一日

Chinese
 
one; single; a; (before verbs) as soon as, once; (before a noun) entire (family, etc.)
 
day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)
simp. and trad.
(一日)		 一 日

Pronunciation
Note:
  • siŏh-nĭk - vernacular;
  • ék-nĭk - literary.

Noun

一日

  1. (literary or dialectal) one day

Derived terms
Derived terms from 一日

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
一 日
Grade: 1 Grade: 1
jukujikun

/tuki tati/ → /t͡suitat͡ɕi/

Originally a compound of 月 (tsuki, “moon; month”) +‎ 立ち (tachi, “standing; starting, occurring”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 立つ (tatsu, “to stand up; to start, to occur”)).[1][2][3] The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • (Irregular reading)
    • (Tokyo) ついたち​ [tsùítáchíꜜ] (Odaka – [4])[2][4]
    • IPA(key): [t͡sɨᵝita̠t͡ɕi]

Noun

一日 (hiragana ついたち, rōmaji tsuitachi)

  1. the first day of the month (solar or lunar calendar)
Usage notes

The tsuitachi reading is the most common for the “first day of the month” sense when referring to dates.

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 朔日 (ついたち)丸 (がん) (tsuitachigan): a common kind of contraceptive in the Edo period, taken on the first of every month
  • 朔日 (ついたち)草 (そう) (tsuitachisō): alternate name for 福 (ふく)寿 (じゅ)草 (そう) (fukujusō): pheasant's eye or adonis
  • 朔日 (ついたち)降 (ぶ)り (tsuitachiburi): rainfall or snowfall on the first day of the month
  • 朔日 (ついたち)松 (まつ) (tsuitachimatsu): a ceremonial potted pine tree placed at the household gate at the New Year
  • 朔日 (ついたち)道 (みち) (tsuitachimichi), 朔日 (ついたち)路 (みち) (tsuitachimichi): a ceremonial clearing of a path to the family grave in preparation for the Bon Festival

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
一 日
いち
Grade: 1		 にち
Grade: 1
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 一日 (ʔiɪt̚ ȵiɪt̚, literally “one + day”). Compare modern Hakka reading yit-ngit.

The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • On’yomi: Goon
  • When used as a modifier, the term takes pitch accent pattern 0.

Noun

一日 (hiragana いちにち, rōmaji ichinichi)

  1. one day, 24 hours
    一 (いち)日 (にち)を過 (す)ごす
    ichinichi o sugosu
    to spend a day
    • 1997 December 12, Abiko, Miwa, “みかん・絵日記　おはなし⑦ [Mikan Picture Diary: Story ⑦]”, in みかん・絵日記 [Mikan Picture Diary], volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Hakusensha, page 14:
      充 (じゅう)実 (じつ)した一 (いち)日 (にち)でしたね♡お父 (とう)さん
      Jūjitsushita ichinichi deshita ne ♡ otō-san
      What a fun-filled day ♡ right honey?
  2. the daytime, the period from dawn until dusk
  3. (figuratively) a short period of time
    ローマは一日 (いちにち)にして成 (な)らず
    rōma wa ichinichi ni shite narazu
    Rome wasn't built in a day
  4. one day, someday, an unspecified day
  5. the first day of the month
Usage notes

The ichinichi reading appears to be somewhat more common than synonymous ichijitsu below. There may be dialectal differences in usage patterns.

The tsuitachi reading is the most common for the “first day of the month” sense when referring to dates.

Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
一 日
いち
Grade: 1		 じつ
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 一日 (ʔiɪt̚ ȵiɪt̚, literally “one + day”). Compare modern Min Nan reading chi̍t-ji̍t.

This reading uses the goon for the first character and the kan'on for the second character, suggesting a shift in reading after the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation
  • On’yomi
  • When used as a modifier, the term takes pitch accent pattern 0.

Noun

一日 (hiragana いちじつ, rōmaji ichijitsu)

  1. (literary) one day, 24 hours
  2. (literary) the daytime, the period from dawn until dusk
  3. (literary) (figuratively) a short period of time
Usage notes

The synonymous ichinichi reading appears to be somewhat more common. There may be dialectal differences in usage patterns.

The tsuitachi reading is the most common for the “first day of the month” sense when referring to dates.

Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 4
Kanji in this term
一 日
いつ > いっ
Grade: 1		 ひ > ぴ
Grade: 1
jūbakoyomi

Compound of 一 (ichi, “one”, on'yomi, or Chinese-derived reading) +‎ 日 (hi, “day”, kun'yomi, or native-Japanese reading).[2]

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

一日 (hiragana いっぴ, rōmaji ippi, historical hiragana いつぴ)

  1. (rare) the first day of the month
Usage notes

This reading appears to be quite rare. There may be dialectal differences in usage patterns.

Etymology 5
Kanji in this term
一 日
ひと
Grade: 1		 ひ
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Compound of 一 (hito, “one”) +‎ 日 (hi, “day”).[1][2][3] Appears in The Tale of Genji of the early 1000s CE.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

一日 (hiragana ひとひ, rōmaji hitohi)

  1. (obsolete) one day, 24 hours
  2. (obsolete) the daytime, the period from dawn until dusk

Etymology 6
Kanji in this term
一 日
ひと
Grade: 1		 ひ > え
Grade: 1
Irregular

/hitohi/ → /hitohe/ → /hitoe/

Shift in pronunciation from hitohi above.[1]

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • (Irregular reading)
    • IPA(key): [çi̥to̞e̞]

Noun

一日 (hiragana ひとえ, rōmaji hitoe, historical hiragana ひとへ)

  1. (rare, obsolete) (all senses appear to be identical as for hitohi above)

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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