ὄρνυμι
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
- ὀρνύω (ornúō)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir, spring”). Cognates include Sanskrit ऋणोति (ṛṇóti) and Latin orior. Compare also Old Armenian յառնեմ (yaṙnem). The Epic athematic middle aorist form ὦρτο (ôrto) matches exactly with Sanskrit आर्त (ārta), the equivalent form of ऋणोति (ṛṇóti).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ór.nyː.mi/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈor.ny.mi/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈor.ny.mi/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈor.ny.mi/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈor.ni.mi/
Verb
ὄρνῡμῐ • (órnūmi)
Inflection
Present: ὄρνῡμῐ, ὄρνῠμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὄρνῡμῐ | ὄρνῡς | ὄρνῡσῐ(ν) | ὄρνῠτον | ὄρνῠτον | ὄρνῠμεν | ὄρνῠτε | ὀρνῠ́ᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ὀρνῠ́ω | ὀρνῠ́ῃς | ὀρνῠ́ῃ | ὀρνῠ́ητον | ὀρνῠ́ητον | ὀρνῠ́ωμεν | ὀρνῠ́ητε | ὀρνῠ́ωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ὀρνῠ́οιμῐ | ὀρνῠ́οις | ὀρνῠ́οι | ὀρνῠ́οιτον | ὀρνῠοίτην | ὀρνῠ́οιμεν | ὀρνῠ́οιτε | ὀρνῠ́οιεν | |||||
imperative | ὄρνῡ | ὀρνῠ́τω | ὄρνῠτον | ὀρνῠ́των | ὄρνῠτε | ὀρνῠ́ντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ὄρνῠμαι | ὄρνῠσαι | ὄρνῠται | ὄρνῠσθον | ὄρνῠσθον | ὀρνῠ́μεθα | ὄρνῠσθε | ὄρνῠνται | ||||
subjunctive | ὀρνῠ́ωμαι | ὀρνῠ́ῃ | ὀρνῠ́ηται | ὀρνῠ́ησθον | ὀρνῠ́ησθον | ὀρνῠώμεθᾰ | ὀρνῠ́ησθε | ὀρνῠ́ωνται | |||||
optative | ὀρνῠοίμην | ὀρνῠ́οιο | ὀρνῠ́οιτο | ὀρνῠ́οισθον | ὀρνῠοίσθην | ὀρνῠοίμεθᾰ | ὀρνῠ́οισθε | ὀρνῠ́οιντο | |||||
imperative | ὄρνῠσο, ὄρνυσθε |
ὀρνῠ́σθω | ὄρνῠσθον | ὀρνῠ́σθων | ὄρνῠσθε | ὀρνῠ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ὀρνῠ́ναι | ὄρνῠσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ὀρνῡ́ς | ὀρνῠ́μενος | ||||||||||
f | ὀρνῦσᾰ | ὀρνῠμένη | |||||||||||
n | ὀρνῠ́ν | ὀρνῠ́μενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ὤρνῡν, ὠρνῠ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὤρνῡν | ὤρνῡς | ὤρνῡ | ὤρνῠτον | ὠρνῠ́την | ὤρνῠμεν | ὤρνῠτε | ὤρνῠσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ὠρνῠ́μην | ὤρνῠσο | ὤρνῠτο | ὤρνῠσθον | ὠρνῠ́σθην | ὠρνῠ́μεθᾰ | ὤρνῠσθε | ὤρνῠντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: ὄρσω, ὄρσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὄρσω | ὄρσεις | ὄρσει | ὄρσετον | ὄρσετον | ὄρσομεν | ὄρσετε | ὄρσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ὄρσοιμῐ | ὄρσοις | ὄρσοι | ὄρσοιτον | ὀρσοίτην | ὄρσοιμεν | ὄρσοιτε | ὄρσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ὄρσομαι | ὄρσῃ, ὄρσει |
ὄρσεται | ὄρσεσθον | ὄρσεσθον | ὀρσόμεθᾰ | ὄρσεσθε | ὄρσονται | ||||
optative | ὀρσοίμην | ὄρσοιο | ὄρσοιτο | ὄρσοισθον | ὀρσοίσθην | ὀρσοίμεθᾰ | ὄρσοισθε | ὄρσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ὄρσειν | ὄρσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ὄρσων | ὀρσόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ὄρσουσᾰ | ὀρσομένη | |||||||||||
