汗

汗 U+6C57, 汗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C57
← 汖
[U+6C56] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 汘 →
[U+6C58]

Translingual

Han character

汗 (radical 85, 水+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 水一十 (EMJ), four-corner 31140, composition ⿰氵干)

References
  • KangXi: page 605, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17130
  • Dae Jaweon: page 999, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1550, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6C57

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 汗

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
訐 *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad
肝 *kaːn
竿 *kaːn
干 *kaːn
奸 *kaːn
玕 *kaːn
汗 *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns
迀 *kaːn
忓 *kaːn, *ɡaːns
鳱 *kaːn
邗 *kaːn, *ɡaːn
秆 *kaːnʔ
矸 *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns
仠 *kaːnʔ
皯 *kaːnʔ
衦 *kaːnʔ
簳 *kaːnʔ
擀 *kaːnʔ
旰 *kaːns
盰 *kaːns
幹 *kaːns
杆 *kaːns
骭 *kaːns, *ɡraːns
桿 *kaːnʔ
趕 *kaːnʔ
稈 *kaːnʔ
刊 *kʰaːn
靬 *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan
衎 *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns
犴 *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns
豻 *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn
頇 *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd
岸 *ŋɡaːns
鼾 *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns
罕 *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns
焊 *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns
蔊 *qʰaːnʔ
虷 *ɡaːn
旱 *ɡaːnʔ
皔 *ɡaːnʔ
釬 *ɡaːns
扞 *ɡaːns
閈 *ɡaːns
馯 *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn
捍 *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ
悍 *ɡaːns
銲 *ɡaːns
垾 *ɡaːns
駻 *ɡaːns
睅 *ɡʷranʔ
娨 *ɡraːns
飦 *kan
赶 *ɡan, *ɡʷad
軒 *qʰan
蓒 *qʰan
酐 *qʰaːŋʔ
澣 *ɡʷaːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns) : semantic 水 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-(k/ŋ)rul (“sweat”). Compare Tibetan རྔུལ (rngul, “sweat”).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • gâng - vernacular;
  • hâng - literary.
Note:
  • kōaⁿ - vernacular;
  • hān - literary.
Note:
  • guan7 - vernacular;
  • hang2 - literary.
Rime
Character 汗
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 侯旰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦanH/
Li
Rong		 /ɣɑnH/
Wang
Li		 /ɣɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hàn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 汗
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 hàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hanH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*Cə.[ɡ]ˁa[r]-s/
English sweat (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 汗
Reading # 3/3
No. 3616
Phonetic
component		 干
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 翰
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡaːns/

Definitions

汗

  1. sweat; perspiration (Classifier: 滴)
    我正流著汗。 / 我正流着汗。  ―  Wǒ zhèng liú zhe hàn.  ―  I'm dripping with sweat.
    出了一頭大汗 / 出了一头大汗  ―  chū le yī tóu dà hàn  ―  to sweat so much that the head is drenched
  2. (literary) to sweat; to perspire
  3. (literary) condensation on bamboo when put over fire
  4. (Internet slang) Word used to express embarrassment, speechlessness or helplessness.

Compounds
Derived terms from 汗

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 汗
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡安切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦan/
Li
Rong		 /ɣɑn/
Wang
Li		 /ɣɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hán
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 汗
Reading # 2/3
No. 3612
Phonetic
component		 干
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 寒
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡaːn/

Definitions

汗

  1. Short for 可汗 (kèhán).

Compounds
Derived terms from 汗

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 汗
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古寒切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kan/
Li
Rong		 /kɑn/
Wang
Li		 /kɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gān
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 汗
Reading # 1/3
No. 3573
Phonetic
component		 干
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 干
Old
Chinese		 /*kaːn/

Definitions

汗

  1. Only used in 餘汗／馀汗.

Japanese

Kanji
汗

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. sweat

Readings

Pronunciation

Noun

汗 (hiragana あせ, rōmaji ase)

  1. sweat

Derived terms
  • 汗 (あせ)をかく (ase o kaku)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
汗
かん
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 汗 (MC ɦɑn, kɑn, ɦɑnH).

Pronunciation

Noun

汗 (hiragana かん, rōmaji kan)

  1. Synonym of ハン (han): khan

Affix

汗 (hiragana かん, rōmaji kan)

  1. sweat

References
  1. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  2. 2002, 京阪系アクセント辞典 (A Dictionary of Tone on Words of the Keihan-type Dialects) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Bensei, →ISBN
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

汗 (eum 한 (han))

  1. (땀 한, ttam-): sweat
  2. (물 질펀할 한, mul-jilpeonhal-): flood
  3. (되 임금 한, doe-imgeum-): khan

Synonyms

Compounds

See also

Okinawan

Kanji

汗

Readings
  • Native: あし (ashi)

Noun

汗 (hiragana あし, romaji ashi)

  1. sweat

Vietnamese

Han character

汗: Hán Nôm readings: hãn

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