آس
Arabic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔaːs/
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Aramaic אָסָא / ܐܵܣܵܐ (ʾāsā, “myrtle”), from Akkadian 𒄑𒀀𒊍 (GIŠA.AZ /asu/), 𒄑𒊍 (GIŠAZ /asu/, “myrtle”).
Noun
آس • (ʾās) m
- myrtle (Myrtus gen. et spp.)
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [Yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʾaḥmad ibn al-ʿawwām], José Antonio Banqueri, editor, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 29, Art. 15, pages 383–384:
- والكتم قال أبو الخير هو ثلاثة أنواع منها ما له ورق عريض مثل ورق الآس الذي ينبت في الشعرى وهو يعلو كثيرا ويأخذ من التدويح وورقه مشرفة مثل تشريف المنشار ومنه توع آخر له ورق دون الأول في العرض وتعظم شجرته أيضا وله حب في قدر حب الفلفل والريحان ويعتصر منه دهن يستصبح به ونوع آخر له ورق طويل دقيق مثل ورق المسان وقيل إن مما جرب فصح إنه إن سقى من عصارة ورقه ثمانية دراهم لمن عضه الكلب فإنه يبرئ في ذلك اليوم ويخلص بإذن الله تعالى وأن فزع من الماء فإنه يبرئ والكتم هو شبيه للحناء ويجفف ورقه ويدق نعما ويخلط بالحناء وخضب به الشعر.
- About the mock privet says Abū al-Ḵayr that there are three kinds of it: The first has wide leaves similar to the leaves of the myrtle which grows in the maquis and it becomes very high and swollen and its leaves are humped like a saw, the second has leaves of lesser width but its tree is also poddy and its seeds are of the size of the seeds of peppers and myrtles and from them one can press oil for lighting, and another kind has long delicate leaves like sandpaper and it is said if someone is affected by scabies then he will regain health, that if he whom a dog has bitten drinks eight dirhem from the extract of its leaves he will becomes free from the ailment the same day and cleansed of it if God is gracious; so that he will fear water but he will be free of the pest. Mock privet is similar to henna and one dries its leaves and crushes them well and mixes with henna and dyes the hair with it.
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Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | آس ʾās |
الْآس al-ʾās |
آس ʾās |
Nominative | آسٌ ʾāsun |
الْآسُ al-ʾāsu |
آسُ ʾāsu |
Accusative | آسًا ʾāsan |
الْآسَ al-ʾāsa |
آسَ ʾāsa |
Genitive | آسٍ ʾāsin |
الْآسِ al-ʾāsi |
آسِ ʾāsi |
Descendants
- → Ge'ez: እልኣስ (ʾəlʾas, “myrtle”)
Etymology 2
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Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | آس ʾās |
الْآس al-ʾās |
آس ʾās |
Nominative | آسٌ ʾāsun |
الْآسُ al-ʾāsu |
آسُ ʾāsu |
Accusative | آسًا ʾāsan |
الْآسَ al-ʾāsa |
آسَ ʾāsa |
Genitive | آسٍ ʾāsin |
الْآسِ al-ʾāsi |
آسِ ʾāsi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | آسَيْن ʾāsayn |
الْآسَيْن al-ʾāsayn |
آسَيْ ʾāsay |
Nominative | آسَانِ ʾāsāni |
الْآسَانِ al-ʾāsāni |
آسَا ʾāsā |
Accusative | آسَيْنِ ʾāsayni |
الْآسَيْنِ al-ʾāsayni |
آسَيْ ʾāsay |
Genitive | آسَيْنِ ʾāsayni |
الْآسَيْنِ al-ʾāsayni |
آسَيْ ʾāsay |
Plural | sound feminine plural | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | آسَات ʾāsāt |
الْآسَات al-ʾāsāt |
آسَات ʾāsāt |
Nominative | آسَاتٌ ʾāsātun |
الْآسَاتُ al-ʾāsātu |
آسَاتُ ʾāsātu |
Accusative | آسَاتٍ ʾāsātin |
الْآسَاتِ al-ʾāsāti |
آسَاتِ ʾāsāti |
Genitive | آسَاتٍ ʾāsātin |
الْآسَاتِ al-ʾāsāti |
آسَاتِ ʾāsāti |
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Aramaic אָסְיָא / ܐܵܣܝܵܐ (ʾāsyā, “physician, healer”), from Akkadian 𒀀𒍪 (A.ZU /asû/, “physician, healer”), from Sumerian 𒀀𒍪 (A.ZU /azu/, “physician, healer”). This term has merged with the native root ء س و (ʾ-s-w) having originally the meanings “to grieve”, “to hurt”, and developed additional forms, this noun being reinterpreted as an active participle of the form I verb, the same happening in Aramaic. It has also engendered additional forms in Aramaic, Hebrew, Ethiopian Semitic.
