湯

See also: 汤
湯 U+6E6F, 湯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E6F
← 湮
[U+6E6E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 湰 →
[U+6E70]

Translingual

Han character

湯 (radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水日一竹 (EAMH), four-corner 36127, composition ⿰氵昜)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 638, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17874
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1045, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1674, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6E6F

Chinese
trad. 湯
simp. 汤

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (昜) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
湯 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ
踼 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋʔ, *l'aːŋ, *l'aːŋs
蝪 *l̥ʰaːŋ
薚 *l̥ʰaːŋ
簜 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l'aːŋʔ
盪 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ
偒 *l̥ʰaːŋʔ
蕩 *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ
燙 *l̥ʰaːŋs
啺 *l'aːŋ
碭 *l'aːŋ, *l'aːŋs
婸 *l'aːŋʔ
愓 *l'aːŋʔ
璗 *l'aːŋʔ
崵 *l'aːŋʔ, *laŋ
逿 *l'aːŋs
暢 *l̥ʰaŋs
畼 *l̥ʰaŋs
腸 *l'aŋ
場 *l'aŋ
傷 *hljaŋ, *hljaŋs
殤 *hljaŋ
觴 *hljaŋ
慯 *hljaŋ, *hljaŋs
禓 *hljaŋ, *laŋ
塲 *hljaŋ
陽 *laŋ
楊 *laŋ
揚 *laŋ
瘍 *laŋ
煬 *laŋ, *laŋs
鍚 *laŋ
暘 *laŋ
颺 *laŋ, *laŋs
昜 *laŋ
輰 *laŋ
敭 *laŋ
鰑 *laŋ
諹 *laŋ, *laŋs
瑒 *laŋ, *rlaːŋʔ
鸉 *laŋ
餳 *ljaːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 昜 (OC *laŋ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-la(w)ŋ (“steam; hot (liquid)”); compare Tibetan རླངས (rlangs, “steam, vapour; steamy”) (Bodman, 1980; STEDT).

Related to 盪 (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ, “basin for holding hot water for washing; wash basin”), 煬 (OC *laŋ, *laŋs, “to heat; to roast”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1
Note:
  • thng - vernacular;
  • thong - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 湯
Mandarin Beijing /tʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /tʰaŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tʰɑŋ²¹/
Jinan /tʰaŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /tʰaŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /tʰaŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /tʰaŋ²¹/
Xining /tʰɔ̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tʰɑŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /tʰɑ̃³¹/
Ürümqi /tʰɑŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /tʰã̠/
Nanjing /tʰaŋ³¹/
Hefei /tʰɑ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /tʰɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /tʰɑŋ¹³/
/tʰuə¹³/
Hohhot /tʰɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /tʰɑ̃⁵³/
Suzhou /tʰɑ̃⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /tʰɑŋ³³/
Wenzhou /tʰuɔ³³/
Hui Shexian /tʰa³¹/
Tunxi /tʰau¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /tʰan³³/
Xiangtan /tʰɔn³³/
Gan Nanchang /tʰɔŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /tʰoŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tʰoŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tʰɔŋ⁵³/
Nanning /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
/tʰŋ̍⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tʰouŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tʰɔŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /tʰaŋ³³/
/tʰɯŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /haŋ²³/
/ho²³/
Rime
Character 湯
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 吐郎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /tʰɑŋ/
Wang
Li		 /tʰɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tāng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 湯 湯
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 tāng tāng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ thang › ‹ thang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ˁaŋ/ /*r̥ˁaŋ/
English hot liquid (proper name:) founder of Shāng dynasty

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 湯
Reading # 1/3
No. 14552
Phonetic
component		 昜
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 湯
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ʰaːŋ/

Definitions

湯

  1. (literary or regional) hot or boiling water
  2. broth; stock
  3. soup; water in which something has been boiled; beverage
    薑湯 / 姜汤  ―  jiāngtāng  ―  ginger tea
    我們晚餐喝湯。 / 我们晚餐喝汤。  ―  Wǒmen wǎncān hē tāng.  ―  We will have soup for dinner.
  4. decoction of medicinal herbs
    • 白虎湯 / 白虎汤  ―  bái hǔ tāng  ―  White Tiger Decoction
  5. hot spring
  6. (dialectal Mandarin) dinner; meal
    喝湯兒 / 喝汤儿  ―  hē tāngr  ―  to have a meal [Central Mandarin]
  7. (Min Nan) pus
  8. Tang of Shang, founder of the Shang Dynasty of China
  9. A surname​.

Compounds
Derived terms from 湯

Pronunciation 2
Rime
Character 湯
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 他浪切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰɑŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰɑŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰaŋH/
Li
Rong		 /tʰɑŋH/
Wang
Li		 /tʰɑŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰɑŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tàng
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 湯
Reading # 2/3
No. 14560
Phonetic
component		 昜
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 儻
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ʰaːŋs/
Notes 後作燙

Definitions

湯

  1. † Original form of 燙／烫 (tàng, “to warm; to bathe or rinse in hot water”).
  2. † to touch; to come in contact with
  3. † to meet with

Pronunciation 3
Rime
Character 湯
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 式羊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɕɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɕiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɕiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɕɨaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ɕiaŋ/
Wang
Li		 /ɕĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɕi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shāng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 湯
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shāng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ syang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥aŋ/
English amply-flowing

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 湯
Reading # 3/3
No. 14585
Phonetic
component		 昜
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 商
Old
Chinese		 /*hljaŋ/

Definitions

湯

  1. † Only used in 湯湯／汤汤 (shāngshāng, “torrential”).

Compounds
Derived terms from 湯

Pronunciation 4

Definitions

湯

  1. † Alternative form of 暘／旸 (yáng). Only used in 暘谷／旸谷.

Japanese

Kanji
湯

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
湯
ゆ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

湯 (hiragana ゆ, rōmaji yu)

  1. warm or hot water
  2. bathwater
  3. a hot spring
  4. a medicinal bath
  5. a medicinal decoction
  6. bilgewater
  7. molten metal used in casting or founding
  8. urine
Derived terms
Synonyms

Etymology 2

Baby talk.[3] Possibly onomatopoeic of a person blowing on a hot beverage.

Pronunciation

Noun

湯 (hiragana ぶう, rōmaji bū)

  1. (childish, archaic) warm or hot water
  2. (childish, archaic) tea

References
  1. c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 16, poem 3824), text here
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja

湯 • (tang, sang) (hangeul 탕, 상, revised tang, sang, McCune–Reischauer t'ang, sang, Yale thang, sang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

湯 (thang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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