安
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Translingual
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Stroke order | |||
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Han character
安 (radical 40, 宀+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 十女 (JV), four-corner 30404, composition ⿱宀女)
Derived characters
Descendants
- あ (Hiragana character derived from man'yōgana)
References
- KangXi: page 282, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7072
- Dae Jaweon: page 552, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 913, character 9
- Unihan data for U+5B89
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
安 | |
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variant forms | 侒 𠕷 𭑨 𡚴 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 安 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (安) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
安 | *qaːn |
鞍 | *qaːn |
鞌 | *qaːn |
侒 | *qaːn |
按 | *qaːns |
案 | *qaːns |
洝 | *qaːns |
荌 | *qaːns |
晏 | *qaːns, *qraːns |
鴳 | *qraːns |
騴 | *qraːns |
鷃 | *qraːns |
頞 | *qaːd |
胺 | *qaːd |
咹 | *qaːd |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 宀 (“house”) + 女 (“a woman or a kneeling person”) – person in a kneeling position sitting on the heels at home.
Etymology
A parallel stem is 宴 (OC *qeːns, “to be at ease; to rest”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).
Cognate with 按 (OC *qaːns, “to push down with hand”), an exoactive derivative, literally “to cause to be settled; calmed” (ibid.).
Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔɨāɫ (“rest”), comparing it to Mizo âwl (“to rest”) (and also noting Dhimal [script needed] (el-ka, “good”)). STEDT, however, traces the Mizo word to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-grwal ~ *ʔwal (“finish, loose, relax”) and did not list 安 (OC *qaːn) among its comparanda: namely 完 (OC *ɦŋoːn), 緩 (OC *ɢʷaːnʔ), 諼 (OC *qʰʷan, *qʰʷanʔ), 援 (OC *ɢʷans, *ɢʷan).
Pronunciation
Definitions
安
- calm; peaceful; tranquil; quiet
- comfortable; at ease
- safe; secure
- to calm; to pacify
- to feel satisfied with
- to find a place for; to plant
- to fit; to install
- to cherish; to harbour
- to confer (a title); to bestow; to put (the blame on someone)
- where
- 沛公安在? [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, circa 91 BCE
- Pèigōng ān zài? [Pinyin]
- Where is Pei Gong (Liu Bang)?
- how; why
- 雄兔腳撲朔,雌兔眼迷離。兩兔傍地走,安能辨我是雄雌? [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 《木蘭詩》; translation by Jack Yuan
- Xióngtù jiǎo pūshuò, cítù yǎn mílí. Liǎng tù bàng dì zǒu, ān néng biàn wǒ shì xióngcí? [Pinyin]
- The buck bounds here and there, whilst the doe has narrow eyes. But when the two rabbits run side by side, how can you tell the female from the male?
雄兔脚扑朔,雌兔眼迷离。两兔傍地走,安能辨我是雄雌? [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (physics) Short for 安培 (ānpéi, “ampere”).
- A surname.
Compounds
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Japanese
Readings
Affix
Derived terms
- 塩安 (en'an): ammonium chloride
- 硝安 (shōan): ammonium nitrate
- 炭安 (tan'an): ammonium carbonate
- 硫安 (ryūan): ammonium sulphate
- 燐安 (rin'an): ammonium phosphate
- 安易 (an'i)
- 安逸 (an'itsu)
- 安穏 (annon)
- 安危 (anki)
- 安心 (anshin), 安心 (anjin)
- 安息 (ansoku)
- 安泰 (antai)
- 安置 (anchi)
- 安直 (anchoku)
- 安堵 (ando)
- 安寧 (annei)
- 安否 (anpi)
- 安眠 (anmin)
- 安楽 (anraku)
- 安宿 (yasuyado)
Korean
Vietnamese
Han character
安: Hán Việt readings: an[1][2][3][4][5], yên[4][5]
安: Nôm readings: yên[1][2][3][6][4][7], an[1][2][4][7], án[1], ăn[1]
Compounds
References
- Nguyễn (2014).
- Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- Trần (2004).
- Bonet (1899).
- Génibrel (1898).
- Hồ (1976).
- Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).