خطيئة
Arabic
Etymology
Belongs to the root خ ط ء (ḵ-ṭ-ʾ), from which the verb form I خَطِئَ (ḵaṭiʾa, “to err”). Schwally proposed that this concrete noun – and Ge'ez ኀጢአት (ḫäṭiʾät, “sin”) – is borrowed from Classical Syriac ܚܛܝܬܐ (“ḵətˁīṯɑ”). This seems likely as there must be in Geʿez a borrowing because the root there means “to lack, to be in want”.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xa.tˁiː.ʔa/
Noun
خَطِيئَة • (ḵaṭīʾa) f (plural خَطَايَا (ḵaṭāyā) or خَطِيئَات (ḵaṭīʾāt))
- sin, offense, fault, act of disobedience for which one deserves punishment
Declension
Declension of noun خَطِيئَة (ḵaṭīʾa)
| Singular | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | خَطِيئَة ḵaṭīʾa |
الْخَطِيئَة al-ḵaṭīʾa |
خَطِيئَة ḵaṭīʾat |
| Nominative | خَطِيئَةٌ ḵaṭīʾatun |
الْخَطِيئَةُ al-ḵaṭīʾatu |
خَطِيئَةُ ḵaṭīʾatu |
| Accusative | خَطِيئَةً ḵaṭīʾatan |
الْخَطِيئَةَ al-ḵaṭīʾata |
خَطِيئَةَ ḵaṭīʾata |
| Genitive | خَطِيئَةٍ ḵaṭīʾatin |
الْخَطِيئَةِ al-ḵaṭīʾati |
خَطِيئَةِ ḵaṭīʾati |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | خَطِيئَتَيْن ḵaṭīʾatayn |
الْخَطِيئَتَيْن al-ḵaṭīʾatayn |
خَطِيئَتَيْ ḵaṭīʾatay |
| Nominative | خَطِيئَتَانِ ḵaṭīʾatāni |
الْخَطِيئَتَانِ al-ḵaṭīʾatāni |
خَطِيئَتَا ḵaṭīʾatā |
| Accusative | خَطِيئَتَيْنِ ḵaṭīʾatayni |
الْخَطِيئَتَيْنِ al-ḵaṭīʾatayni |
خَطِيئَتَيْ ḵaṭīʾatay |
| Genitive | خَطِيئَتَيْنِ ḵaṭīʾatayni |
الْخَطِيئَتَيْنِ al-ḵaṭīʾatayni |
خَطِيئَتَيْ ḵaṭīʾatay |
| Plural | broken plural invariable; sound feminine plural | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | خَطَايَا; خَطِيئَات ḵaṭāyā; ḵaṭīʾāt |
الْخَطَايَا; الْخَطِيئَات al-ḵaṭāyā; al-ḵaṭīʾāt |
خَطَايَا; خَطِيئَات ḵaṭāyā; ḵaṭīʾāt |
| Nominative | خَطَايَا; خَطِيئَاتٌ ḵaṭāyā; ḵaṭīʾātun |
الْخَطَايَا; الْخَطِيئَاتُ al-ḵaṭāyā; al-ḵaṭīʾātu |
خَطَايَا; خَطِيئَاتُ ḵaṭāyā; ḵaṭīʾātu |
| Accusative | خَطَايَا; خَطِيئَاتٍ ḵaṭāyā; ḵaṭīʾātin |
الْخَطَايَا; الْخَطِيئَاتِ al-ḵaṭāyā; al-ḵaṭīʾāti |
خَطَايَا; خَطِيئَاتِ ḵaṭāyā; ḵaṭīʾāti |
| Genitive | خَطَايَا; خَطِيئَاتٍ ḵaṭāyā; ḵaṭīʾātin |
الْخَطَايَا; الْخَطِيئَاتِ al-ḵaṭāyā; al-ḵaṭīʾāti |
خَطَايَا; خَطِيئَاتِ ḵaṭāyā; ḵaṭīʾāti |
Related terms
- خَطِيئَة أَصْلِيَّة (ḵaṭīʾa ʾaṣliyya, “original sin”)
References
- Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 268
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 36
- Schwally, Friedrich (1898), “Lexikalische Studien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 52, page 132
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