只

See also: 隻, 衹, and 祇

只	U+53EA, 只 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53EA

← 叩
[U+53E9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

叫 →
[U+53EB]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

只 (radical 30, 口+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 口金 (RC), four-corner 6080₀, composition ⿱口八)

References

KangXi: page 172, character 5

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3239

Dae Jaweon: page 383, character 1

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 570, character 3

Unihan data for U+53EA

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (只) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
只	klje, kljeʔ
胑	*klje
疻	klje, klji
軹	*kljeʔ
咫	*kljeʔ
枳	kljeʔ, kleʔ
抧	*kljeʔ
伿	kljes, les
齞	*ŋleːnʔ

Pictogram (象形) : airflow coming out of a mouth (口) – a modal particle.

Etymology 1

trad.		只/衹^/祇^
simp.		只
variant forms		秖

Schuessler (2007) suggests that it is possibly Sino-Tibetan, relating it to Kamarupan ke, kʰe (“one”), which are perhaps related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-kjaŋ (“single”), whence Tibetan རྐྱང (rkyang, “single”), Burmese [script needed] (khyàŋ, “single”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˇ

(Chengdu, SP): zi³
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): zi²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): zi²
Gan (Wiktionary): ziit⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳ́ / chṳt

(Meixian, Guangdong): zed⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): zi²
Min Bei (KCR): cǐ
Min Dong (BUC): cī
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chí

(Teochew, Peng'im): zi²
Wu (Wiktionary): tsr (T2); tseq (T4)
Xiang (Wiktionary): zhr³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
  - Wade–Giles: chih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zi³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: zi²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ziit⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɨt̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́ / chṳt
  - Hakka Romanization System: zii` / ziid`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zi³ / zid⁵
  - IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹/, /t͡sɨt̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zed⁵
  - IPA: /t͡sət̚¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zi²
  - IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǐ
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
  - Tâi-lô: tsí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕi⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zi²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsr (T2); tseq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩³⁴/, /t͡səʔ⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zhr³
  - IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡ʂʐ̩⁴¹/
  - IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sz̩⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiᴇ/▼

Rime
Character	只
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	章移切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciə̆/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕie/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhī

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*klje/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	只
Reading #	1/2
No.	17304
Phonetic component	只
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	支
Old Chinese	/*klje/

Definitions

只

only; just; simply; merely
我只去過一次。 / 我只去过一次。 ― Wǒ zhǐ qù guò yī cì. ― I've only been there once.

湯裡只放了一點兒胡椒粉。 [MSC, trad.]
汤里只放了一点儿胡椒粉。 [MSC, simp.]
Tāng lǐ zhǐ fàng le yīdiǎnr hújiāofěn. [Pinyin]
There was just a hint of pepper in the soup.
^† originally; at first

Synonyms

僅僅／仅仅 (jǐnjǐn)

Compounds

Derived terms from 只

不只 (bùzhǐ)
不圖打點，只圖混水／不图打点，只图混水
不怕官，只怕管 (bùpà guān, zhǐ pà guǎn)
不怕縣官，只怕現管／不怕县官，只怕现管
不管生癬生瘡，我只生癩／不管生癣生疮，我只生癞
不管講雞講鴨，我只講鵝／不管讲鸡讲鸭，我只讲鹅
世上無難事，只怕有心人／世上无难事，只怕有心人
僅只／仅只
只今 (zhǐjīn)
只可
只可意會，不可言傳／只可意会，不可言传 (zhǐ kě yìhuì, bù kě yánchuán)
只合
只在 (zhǐzài)
只好 (zhǐhǎo)
只待 (zhǐdài)
只得 (zhǐdé)
只怕 (zhǐpà)
只教 (zhǐjiào)
只是 (zhǐshì)

只會／只会
只有 (zhǐyǒu)
只有出的氣，沒有進的氣／只有出的气，没有进的气
只欠東風／只欠东风
只此一家，別無分店／只此一家，别无分店
只消 (zhǐxiāo)
只爭旦夕／只争旦夕
只甚
只當／只当
只知其一，不知其二
只知有己，不知有人
只管 (zhǐguǎn)
只索
只能 (zhǐnéng)
只要 (zhǐyào)
只要功夫深，鐵杵磨成針／只要功夫深，铁杵磨成针 (zhǐyào gōngfu shēn, tiěchǔ mó chéng zhēn)
只見／只见 (zhǐjiàn)
只見樹木，不見森林／只见树木，不见森林
只許州官放火，不許百姓點燈／只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯 (zhǐ xǔ zhōuguān fànghuǒ, bùxǔ bǎixìng diǎndēng)