n | ὄρσον | ὀρσόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: ὀρέω, ὀρέομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὀρέω | ὀρέεις | ὀρέει | ὀρέετον | ὀρέετον | ὀρέομεν | ὀρέετε | ὀρέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ὀρέοιμῐ | ὀρέοισ(θᾰ) | ὀρέοι | ὀρέοιτον | ὀρεοίτην | ὀρέοιμεν | ὀρέοιτε | ὀρέοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ὀρέομαι | ὀρέεαι | ὀρέεται | ὀρέεσθον | ὀρέεσθον | ὀρεόμε(σ)θᾰ | ὀρέεσθε | ὀρέονται | ||||
optative | ὀρεοίμην | ὀρέοιο | ὀρέοιτο | ὀρέοισθον | ὀρεοίσθην | ὀρεοίμε(σ)θᾰ | ὀρέοισθε | ὀρεοίᾰτο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ὀρέειν | ὀρέεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ὀρέων | ὀρεόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ὀρέουσᾰ | ὀρεομένη | |||||||||||
n | ὀρέον | ὀρεόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: ὀρέω, ὀρεῦμαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὀρέω | ὀρεῖς | ὀρεῖ | ὀρεῖτον | ὀρεῖτον | ὀρεῦμεν | ὀρεῖτε | ὀρεῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ὀρέοιμι | ὀρέοις | ὀρέοι | ὀρέοιτον | ὀρεοίτην | ὀρέοιμεν | ὀρέοιτε | ὀρέοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ὀρεῦμαι | ὀρεῖαι/ὀρέαι | ὀρεῖται | ὀρεῖσθον | ὀρεῖσθον | ὀρεύμε(σ)θᾰ | ὀρεῖσθε | ὀρεῦνται | ||||
optative | ὀρεοίμην | ὀρέοιο | ὀρέοιτο | ὀρέοισθον | ὀρεοίσθην | ὀρεοίμε(σ)θᾰ | ὀρέοισθε | Îὀρᾰ́το | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ὀρεῖν/ὀρήμεναι/ὀρῆναι | ὀρεῖσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ὀρέων | ὀρεύμενος | ||||||||||
f | ὀρεῦσᾰ | ὀρευμένη | |||||||||||
n | ὀρεῦν | ὀρεύμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ὦρσᾰ, ὠρσᾰ́μην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὦρσᾰ | ὦρσᾰς | ὦρσε(ν) | ὤρσᾰτον | ὠρσᾰ́την | ὤρσᾰμεν | ὤρσᾰτε | ὦρσᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | ὄρσω | ὄρσῃς | ὄρσῃ | ὄρσητον | ὄρσητον | ὄρσωμεν | ὄρσητε | ὄρσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ὄρσαιμῐ | ὄρσειᾰς, ὄρσαις |
ὄρσειε(ν), ὄρσαι |
ὄρσαιτον | ὀρσαίτην | ὄρσαιμεν | ὄρσαιτε | ὄρσειᾰν, ὄρσαιεν | |||||
imperative | ὄρσον | ὀρσᾰ́τω | ὄρσᾰτον | ὀρσᾰ́των | ὄρσᾰτε | ὀρσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ὠρσᾰ́μην | ὤρσω | ὤρσᾰτο | ὤρσᾰσθον | ὠρσᾰ́σθην | ὠρσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ὤρσᾰσθε | ὤρσᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | ὄρσωμαι | ὄρσῃ | ὄρσηται | ὄρσησθον | ὄρσησθον | ὀρσώμεθᾰ | ὄρσησθε | ὄρσωνται | |||||
optative | ὀρσαίμην | ὄρσαιο | ὄρσαιτο | ὄρσαισθον | ὀρσαίσθην | ὀρσαίμεθᾰ | ὄρσαισθε | ὄρσαιντο | |||||
imperative | ὄρσαι | ὀρσᾰ́σθω | ὄρσᾰσθον | ὀρσᾰ́σθων | ὄρσᾰσθε | ὀρσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ὄρσαι | ὄρσᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ὄρσᾱς | ὀρσᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
f | ὄρσᾱσᾰ | ὀρσᾰμένη | |||||||||||
n | ὄρσᾰν | ὀρσᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὄρσᾰσκᾰ | ὄρσᾰσκᾰς | ὄρσᾰσκε(ν) | ὀρσᾰ́σκᾰτον | ὀρσᾰσκᾰ́την | ὀρσᾰ́σκᾰμεν | ὀρσᾰ́σκᾰτε | ὄρσᾰσκᾰν | ||||
middle | indicative | ὀρσᾰσκᾰ́μην | ὀρσᾰ́σκω | ὀρσᾰ́σκᾰτο | ὀρσᾰ́σκᾰσθον | ὀρσᾰσκᾰ́σθην | ὀρσᾰσκᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | ὀρσᾰ́σκᾰσθε | ὀρσᾰ́σκᾰντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὦρον | ὦρες | ὦρε(ν) | ὤρετον | ὠρέτην | ὤρομεν | ὤρετε | ὦρον | ||||
subjunctive | ὄρω, ὄρωμῐ |
ὄρῃς, ὄρῃσθᾰ |
ὄρῃ, ὄρῃσῐ |
ὄρητον | ὄρητον | ὄρωμεν | ὄρητε | ὄρωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ὄροιμῐ | ὄροις/ὄροισθᾰ | ὄροι | ὀρεῖτον | ὀρείτην | ὀρεῖμεν | ὀρεῖτε | ὀρεῖεν | |||||
imperative | ὄρε | ὀρέτω | ὄρετον | ὀρέτων | ὄρετε | ὀρόντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ὠρόμην | ὤρεο | ὤρετο, ὦρτο |
ὤρεσθον | ὠρέσθην | ὠρόμε(σ)θᾰ | ὤρεσθε | ὤροντο | ||||
subjunctive | ὄρωμαι, ὀρώμαιμῐ |
ὄρηαι, ὄρηαι |
ὄρηται, ὀρήταισῐ |
ὄρησθον | ὄρησθον | ὀρώμε(σ)θᾰ | ὄρησθε | ὄρωνται | |||||
optative | ὀροίμην | ὄροιο | ὄροιτο | ὄροισθον | ὀροίσθην | ὀροίμε(σ)θᾰ | ὄροισθε | ὀροίᾰτο | |||||
imperative | ὄρσο, ὄρσεο, ὄρσευ |
ὀρέσθω | ὄρεσθον | ὀρέσθων | ὄρεσθε | ὀρέσθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ὤρθην | ὤρθης | ὤρθη | ὤρθητον | ὠρθήτην | ὤρθημεν | ὤρθητε | ὤρθησᾰν, ὦρθεν | ||||
subjunctive | ὀρθῶ, ὀρθῶμῐ |
ὀρθῇς, ὀρθῇσθᾰ |
ὀρθῇ, ὀρθῇσῐ |
ὀρθῆτον | ὀρθῆτον | ὀρθῶμεν | ὀρθῆτε | ὀρθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ὀρθείην | ὀρθείης | ὀρθείη | ὀρθεῖτον, ὀρθείητον |
ὀρθείτην, ὀρθειήτην |
ὀρθεῖμεν, ὀρθείημεν |
ὀρθεῖτε, ὀρθείητε |
ὄρθειεν, ὀρθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | ὄρθητῐ | ὀρθήτω | ὄρθητον | ὀρθήτων | ὄρθητε | ὀρθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ὀρεῖν/ὀρέμεν(αι) | ὄρθαι | ὀρθῆναι/ὀρθήμεναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ὀρών | ὀρόμενος, ὄρμενος |
ὀρθείς | |||||||||
f | ὀροῦσᾰ | ὀρομένη, ὀρμένη |
ὀρθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | ὀρόν | ὀρόμενον, ὄρμενον |
ὀρθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ὀρόμην | ὄρεο | ὄρετο | ὄρεσθον | ὀρέσθην | ὀρόμε(σ)θᾰ | ὄρεσθε | ὄροντο, ὀρέοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὤρορον | ὤρορες | ὤρορε(ν) | ὠρόρετον | ὠρορέτην | ὠρόρομεν | ὠρόρετε | ὤρορον | ||||
subjunctive | ὀρόρω, ὀρόρωμῐ |
ὀρόρῃς, ὀρόρῃσθᾰ |
ὀρόρῃ, ὀρόρῃσῐ |
ὀρόρητον | ὀρόρητον | ὀρόρωμεν | ὀρόρητε | ὀρόρωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ὀρόροιμῐ | ὀρόροις/ὀρόροισθᾰ | ὀρόροι | ὀρορεῖτον | ὀρορείτην | ὀρορεῖμεν | ὀρορεῖτε | ὀρορεῖεν | |||||
imperative | ὄρορε | ὀρορέτω | ὀρόρετον | ὀρορέτων | ὀρόρετε | ὀρορόντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ὠρορόμην | ὠρόρεο | ὠρόρετο | ὠρόρεσθον | ὠρορέσθην | ὠρορόμε(σ)θᾰ | ὠρόρεσθε | ὠρόροντο | ||||
subjunctive | ὀρόρωμαι, ὀρορώμαιμῐ |
