可汗

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (可汗)		可	汗
variant forms		可寒 archaic 合罕 archaic 汗 abbreviation

Etymology

Borrowed from a Mongolic or Turkic language; compare Mongolian ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (qaɣan) and Old Turkic 𐰴𐰍𐰣‎ (qaɣan). First attested at around the 3^rd century.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kèhán

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄜˋ ㄏㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hak¹ hon⁴
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khiak-hân

(Teochew, Peng'im): kiog⁴ hang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: kèhán
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˋ ㄏㄢˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kehharn
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ⁵¹ xän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: hak¹ hon⁴
  - Yale: hāk hòhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hak⁷ hon⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: heg¹ hon⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /hɐk̚⁵ hɔːn²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak-hân
  - Tâi-lô: khiak-hân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiakhaan
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ han²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kiog⁴ hang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khiok hâng
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰiok̚²⁻⁴ haŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɑ^X ɦɑn/▼

Rime
Character	可	汗
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	枯我切	胡安切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɦɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɦɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɣɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰa^X/	/ɦan/
Li Rong	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɣɑn/
Wang Li	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɣɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰɑ^X/	/ɣɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kě	hán

Noun

可汗

khagan; khan (Classifier: 位)

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