See also:
U+662F, 是
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-662F

[U+662E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6630]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

(radical 72, +5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 日一卜人 (AMYO), four-corner 60801, composition𤴓)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 493, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13859
  • Dae Jaweon: page 858, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1497, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+662F

Chinese

simp. and trad.
variant forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Shizhoupian script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*teː
*teː, *deː
*teː, *teːʔ, *dje
*teː
*teːs, *deː
*tʰeːʔ, *deː
*tʰeːʔ, *deː
*deː, *dje
*deː
*deː, *deːs
*deː, *deːʔ, *djeʔ
*deː, *deʔ, *djeʔ
*deː, *tje, *dje
*deː
*deː
*deː, *deːs, *djes
*deːs, *deʔ
*deʔ, *djeʔ
*dje
*djeʔ
*djeʔ
*hljes, *kles
*tʰeːns
*djɯɡ
*dɯɡ
*djɯɡ

Originally a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *djeʔ) : semantic  + phonetic  (OC *kjɯʔ), but the original meaning is unclear. It has been suggested that looks like a spoon, so may have been the original character for (OC *dje, “spoon”). As early as in late bronze inscriptions, the lower part of split off and combined with to give , which carried over to the small seal script, and Shuowen considers this a compound of (sun) +  (upright; right) (i.e. as the upright sun).

Etymology

“This [an independent pronoun] > be right, correct, to be, so”. From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-daj ~ m-di (that; this). Cognate with Tibetan དེ (de, that), Jingpho dai, ndai (this).

Cognate with (OC *djɯɡ, “this”), (OC *ɦliɡ, “this”) and (OC *djeʔ, “to examine, to consider”).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (25)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʑiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ʑiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʑjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ʑiə̆X/
Li
Rong
/ʑieX/
Wang
Li
/ʑǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʑie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shì
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shì
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzyeX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[d]eʔ/
English this

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11645
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*djeʔ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. this; this thing
       shì   this day
  2. (copulative) to be
    1. indicating that the subject and object are the same.
      泰晤士河英國第二河流 [MSC, trad.]
      泰晤士河英国第二河流 [MSC, simp.]
      Tàiwùshìhé shì Yīngguó dì'èr cháng de héliú. [Pinyin]
      The River Thames is the second longest river in the UK.
    2. indicating that the subject has the qualities described by a noun or noun phrase.
      老師 / 老师   shì lǎoshī.   I am a teacher.
      中國人 / 中国人   shì zhōngguórén.   I am Chinese.
    3. indicating a place being occupied by the object, where the place forms the subject.
      房子前面禾場 / 房子前面禾场   Fángzǐ qiánmiàn shì héchǎng.   The threshing floor is in front of the house.
      到處 / 到处   dàochù dōu shì   to be everywhere
  3. a particle emphasizing the word following it.
    昨天 / 昨天   shì zuótiān mǎi de piào.   It was yesterday when I bought the ticket.
    昨天 / 昨天   Wǒ mǎi piào shì zài zuótiān.   It was yesterday when I bought the ticket.
  4. a particle showing agreement. In this meaning, is stressed. truly; indeed.
    天氣 / 天气   Tiānqì shì lěng.   It is indeed cold.
    長官 / 长官   Shì, zhǎngguān.   Yes, sir.
    裙子漂亮但是 [MSC, trad.]
    裙子漂亮但是 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè jiàn qúnzi shì hěn piàoliàng, dànshì tài guì le. [Pinyin]
    Although this dress is truly beautiful, it's too expensive.
  5. (only in compounds) true, correct
    •    shì   fault; mistake; wrongdoing
    • /    nǐ shuō de shì   What you said is right
    •    gè xíng qí shì   to have each going his own way, i.e., doing what he considers right
    • /    gòng shāng guó shì   to discuss national affairs
      (This is a fossil word from Ancient Chinese where (OC *djeʔ) originally means "what is right (for the country)", i.e., "laws and policies")
  6. A surname.

Usage notes

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of (“this”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese , , , anteclassical, ,
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Cantonese Guangzhou ,
Hong Kong ,
Taishan
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Huizhou Jixi
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Xiamen
Quanzhou ,
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Chaozhou
Shantou
Wu Shanghai , old-style, obsolete
Wenzhou
Dialectal synonyms of (“to be (+ noun)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Tianjin
Jinan
Xi'an
Wuhan
Chengdu
Yangzhou
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Taishan
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Xiamen
Quanzhou
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Kaohsiung
Tainan
Taichung
Hsinchu
Lukang
Sanxia
Yilan
Kinmen
Magong
Penang
Chaozhou
Shantou
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou
Wenzhou
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng

Compounds

References


Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. justice, right

Readings


Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 바를 (bareul si))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(thị)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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