Noun
آسٍ • (ʾāsin) m (construct state آسِي (ʾāsī), plural أُسَاة (ʾusāh) or إِسَاء (ʾisāʾ), feminine آسِيَة (ʾāsiya))
(obsolete)
Declension
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular triptote in ـٍ (-in) | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | آسِي ʾāsī |
الْآسِي al-ʾāsī |
آسِي ʾāsī |
آسِيَة ʾāsiya |
الْآسِيَة al-ʾāsiya |
آسِيَة ʾāsiyat |
Nominative | آسٍ ʾāsin |
الْآسِي al-ʾāsī |
آسِي ʾāsī |
آسِيَةٌ ʾāsiyatun |
الْآسِيَةُ al-ʾāsiyatu |
آسِيَةُ ʾāsiyatu |
Accusative | آسِيًا ʾāsiyan |
الْآسِيَ al-ʾāsiya |
آسِيَ ʾāsiya |
آسِيَةً ʾāsiyatan |
الْآسِيَةَ al-ʾāsiyata |
آسِيَةَ ʾāsiyata |
Genitive | آسٍ ʾāsin |
الْآسِي al-ʾāsī |
آسِي ʾāsī |
آسِيَةٍ ʾāsiyatin |
الْآسِيَةِ al-ʾāsiyati |
آسِيَةِ ʾāsiyati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | آسِيَيْن ʾāsiyayn |
الْآسِيَيْن al-ʾāsiyayn |
آسِيَيْ ʾāsiyay |
آسِيَتَيْن ʾāsiyatayn |
الْآسِيَتَيْن al-ʾāsiyatayn |
آسِيَتَيْ ʾāsiyatay |
Nominative | آسِيَانِ ʾāsiyāni |
الْآسِيَانِ al-ʾāsiyāni |
آسِيَا ʾāsiyā |
آسِيَتَانِ ʾāsiyatāni |
الْآسِيَتَانِ al-ʾāsiyatāni |
آسِيَتَا ʾāsiyatā |
Accusative | آسِيَيْنِ ʾāsiyayni |
الْآسِيَيْنِ al-ʾāsiyayni |
آسِيَيْ ʾāsiyay |
آسِيَتَيْنِ ʾāsiyatayni |
الْآسِيَتَيْنِ al-ʾāsiyatayni |
آسِيَتَيْ ʾāsiyatay |
Genitive | آسِيَيْنِ ʾāsiyayni |
الْآسِيَيْنِ al-ʾāsiyayni |
آسِيَيْ ʾāsiyay |
آسِيَتَيْنِ ʾāsiyatayni |
الْآسِيَتَيْنِ al-ʾāsiyatayni |
آسِيَتَيْ ʾāsiyatay |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh); basic broken plural triptote | broken plural diptote in ـٍ (-in) | |||||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أُسَاة; إِسَاء ʾusāt; ʾisāʾ |
الْأُسَاة; الْإِسَاء al-ʾusāt; al-ʾisāʾ |
أُسَاة; إِسَاء ʾusāt; ʾisāʾ |
أَوَاسِي ʾawāsī |
الْأَوَاسِي al-ʾawāsī |
أَوَاسِي ʾawāsī |
Nominative | أُسَاةٌ; إِسَاءٌ ʾusātun; ʾisāʾun |
الْأُسَاةُ; الْإِسَاءُ al-ʾusātu; al-ʾisāʾu |
أُسَاةُ; إِسَاءُ ʾusātu; ʾisāʾu |
أَوَاسٍ ʾawāsin |
الْأَوَاسِي al-ʾawāsī |
أَوَاسِي ʾawāsī |
Accusative | أُسَاةً; إِسَاءً ʾusātan; ʾisāʾan |
الْأُسَاةَ; الْإِسَاءَ al-ʾusāta; al-ʾisāʾa |
أُسَاةَ; إِسَاءَ ʾusāta; ʾisāʾa |
أَوَاسِيَ ʾawāsiya |
الْأَوَاسِيَ al-ʾawāsiya |
أَوَاسِيَ ʾawāsiya |
Genitive | أُسَاةٍ; إِسَاءٍ ʾusātin; ʾisāʾin |
الْأُسَاةِ; الْإِسَاءِ al-ʾusāti; al-ʾisāʾi |
أُسَاةِ; إِسَاءِ ʾusāti; ʾisāʾi |
أَوَاسٍ ʾawāsin |
الْأَوَاسِي al-ʾawāsī |
أَوَاسِي ʾawāsī |
References
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 139
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 261
Baluchi
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Iranian *ātr-, *ātar-; see there for more.
Persian
References
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “آس”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul