بحر
Arabic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Semitic *baḥr- (“sea”), from the root ب ح ر (b-ḥ-r).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baħr/
Audio (file)
Declension
Declension of noun بَحْر (baḥr)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بَحْر baḥr |
الْبَحْر al-baḥr |
بَحْر baḥr |
Nominative | بَحْرٌ baḥrun |
الْبَحْرُ al-baḥru |
بَحْرُ baḥru |
Accusative | بَحْرًا baḥran |
الْبَحْرَ al-baḥra |
بَحْرَ baḥra |
Genitive | بَحْرٍ baḥrin |
الْبَحْرِ al-baḥri |
بَحْرِ baḥri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | بَحْرَيْن baḥrayn |
الْبَحْرَيْن al-baḥrayn |
بَحْرَيْ baḥray |
Nominative | بَحْرَانِ baḥrāni |
الْبَحْرَانِ al-baḥrāni |
بَحْرَا baḥrā |
Accusative | بَحْرَيْنِ baḥrayni |
الْبَحْرَيْنِ al-baḥrayni |
بَحْرَيْ baḥray |
Genitive | بَحْرَيْنِ baḥrayni |
الْبَحْرَيْنِ al-baḥrayni |
بَحْرَيْ baḥray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بِحَار; بُحُور; أَبْحُر biḥār; buḥūr; ʾabḥur |
الْبِحَار; الْبُحُور; الْأَبْحُر al-biḥār; al-buḥūr; al-ʾabḥur |
بِحَار; بُحُور; أَبْحُر biḥār; buḥūr; ʾabḥur |
Nominative | بِحَارٌ; بُحُورٌ; أَبْحُرٌ biḥārun; buḥūrun; ʾabḥurun |
الْبِحَارُ; الْبُحُورُ; الْأَبْحُرُ al-biḥāru; al-buḥūru; al-ʾabḥuru |
بِحَارُ; بُحُورُ; أَبْحُرُ biḥāru; buḥūru; ʾabḥuru |
Accusative | بِحَارًا; بُحُورًا; أَبْحُرًا biḥāran; buḥūran; ʾabḥuran |
الْبِحَارَ; الْبُحُورَ; الْأَبْحُرَ al-biḥāra; al-buḥūra; al-ʾabḥura |
بِحَارَ; بُحُورَ; أَبْحُرَ biḥāra; buḥūra; ʾabḥura |
Genitive | بِحَارٍ; بُحُورٍ; أَبْحُرٍ biḥārin; buḥūrin; ʾabḥurin |
الْبِحَارِ; الْبُحُورِ; الْأَبْحُرِ al-biḥāri; al-buḥūri; al-ʾabḥuri |
بِحَارِ; بُحُورِ; أَبْحُرِ biḥāri; buḥūri; ʾabḥuri |
Derived terms
- مِنَ النَّهْرِ إلَى الْبَحْرِ (mina n-nahri ʾilā l-baḥri)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /baħ.ħa.ra/
Conjugation
Conjugation of
بَحَّرَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tabḥīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُبَحِّر mubaḥḥir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُبَحَّر mubaḥḥar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | baḥḥartu |
baḥḥarta |
بَحَّرَ baḥḥara |
بَحَّرْتُمَا baḥḥartumā |
بَحَّرَا baḥḥarā |
baḥḥarnā |
baḥḥartum |
baḥḥarū | |||
f | baḥḥarti |
baḥḥarat |
بَحَّرَتَا baḥḥaratā |
baḥḥartunna |
baḥḥarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾubaḥḥiru |
tubaḥḥiru |
yubaḥḥiru |
تُبَحِّرَانِ tubaḥḥirāni |
يُبَحِّرَانِ yubaḥḥirāni |
nubaḥḥiru |
tubaḥḥirūna |
yubaḥḥirūna | |||
f | tubaḥḥirīna |
tubaḥḥiru |
تُبَحِّرَانِ tubaḥḥirāni |
tubaḥḥirna |
yubaḥḥirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾubaḥḥira |
tubaḥḥira |
yubaḥḥira |
تُبَحِّرَا tubaḥḥirā |
يُبَحِّرَا yubaḥḥirā |
nubaḥḥira |
تُبَحِّرُوا tubaḥḥirū |
يُبَحِّرُوا yubaḥḥirū | |||
f | tubaḥḥirī |
tubaḥḥira |
تُبَحِّرَا tubaḥḥirā |
tubaḥḥirna |
yubaḥḥirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾubaḥḥir |
tubaḥḥir |
yubaḥḥir |
تُبَحِّرَا tubaḥḥirā |
يُبَحِّرَا yubaḥḥirā |
nubaḥḥir |
تُبَحِّرُوا tubaḥḥirū |
يُبَحِّرُوا yubaḥḥirū | |||
f | tubaḥḥirī |
tubaḥḥir |
تُبَحِّرَا tubaḥḥirā |
tubaḥḥirna |
yubaḥḥirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | بَحِّرْ baḥḥir |
بَحِّرَا baḥḥirā |
baḥḥirū |
||||||||
f | baḥḥirī |
baḥḥirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | بُحِّرَ buḥḥira |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | — | — | yubaḥḥaru |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yubaḥḥara |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yubaḥḥar |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ba.ħi.ra/
Verb
بَحِرَ • (baḥira) I, non-past يَبْحَرُ (yabḥaru)
- to be startled, to be bewildered with fright
Conjugation
Conjugation of
بَحِرَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun بَحَر)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
بَحَر baḥar | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
بَاحِر bāḥir | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | baḥirtu |
baḥirta |
بَحِرَ baḥira |
بَحِرْتُمَا baḥirtumā |
بَحِرَا baḥirā |
baḥirnā |
baḥirtum |
baḥirū | |||
f | baḥirti |
baḥirat |
بَحِرَتَا baḥiratā |
baḥirtunna |
baḥirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾabḥaru |
tabḥaru |
yabḥaru |
تَبْحَرَانِ tabḥarāni |
يَبْحَرَانِ yabḥarāni |
nabḥaru |
tabḥarūna |
yabḥarūna | |||
f | tabḥarīna |
tabḥaru |
تَبْحَرَانِ tabḥarāni |
tabḥarna |
yabḥarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾabḥara |
tabḥara |
yabḥara |
تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā |
يَبْحَرَا yabḥarā |
nabḥara |
تَبْحَرُوا tabḥarū |
يَبْحَرُوا yabḥarū | |||
f | tabḥarī |
tabḥara |
تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā |
tabḥarna |
yabḥarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾabḥar |
tabḥar |
yabḥar |
تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā |
يَبْحَرَا yabḥarā |
nabḥar |
تَبْحَرُوا tabḥarū |
يَبْحَرُوا yabḥarū | |||
f | tabḥarī |
tabḥar |
تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā |
tabḥarna |
yabḥarna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ibḥar |
اِبْحَرَا ibḥarā |
اِبْحَرُوا ibḥarū |
||||||||
f | ibḥarī |
ibḥarna |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ba.ħa.ra/
Verb
بَحَرَ • (baḥara) I, non-past يَبْحَرُ (yabḥaru)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
بَحَرَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun بَحْر)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
بَحْر baḥr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
بَاحِر bāḥir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَبْحُور mabḥūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | baḥartu |
baḥarta |
بَحَرَ baḥara |
بَحَرْتُمَا baḥartumā |
بَحَرَا baḥarā |
baḥarnā |
baḥartum |
baḥarū | |||
f | baḥarti |
baḥarat |
بَحَرَتَا baḥaratā |
baḥartunna |
baḥarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾabḥaru |
tabḥaru |
yabḥaru |
تَبْحَرَانِ tabḥarāni |
يَبْحَرَانِ yabḥarāni |
nabḥaru |
tabḥarūna |
yabḥarūna | |||
f | tabḥarīna |
tabḥaru |
تَبْحَرَانِ tabḥarāni |
tabḥarna |
yabḥarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾabḥara |
tabḥara |
yabḥara |
تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā |
يَبْحَرَا yabḥarā |
nabḥara |
تَبْحَرُوا tabḥarū |
يَبْحَرُوا yabḥarū | |||
f | tabḥarī |
tabḥara |
تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā |
tabḥarna |
yabḥarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾabḥar |
tabḥar |
yabḥar |
تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā |
يَبْحَرَا yabḥarā |
nabḥar |
تَبْحَرُوا tabḥarū |
يَبْحَرُوا yabḥarū | |||
f | tabḥarī |
tabḥar |
تَبْحَرَا tabḥarā |
tabḥarna |
yabḥarna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ibḥar |
اِبْحَرَا ibḥarā |
اِبْحَرُوا ibḥarū |
||||||||
f | ibḥarī |
ibḥarna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | buḥirtu |
buḥirta |
بُحِرَ buḥira |
بُحِرْتُمَا buḥirtumā |
بُحِرَا buḥirā |
buḥirnā |
buḥirtum |
buḥirū | |||
f | buḥirti |
buḥirat |
بُحِرَتَا buḥiratā |
buḥirtunna |
buḥirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾubḥaru |
tubḥaru |
yubḥaru |
تُبْحَرَانِ tubḥarāni |
يُبْحَرَانِ yubḥarāni |
nubḥaru |
tubḥarūna |
yubḥarūna | |||
f | tubḥarīna |
tubḥaru |
تُبْحَرَانِ tubḥarāni |
tubḥarna |
yubḥarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾubḥara |
tubḥara |
yubḥara |
تُبْحَرَا tubḥarā |
يُبْحَرَا yubḥarā |
nubḥara |
تُبْحَرُوا tubḥarū |
يُبْحَرُوا yubḥarū | |||
f | tubḥarī |
tubḥara |
تُبْحَرَا tubḥarā |
tubḥarna |
yubḥarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾubḥar |
tubḥar |
yubḥar |
تُبْحَرَا tubḥarā |
يُبْحَرَا yubḥarā |
nubḥar |
تُبْحَرُوا tubḥarū |
يُبْحَرُوا yubḥarū | |||
f | tubḥarī |
tubḥar |
تُبْحَرَا tubḥarā |
tubḥarna |
yubḥarna |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ba.ħar/
Noun
بَحَر • (baḥar) m
- verbal noun of بَحِرَ (baḥira) (form I)
Declension
Declension of noun بَحَر (baḥar)
References
- Freytag, Georg (1830), “بحر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 87–88
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “بحر”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 88–89
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “بحر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 156–157
- Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “بحر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 66–67
Ottoman Turkish
References
- Redhouse, J. W. (1884), “sea”, in A Lexicon, English and Turkish, 3rd edition, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 667
Persian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bæhr/
Urdu
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