涼

See also: 凉
涼 U+6DBC, 涼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DBC
← 涻
[U+6DBB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 涽 →
[U+6DBD]

Translingual

Han character

涼 (radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水卜口火 (EYRF), four-corner 30196, composition ⿰氵京)

References
  • KangXi: page 628, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17606
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1030, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1657, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6DBC

Chinese
trad. 涼
simp. 凉

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 涼
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (京) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涼 *ɡ·raŋ, *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raŋs
凉 *ɡ·raŋ
椋 *ɡ·raŋ
綡 *ɡ·raŋ
輬 *ɡ·raŋ
諒 *ɡ·raŋs
掠 *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raɡ
弶 *ɡaŋs
京 *kraŋ
麖 *kraŋ
鶁 *kraŋ
景 *kraŋʔ
鯨 *ɡraŋ
黥 *ɡraŋ
勍 *ɡraŋ
剠 *ɡraŋ
倞 *ɡraŋs
影 *qraŋʔ
璟 *qraŋʔ, *kʷraŋʔ
憬 *kʷraŋʔ
暻 *kʷraŋʔ
澋 *ɡʷraːŋʔ

Pronunciation
Note:
  • liâng/liông - literary;
  • niû/niô͘ - vernacular.
Rime
Character 涼 涼
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 來 (37) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 陽 (105) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 呂章切 力讓切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /lɨɐŋ/ /lɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /liɐŋ/ /liɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /liɑŋ/ /liɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lɨaŋ/ /lɨaŋH/
Li
Rong		 /liaŋ/ /liaŋH/
Wang
Li		 /lĭaŋ/ /lĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /li̯aŋ/ /li̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 liáng liàng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 涼
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 liáng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ljang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.raŋ/
English cold

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 涼 涼 涼
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 6818 6824 6826
Phonetic
component		 京 京 京
Rime
group		 陽 陽 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 亮 亮
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡ·raŋ/ /*ɡ·raŋs/ /*ɡ·raŋs/

Definitions

涼

  1. cool; cold
  2. discouraged; disheartened
  3. forlorn
  4. heat-preventing
  5. (slang, neologism) be done for; be finished or destroyed; gone for the dogs; curtains (for someone)
    都散了吧，Flash平臺已涼！ [MSC, trad.]
    都散了吧，Flash平台已凉！ [MSC, simp.]
    Dōu sàn le ba, Flash píngtái yǐ liáng! [Pinyin]
    [Let's] all go away; Flash platform is already dead!
    作為手機系統的webOS早就涼透了！ [MSC, trad.]
    作为手机系统的webOS早就凉透了！ [MSC, simp.]
    Zuòwéi shǒujī xìtǒng de webOS zǎojiù liáng tòu le! [Pinyin]
    webOS as a cell phone OS is dead thoroughly long since!

See also
  • 冷 (lěng, “cold”)

Compounds
Derived terms from 涼

References

Japanese

Kanji
涼

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. cool, refreshing
  2. lonely, desolate

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Alternative forms
Kanji in this term
涼
りょう
Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

/rɨau/ → /rjau/ → /rjɔː/ → /rjoː/

From Middle Chinese 涼 (MC lɨɐŋ, lɨɐŋH).

Pronunciation

Noun

涼 (hiragana りょう, rōmaji ryō, historical hiragana りやう)

  1. cool breeze; refreshing coolness

Derived terms
  • 涼 (りょう)を取 (と)る (ryō o toru, “cool off”)

Proper noun

涼 (hiragana りょう, rōmaji Ryō, historical hiragana りやう)

  1. (historical) Liang, name of five of the Sixteen Kingdoms:
    1. 前涼 (Zenryō, “Former Liang”, 320–376 CE)
    2. 後涼 (Kōryō, Goryō, “Later Liang”, 386–403 CE)
    3. 南涼 (Nanryō, “Southern Liang”, 397–414 CE)
    4. 北涼 (Hokuryō, “Northern Liang”, 397–439 CE)
    5. 西涼 (Seiryō, “Western Liang”, 400–421 CE)
  2. a female given name

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

涼 • (ryang>yang) (hangeul 량>양, revised ryang>yang, McCune–Reischauer ryang>yang, Yale lyang>yang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

涼 (lương)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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