ἀδύνατος

See also: αδύνατος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀ- (a-, “not”) +‎ δυνατός (dunatós, “powerful, capable, possible”)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.dý.na.tos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aˈdy.na.tos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈðy.na.tos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈðy.na.tos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈði.na.tos/

Adjective

ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτος • (adúnatos) m, f (neuter ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον); second declension

(of persons) unable
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.138
- 540 BCE – 450 BCE, Epicharmus, Collected Works 272
- 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 56
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric 1379A.2
- 1 CE – 100 CE, Onasander, Strategikos 1.13
- 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 483D
- 446 BCE – 411 BCE, Eupolis, Collected Works 95
1. (absolute) without strength, powerless, weak
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.9
  - 413 BCE, Euripides, Ion 596
  - 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 746
  - 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, On the Refusal of a Pension
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Constitution of the Athenians 49.4
  - 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Timarchus 103
  - 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Funeral Oration 73
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.28
  - 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Hippias Minor 366B
  - 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, Herculaneum Papyri 1457.8
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.16
  - 390 BCE, Plato, Hippias Major 296A
  - 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 108
(of things) that cannot be done, impossible
- 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 665
- 412 BCE, Euripides, Helen 1043
- 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Democritus, Collected Works 58
- 350 BCE, Aristotle, On the Heavens 280B.12
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 29B.5
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 34B.30
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 45A.35
- 350 BCE – 250 BCE, Lynceus of Samos, Collected Works 1.12
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.32
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 2.81
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.91
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.106
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.59
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 338C
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.60
- 407 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis 1370
- 412 BCE, Euripides, Helen 811
- 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 318
- 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Dialogues of the Gods 8
- 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 192B
- 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Parmenides 138D
- 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 15B
(adverbial) without power or skill, feebly
- 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, Third Tetralogy 3.3
- 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, Second Tetralogy 3.4
- 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Eratosthenes 3
- 100 BCE – 1 BCE, Plato, Axiochus 364B
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Rhetoric to Alexander 1435A.16
- 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Rhetoric 2.122

Inflection

Second declension of ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτος; ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον (Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτος adúnatos	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον adúnaton	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτοι adúnatoi	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτᾰ adúnata
Genitive	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́του adunátou	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́του adunátou	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοιν adunátoin	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοιν adunátoin	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́των adunátōn	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́των adunátōn
Dative	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τῳ adunátōi	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τῳ adunátōi	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοιν adunátoin	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοιν adunátoin	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοις adunátois	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τοις adunátois
Accusative	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον adúnaton	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον adúnaton	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τους adunátous	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτᾰ adúnata
Vocative	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτε adúnate	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτον adúnaton	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τω adunátō	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτοι adúnatoi	ᾰ̓δῠ́νᾰτᾰ adúnata
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	ᾰ̓δῠνᾰ́τως adunátōs		ᾰ̓δῠνᾰτώτερος adunatṓteros		ᾰ̓δῠνᾰτώτᾰτος adunatṓtatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Greek: αδύνατος (adýnatos)