二十日

Japanese
Kanji in this term
二 十 日
Grade: 1 Grade: 1 か
Grade: 1
jukujikun kun’yomi

Alternative forms
  • 20日, 廿日

Etymology

Two likely derivations:

  • From 二十 (hata, “twenty”, by way of apophonic form hatsu-) +‎ 日 (-ka, counter for days), or
  • A shift from 二十歳 (hatachi, “twenty”) +‎ 日 (-ka, counter for days):
    /ɸatat͡ɕi ka/ → */ɸat̚t͡ɕɨka/ → /ɸat͡ɕuka/ → /hat͡ɕuka/

(Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation
  • (Irregular reading)

Noun

二十日 (hiragana はつか, rōmaji hatsuka)

  1. the twentieth day of the month
  2. twenty days
  3. Short for 二十日鼠 (hatsuka nezumi): a house mouse

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)亥 (い)中 (なか) (hatsuka inaka)
  • 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)夷 (えびす), 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)戎 (えびす),二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)恵 (え)比 (び)須 (す) (hatsuka ebisu)
  • 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)灸 (きゅう) (hatsuka-kyū)
  • 二 (ハ)十 (ツ)日 (カ)草 (グサ) (hatsukagusa)
  • 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)正月 (しょうがつ) (hatsuka shōgatsu)
  • 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)先代 (せんだい) (hatsuka sendai)
  • 二 (ハ)十 (ツ)日 (カ)大 (ダイ)根 (コン) (hatsuka daikon)
  • 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)団 (だん)子 (ご) (hatsuka dango)
  • 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)月 (づき) (hatsukazuki)
  • 二 (ハ)十 (ツ)日 (カ)鼠 (ネズミ), 鼷鼠 (ハツカネズミ) (hatsuka nezumi, “house mouse”)
  • 二 (ハ)十 (ツ)日 (カ)兎 (ネズミ) (hatsuka nezumi, “pika”)
  • 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)盆 (ぼん) (hatsukabon)
  • 二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か)宵 (よい)闇 (やみ) (hatsuka yoiyami)
  • 二百 (にひゃく)二 (は)十 (つ)日 (か) (nihyaku hatsuka)

Proverbs
  • 蛍二十日 (ほたるはつか)に蝉 (せみ)三 (みっ)日 (か) (hotaru hatsuka ni semi mikka)

References
  1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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