亂

See also: 乱
亂 U+4E82, 亂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E82
← 亁
[U+4E81] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 亃 →
[U+4E83]
亂 U+F91B, 亂
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F91B
← 駱
[U+F91A] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 卵 →
[U+F91C]

Translingual
Japanese 乱
Simplified 乱
Traditional 亂

Han character

亂 (radical 5, 乙+12, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月月山 (BBU), four-corner 22210, composition ⿰𤔔乚)

Derived characters
  • 𠏢, 薍, 𥂽

Descendants

References
  • KangXi: page 84, character 33
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 214
  • Dae Jaweon: page 173, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 57, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+4E82

Chinese
trad. 亂
simp. 乱

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 亂
Bronze inscriptions

b20264

Small seal script

s10943

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (亂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
覼 *roːl
亂 *roːns
薍 *ŋroːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *roːns) : phonetic 𤔔 (OC *) + semantic 乚.

Pronunciation
Note:
  • luêng6 - Chaozhou;
  • luang6 - Shantou.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 亂
Mandarin Beijing /luan⁵¹/
Harbin /lan⁵³/
/luan⁵³/
Tianjin /lan⁵³/
/luan⁵³/
Jinan /luã²¹/
Qingdao /luã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /luan³¹²/
Xi'an /luã⁴⁴/
Xining /luã²¹³/
Yinchuan /luan¹³/
Lanzhou /luɛ̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /luan²¹³/
Wuhan /nan³⁵/
Chengdu /nuan¹³/
Guiyang /luan²¹³/
Kunming /luã̠²¹²/
Nanjing /luaŋ⁴⁴/
Hefei /lʊ̃⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /luæ̃⁴⁵/
Pingyao /luɑŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /luæ̃⁵⁵/
/læ̃⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /lø²³/
Suzhou /lø³¹/
Hangzhou /luõ¹³/
Wenzhou /lø²²/
Hui Shexian /lo²²/
Tunxi /luːə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /lõ⁵⁵/
/lõ¹¹/
Xiangtan /nɔn²¹/
Gan Nanchang /lɵn²¹/
Hakka Meixian /lon⁵³/
Taoyuan /lon⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lyn²²/
Nanning /lyn²²/
Hong Kong /lyn²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /luan²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /luɑŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /luiŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /luaŋ³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /luaŋ³⁵/
/lui²³/
Rime
Character 亂
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 郎段切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /luɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /lʷɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /luɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lwanH/
Li
Rong		 /luɑnH/
Wang
Li		 /luɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /luɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 luàn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 亂
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 luàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ lwanH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[r]ˁo[n]-s/
English disorder, rebellion

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 亂
Reading # 1/1
No. 8645
Phonetic
component		 亂
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 亂
Old
Chinese		 /*roːns/

Definitions

亂

  1. disorderly; chaotic
    亂到狗竇噉 / 乱到狗窦噉 [Cantonese]  ―  lyun6 dou3 gau2 dau3 gam2 [Jyutping]  ―  as messy as a dog's nest
  2. disorder; chaos; disarray
  3. turbulent
  4. unrest; uprising; revolt; rebellion
  5. confused
  6. promiscuous
  7. wildly; in an uncontrolled way; without order or reason; at random; haphazardly; having no direction or coherence; recklessly
    亂說 / 乱说  ―  luànshuō  ―  to say whatever is on one's mind
    亂舞 / 乱舞  ―  luànwǔ  ―  to dance in an unorganized, uncoordinated way

Compounds
Derived terms from 亂

Japanese

Shinjitai

 乱

Kyūjitai

 亂

Kanji
亂

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 乱)

  1. turbulent

Readings

Korean

Hanja

亂 • (ran) (hangeul 란, revised ran, McCune–Reischauer ran)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

亂 (loạn, loàn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
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