merit; achievement; result merit; achievement; result; service; accomplishment |
name; fame; to describe name; fame; to describe; place | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (功名) |
功 | 名 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 功 | 名 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 古紅切 | 武并切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kuŋ/ | /miᴇŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kuŋ/ | /miɛŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kuŋ/ | /miæŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kəwŋ/ | /miajŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/kuŋ/ | /miɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/kuŋ/ | /mĭɛŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kuŋ/ | /mi̯ɛŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
gōng | míng |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 功 | 名 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
gōng | míng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kuwng › | ‹ mjieng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*kˁoŋ/ | /*C.meŋ/ |
| English | work, effort | name |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 功 | 名 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 4021 | 9178 |
| Phonetic component |
工 | 名 |
| Rime group |
東 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
公 | 名 |
| Old Chinese |
/*koːŋ/ | /*meŋ/ |
功名