影

影 U+5F71, 影
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F71
← 彰
[U+5F70] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 彲 →
[U+5F72]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

影 (radical 59, 彡+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 日火竹竹竹 (AFHHH), four-corner 62922, composition ⿰景彡)

Derived characters
  • 𡂵, 𤂖, 𥶩

References
  • KangXi: page 364, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10019
  • Dae Jaweon: page 684, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 857, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5F71

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 影
variant forms 𢒈 (second-round simplified)

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (京) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涼 *ɡ·raŋ, *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raŋs
凉 *ɡ·raŋ
椋 *ɡ·raŋ
綡 *ɡ·raŋ
輬 *ɡ·raŋ
諒 *ɡ·raŋs
掠 *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raɡ
弶 *ɡaŋs
京 *kraŋ
麖 *kraŋ
鶁 *kraŋ
景 *kraŋʔ
鯨 *ɡraŋ
黥 *ɡraŋ
勍 *ɡraŋ
剠 *ɡraŋ
倞 *ɡraŋs
影 *qraŋʔ
璟 *qraŋʔ, *kʷraŋʔ
憬 *kʷraŋʔ
暻 *kʷraŋʔ
澋 *ɡʷraːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qraŋʔ) : phonetic 景 (OC *kraŋʔ) + semantic 彡.

Etymology

Either cognate to 英 (OC *qraŋ) "bright" or rather its Austroasiatic comparanda, or connected with 苑 (OC *qonʔ, *qons) "shady"

Pronunciation
Note:
  • yǐngr - “shadow; reflection; vague impression”.
Note:
  • iáⁿ - vernacular;
  • ńg - vernacular (limited, e.g. 樹影／树影);
  • éng - literary.
Rime
Character 影
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於丙切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔˠiæŋX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔᵚiaŋX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔiaŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔiajŋX/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiɐŋX/
Wang
Li		 /ĭɐŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯ɐŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yǐng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 影
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yǐng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjængX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qraŋʔ/
English shadow (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 影
Reading # 1/1
No. 6837
Phonetic
component		 京
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 影
Old
Chinese		 /*qraŋʔ/
Notes 古作景，顏之推說葛洪字苑始加彡

Definitions

影

  1. shadow
  2. image
  3. trace (of human presence); presence (of people or things); occurrence (of events)
  4. picture; photograph
  5. (Cantonese) to take (a picture)

Synonyms
  • (to take a picture): (Mandarin) 拍 (pāi)

Compounds
Derived terms from 影

Japanese

Kanji
影

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

Unbound apophonic form of 影 (kaga).

Noun

影 (hiragana かが, rōmaji kaga)

  1. light
  2. a shape or form reflected in light
  3. a shadow
Derived terms

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
影
かげ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

影 (kaga) +‎ い (-i) > kage. Bound apophonic form of 影 (kaga).

Pronunciation

Noun

影 (hiragana かげ, rōmaji kage)

  1. shadow
    馬 (うま)の影 (かげ)
    uma no kage
    a shadow of a horse
  2. a shape or form reflected in light
  3. presence
    この町 (まち)は影 (かげ)が薄 (うす)い。
    Kono machi wa kage ga usui.
    This town's presence is little.
  4. negative aspect
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
影
えい
Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 影 (MC ʔˠiæŋX).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

Affix

影 (hiragana えい, rōmaji ei)

  1. shadow
  2. light
  3. a shape or form reflected in light
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 4
Kanji in this term
影
よう
Grade: S
goon

From Middle Chinese 影 (MC ʔˠiæŋX).

The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

Affix

影 (hiragana よう, rōmaji yō)

  1. (rare) Alternative form of 影 (ei)

See also

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

影 • (yeong) (hangeul 영)

  1. shadow

Vietnamese

Han character

影 (ảnh)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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