只認錢不認人／只认钱不认人
只道
只重衣衫不重人
只須／只须
只顧／只顾 (zhǐgù)
天下無難事，只怕有心人／天下无难事，只怕有心人
好漢只怕病來磨／好汉只怕病来磨
弱水三千，只取一瓢飲／弱水三千，只取一瓢饮 (ruòshuǐsānqiān, zhǐ qǔ yīpiáo yǐn)
敢只是
是非只為多開口／是非只为多开口
破蒸籠，只會撒氣／破蒸笼，只会撒气
肐膊只折在袖子裡／肐膊只折在袖子里
英雄只怕病來磨／英雄只怕病来磨
萬事俱備，只欠東風／万事俱备，只欠东风
蚊子遭扇打，只為嘴傷人／蚊子遭扇打，只为嘴伤人
豈只／岂只
賊沒種，只怕哄／贼没种，只怕哄
逢人只說三分話／逢人只说三分话

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		只
variant forms		茲／兹 Min

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi²
Min Dong (BUC): cī
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chí

(Teochew, Peng'im): zi²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
  - Wade–Giles: chih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
  - Tâi-lô: tsí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cie
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zi²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵²/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiᴇ^X/▼

Rime
Character	只
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	諸氏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjɛ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciə̆^X/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕie^X/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕǐe^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕie̯^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǐ

Definitions

只

(literary or Min) this

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 這 (“this”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		此, 斯, 是, 茲 anteclassical, 夫, 爾
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		這
Mandarin	Beijing	這
Mandarin	Taiwan	這
Cantonese	Guangzhou	呢, 依
	Hong Kong	呢, 依
	Taishan	該
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	這
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	這
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	這
	Dongshi (Dabu)	這
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	這
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	這
Huizhou	Jixi	爾
Min Dong	Fuzhou	只
Min Nan	Xiamen	這
	Quanzhou	只, 這
	Zhangzhou	這
	Taipei	這
	Chaozhou	只
	Shantou	只
Wu	Shanghai	搿, 迭 old-style, 第 obsolete
Wu	Wenzhou	個

Compounds

只久
只仂囝
只兩幫／只两帮
只回
只塊／只块

只幫／只帮
只滿／只满
只盤／只盘
只行
只裡／只里

只角
只輪／只轮
只邊／只边
只隻／只只

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		只

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
  - Wade–Giles: chih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiᴇ^X/▼

Rime
Character	只
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	諸氏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjɛ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciə̆^X/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕie^X/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕǐe^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕie̯^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǐ

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kljeʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	只
Reading #	2/2
No.	17307
Phonetic component	只
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	紙
Old Chinese	/*kljeʔ/

Definitions

只

^† A modal particle.

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.		只

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
  - Wade–Giles: chih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/

Definitions

只

^† to do

Etymology 5

simp. and trad.		只

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhǐ → zhi (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˇ → ˙ㄓ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Wade–Giles: chih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .jyy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/ → /ɖ͡ʐ̥ʐ̩/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/

Definitions

只

^† Progressive particle, akin to 著／着 (zhe). [Yuan–Ming]

Etymology 6

simp. and trad.		只

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Zhǐ (Zhi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
File:zh-Zhǐ.ogg
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: Zhǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
  - Wade–Giles: chih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jyy
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕiᴇ^X/▼

Rime
Character	只
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	諸氏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjɛ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciə̆^X/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕie^X/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕǐe^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕie̯^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǐ

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kljeʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	只
Reading #	2/2
No.	17307
Phonetic component	只
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	紙
Old Chinese	/*kljeʔ/

Definitions

只

A surname.

Etymology 7

For pronunciation and definitions of 只 – see 隻. (This character, 只, is the simplified form of 隻.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 8

For pronunciation and definitions of 只 – see 咫 (“unit of measurement during the Zhou dynasty, equal to eight [[cun; etc.”). (This character, 只, is a variant form of 咫.)

Japanese

Kanji

只

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

only, simply

Readings

Go-on: し (shi)
Kan-on: し (shi)
Kun: ただ (tada, 只)

Definitions

Kanji in this term
只
ただ Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 只 – see the following entry at ただ.
ただ【只・唯・徒・但・常】 [adjective]只, 唯: ordinary, usual, common, mere [adjective]只: free of charge, free [conjunction]but, however, although [adverb]merely, commonly, simply, only
(This term, 只, is a kanji spelling of ただ.)

Korean

Hanja

只 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

只 (chỉ, chích)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.