χριστός

See also: Χριστός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From χρῑ́ω (khrī́ō, “to rub, ceremonially anoint”) +‎ -τος (-tos, verbal adjective suffix). Cognate with Sanskrit घृत (ghṛta)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰriːs.tós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kʰrisˈtos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /xrisˈtos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /xrisˈtos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /xrisˈtos/

Homophone: χρηστός (khrēstós) (Koine from the 4th century AD on)

Adjective

χρῑστός • (khrīstós) m (feminine χρῑστή, neuter χρῑστόν); first/second declension

to be rubbed on, used as ointment or salve
(biblical, in the Septuagint) describing someone who was ceremonially anointed

Inflection

First and second declension of χρῑστός; χρῑστή; χρῑστόν (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	χρῑστός khrīstós	χρῑστή khrīstḗ	χρῑστόν khrīstón	χρῑστώ khrīstṓ	χρῑστᾱ́ khrīstā́	χρῑστώ khrīstṓ	χρῑστοί khrīstoí	χρῑσταί khrīstaí	χρῑστᾰ́ khrīstá
Genitive	χρῑστοῦ khrīstoû	χρῑστῆς khrīstês	χρῑστοῦ khrīstoû	χρῑστοῖν khrīstoîn	χρῑσταῖν khrīstaîn	χρῑστοῖν khrīstoîn	χρῑστῶν khrīstôn	χρῑστῶν khrīstôn	χρῑστῶν khrīstôn
Dative	χρῑστῷ khrīstôi	χρῑστῇ khrīstêi	χρῑστῷ khrīstôi	χρῑστοῖν khrīstoîn	χρῑσταῖν khrīstaîn	χρῑστοῖν khrīstoîn	χρῑστοῖς khrīstoîs	χρῑσταῖς khrīstaîs	χρῑστοῖς khrīstoîs
Accusative	χρῑστόν khrīstón	χρῑστήν khrīstḗn	χρῑστόν khrīstón	χρῑστώ khrīstṓ	χρῑστᾱ́ khrīstā́	χρῑστώ khrīstṓ	χρῑστούς khrīstoús	χρῑστᾱ́ς khrīstā́s	χρῑστᾰ́ khrīstá
Vocative	χρῑστέ khrīsté	χρῑστή khrīstḗ	χρῑστόν khrīstón	χρῑστώ khrīstṓ	χρῑστᾱ́ khrīstā́	χρῑστώ khrīstṓ	χρῑστοί khrīstoí	χρῑσταί khrīstaí	χρῑστᾰ́ khrīstá
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	χρῑστῶς khrīstôs			χρῑστότερος khrīstóteros			χρῑστότᾰτος khrīstótatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Noun

χριστός • (khristós) m (genitive χριστοῦ); second declension

(biblical) anointed one, translation of Hebrew משיח‎ (mashiach, “messiah”)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ χριστός; τοῦ χριστοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ χριστός ho khristós	τὼ χριστώ tṑ khristṓ	οἱ χριστοί hoi khristoí
Genitive	τοῦ χριστοῦ toû khristoû	τοῖν χριστοῖν toîn khristoîn	τῶν χριστῶν tôn khristôn
Dative	τῷ χριστῷ tôi khristôi	τοῖν χριστοῖν toîn khristoîn	τοῖς χριστοῖς toîs khristoîs
Accusative	τὸν χριστόν tòn khristón	τὼ χριστώ tṑ khristṓ	τοὺς χριστούς toùs khristoús
Vocative	χριστέ khristé	χριστώ khristṓ	χριστοί khristoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Χριστός (Khristós)
Χριστιανός (Khristianós)

Descendants

English: Christ
Greek: Χριστός (Christós)

Latin: Christus
Russian: Христос (Xristós)

References

χριστός in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
χριστός in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
χριστός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
G5547 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979

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