ἧπαρ
See also: ήπαρ
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *yêkʷər, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyékʷr̥. Cognates include Sanskrit यकृत् (yákṛt), Latin iecur, Old Armenian լեարդ (leard), Persian جگر (jegar).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hɛ̂ː.par/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)e.par/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈi.par/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈi.par/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈi.par/
Declension
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ ἧπᾰρ tò hêpar |
τὼ ἥπᾰτε tṑ hḗpate |
τᾰ̀ ἥπᾰτᾰ tà hḗpata | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ἥπᾰτος toû hḗpatos |
τοῖν ἡπᾰ́τοιν toîn hēpátoin |
τῶν ἡπᾰ́των tôn hēpátōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ἥπᾰτῐ tôi hḗpati |
τοῖν ἡπᾰ́τοιν toîn hēpátoin |
τοῖς ἥπᾰσῐ / ἥπᾰσῐν toîs hḗpasi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ ἧπᾰρ tò hêpar |
τὼ ἥπᾰτε tṑ hḗpate |
τᾰ̀ ἥπᾰτᾰ tà hḗpata | ||||||||||
Vocative | ἧπᾰρ hêpar |
ἥπᾰτε hḗpate |
ἥπᾰτᾰ hḗpata | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Further reading
- ἧπαρ in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ἧπαρ in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἧπαρ in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἧπαρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἧπαρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- ἧπαρ in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill
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