but not religious
 
 20%
Atheism and irreligion
 
 12.4%
Other and undeclared
 
 5.3%

As of a 2012 survey,[15] 40.2% of the population of Orenburg Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 3% declare themselves to be generic nondenominational Christians (excluding the Protestant definition), 2% are Orthodox Christian believers who do not belong to any church or belong to non-Russian Orthodox churches. Muslims constitute 13% of the population. 3% of the population are followers of the Slavic native faith (Rodnovery), 6.8% are followers of other religions or did not give an answer to the survey. In addition, 20% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious" and 12% to be atheist.[15]

Economy

Orenburg Oblast is one of the major agricultural areas of Russia. Its climate is favorable to farming with a humid spring, dry summer and many sunny days, which make perfect conditions for cultivating hard wheat and rye, sunflowers, potatoes, peas, beans, corn, and gourds.

The range of the oblast's export commodities includes oil and oil products, gas and gas produced products, rolled ferrous and non-ferrous metals, nickel, asbestos, chromium compounds, rough copper, electric engines, and radiators, which are used to make products from the machine-building industry.

See also
  • Ashchebutak (air base)
  • List of Chairmen of the Legislative Assembly of Orenburg Oblast
  • Black Dolphin Prison

References
  1. Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
  2. Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
  3. Official website of Orenburg Oblast. Governor of Orenburg Oblast (in Russian)
  4. Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (21 May 2004). "Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации (Territory, Number of Districts, Inhabited Localities, and Rural Administration by Federal Subjects of the Russian Federation)". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 1 November 2011.
  5. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  6. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
  7. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  8. Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
  9. Google Earth
  10. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  11. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  12. ВПН-2010. www.perepis-2010.ru. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  13. Естественное движение населения в разрезе субъектов Российской Федерации. www.gks.ru. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  14. Каталог публикаций::Федеральная служба государственной статистики. www.gks.ru. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  15. "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia". Sreda, 2012.
  16. 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27 August 2012. Retrieved 21 April 2017. Archived.
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