ὀρόρηαι, ὀρόρηαι |
ὀρόρηται, ὀρορήταισῐ |
ὀρόρησθον | ὀρόρησθον | ὀρορώμε(σ)θᾰ | ὀρόρησθε | ὀρόρωνται | |||||
optative | ὀροροίμην | ὀρόροιο | ὀρόροιτο | ὀρόροισθον | ὀροροίσθην | ὀροροίμε(σ)θᾰ | ὀρόροισθε | ὀροροίᾰτο | |||||
imperative | ὀρόρεο | ὀρορέσθω | ὀρόρεσθον | ὀρορέσθων | ὀρόρεσθε | ὀρορέσθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ὀρορεῖν/ὀρορέμεν(αι) | ὀρορέσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ὀρορών | ὀρορόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ὀροροῦσᾰ | ὀρορομένη | |||||||||||
n | ὀρορόν | ὀρορόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: ὄρωρᾰ, ὀρώρεμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὄρωρᾰ | ὄρωρᾰς | ὄρωρε(ν) | ὀρώρᾰτον | ὀρώρᾰτον | ὀρώρᾰμεν | ὀρώρᾰτε | ὀρώρᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ὀρώρω | ὀρώρῃς | ὀρώρῃ | ὀρώρητον | ὀρώρητον | ὀρώρωμεν | ὀρώρητε | ὀρώρωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ὀρώροιμῐ, ὀρωροίην |
ὀρώροις, ὀρωροίης |
ὀρώροι, ὀρωροίη |
ὀρώροιτον | ὀρωροίτην | ὀρώροιμεν | ὀρώροιτε | ὀρώροιεν | |||||
imperative | ὄρωρε | ὀρωρέτω | ὀρώρετον | ὀρωρέτων | ὀρώρετε | ὀρωρόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ὀρώρεμαι | ὀρώρεσαι | ὀρώρεται | ὀρώρεσθον | ὀρώρεσθον | ὀρωρέμεθᾰ | ὀρώρεσθε | ὀρώρενται | ||||
subjunctive | ὀρωρεμένος ὦ | ὀρωρεμένος ᾖς | ὀρωρεμένος ᾖ | ὀρωρεμένω ἦτον | ὀρωρεμένω ἦτον | ὀρωρεμένοι ὦμεν | ὀρωρεμένοι ἦτε | ὀρωρεμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ὀρωρεμένος εἴην | ὀρωρεμένος εἴης | ὀρωρεμένος εἴη | ὀρωρεμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον | ὀρωρεμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | ὀρωρεμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | ὀρωρεμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | ὀρωρεμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | ὀρώρεσο | ὀρωρέσθω | ὀρώρεσθον | ὀρωρέσθων | ὀρώρεσθε | ὀρωρέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ὀρωρέναι | ὀρωρέσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ὀρωρώς | ὀρωρεμένος | ||||||||||
f | ὀρωρυῖᾰ | ὀρωρεμένη | |||||||||||
n | ὀρωρός | ὀρωρεμένον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Pluperfect: ὀρώρειν, ὀρωρέμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὀρώρειν, ὀρώρη |
ὀρώρεις, ὀρώρης |
ὀρώρει(ν) | ὀρώρετον | ὀρωρέτην | ὀρώρεμεν | ὀρώρετε | ὀρώρεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ὀρωρέμην | ὀρώρεσο | ὀρώρετο | ὀρώρεσθον | ὀρωρέσθην | ὀρωρέμεθᾰ | ὀρώρεσθε | ὀρώρεντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
References
- ὄρνυμι in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ὄρνυμι in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ὄρνυμι in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ὄρνυμι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ὄρνυμι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326
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