以前

Chinese

		to use; according to; so as to to use; according to; so as to; in order to; by; with; because; Israel (abbrev.)	front, forepart; in front; past front, forepart; in front; past; former; previous; last; before; preceding; earlier; ago; future; time ahead; first; top; battlefront; to move forward
simp. and trad. (以前)		以	前

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǐqián

(Zhuyin): ㄧˇ ㄑㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁵ cin⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî-chhièn
Min Nan (POJ): í-chêng / í-chûiⁿ / í-châiⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yǐqián
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˇ ㄑㄧㄢˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yyichyan
  - IPA ^(key): /i²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji⁵ cin⁴
  - Yale: yíh chìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁵ tsin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi⁵ qin⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /jiː¹³ t͡sʰiːn²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-chhièn
  - Hakka Romanization System: i´ qienˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ qian²
  - IPA: /i²⁴ t͡ɕʰi̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-chhièn
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)i´ qienˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi¹ qian²
  - IPA: /(j)i²⁴ t͡ɕʰi̯en¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-chêng
  - Tâi-lô: í-tsîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: yzeeng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɪŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɪŋ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɪŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-chûiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: í-tsuînn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: yzvuii
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡suĩ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-châiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: í-tsâinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: yzvaai
  - IPA (Kinmen): /i⁵³⁻²⁴ t͡sãɪ²⁴/

Adverb

以前

previously

Synonyms

先前 (xiānqián)
在前 (zàiqián)
從前／从前 (cóngqián)
早前 (zǎoqián) (dialectal)
早年所 (Min Nan)

早時／早时 (Min Nan)
昔日 (xīrì) (literary)
昔時／昔时 (xīshí) (literary)
曾經／曾经 (céngjīng)

Postposition

以前

before (a certain point in time); ago

Further reading

“Entry #1349”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
以	前
い Grade: 4	ぜん Grade: 2
on’yomi

Noun

以前 (hiragana いぜん, rōmaji izen)

(the one) before, formerly, ago
the former, the previous

References

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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