あ
See also: ぁ and Appendix:Variations of "a"
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Japanese
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Etymology 1
Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 安 in the cursive sōsho style.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [a̠]
Audio (file)
Syllable
あ (romaji a)
See also
Etymology 2
Common exclamatory sound made by people of various cultures around the world.
Interjection
Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of あ – see the following entries. | ||||||||||
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(This term, あ, is the hiragana spelling of several Sino-Japanese terms.) For a list of all kanji with on'yomi あ, not just those used in Sino-Japanese terms, see Category:Japanese kanji with on reading あ. |
Etymology 4
Alternative spellings | 吾 我 |
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From Old Japanese. The short form of あれ (are).
Fell into disuse in roughly the Heian period,[2][1] when it was replaced by わ (wa).
Pronoun
あ (rōmaji a)
- (obsolete) first-person personal pronoun: I, me
- c. 1001–1014, Murasaki Shikibu, Genji Monogatari (Yūgao)
- あが君、生き出で給へ。いと、いみじき目な見せ給ひそ
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- c. 1001–1014, Murasaki Shikibu, Genji Monogatari (Yūgao)
See also
First person | Second person | Close to speaker | Close to listener | Far from both | Interrogative | Reflexive | |
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Person | あ (a), あれ (are) わ (wa), われ (ware) まろ (maro) |
な (na), なれ (nare) なんぢ (nanji) まし (mashi) いまし (imashi) みまし (mimashi) きみ (kimi) |
こ (ko), これ (kore) | そ (so), それ (sore) | あ (a), あれ (are) か (ka), かれ (kare) |
た (ta), たれ (tare) なにがし (nanigashi) |
おの (ono) |
Thing | こ (ko), これ (kore) | そ (so), それ (sore) | あ (a), あれ (are) か (ka), かれ (kare) |
いづれ (izure) なに (nani) |
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Location | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あしこ (ashiko) かしこ (kashiko) |
いづこ (izuko) いづく (izuku) いどこ (idoko) どこ (doko) |
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Direction | こち (kochi) こなた (konata) |
そち (sochi) そなた (sonata) |
あち (achi) あなた (anata) かなた (kanata) |
いづち (izuchi) いづら (izura) いづかた (izukata) |
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Manner | か (ka) かく (kaku) かくて (kakute) かう (kō) |
さ (sa), さて (sate) しか (shika) |
いか (ika) | ||||
Time | いつ (itsu) |
Etymology 5
Alternative spelling | 彼 |
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/ka/ → /a/
Shift in pronunciation from か (ka). Appears from the Heian period.[2]
Pronoun
あ (rōmaji a)
- distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon
Derived terms
See also
First person | Second person | Close to speaker | Close to listener | Far from both | Interrogative | Reflexive | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | あ (a), あれ (are) わ (wa), われ (ware) まろ (maro) |
な (na), なれ (nare) なんぢ (nanji) まし (mashi) いまし (imashi) みまし (mimashi) きみ (kimi) |
こ (ko), これ (kore) | そ (so), それ (sore) | あ (a), あれ (are) か (ka), かれ (kare) |
た (ta), たれ (tare) なにがし (nanigashi) |
おの (ono) |
Thing | こ (ko), これ (kore) | そ (so), それ (sore) | あ (a), あれ (are) か (ka), かれ (kare) |
いづれ (izure) なに (nani) |
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Location | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あしこ (ashiko) かしこ (kashiko) |
いづこ (izuko) いづく (izuku) いどこ (idoko) どこ (doko) |
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Direction | こち (kochi) こなた (konata) |
そち (sochi) そなた (sonata) |
あち (achi) あなた (anata) かなた (kanata) |
いづち (izuchi) いづら (izura) いづかた (izukata) |
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Manner | か (ka) かく (kaku) かくて (kakute) かう (kō) |
さ (sa), さて (sate) しか (shika) |
いか (ika) | ||||
Time | いつ (itsu) |
Etymology 8
Alternative spellings | 有 在 |
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Alternative spelling of あん (an), the onbin form of あり (ari) or ある (aru), with the ん (n) omitted in writing
Verb
あ (rōmaji a)
- (Classical Japanese) to be, to exist
- c. 1001–1014, Murasaki Shikibu, Genji Monogatari
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 3: Man’yōshū 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2002, →ISBN.
- Yamagishi, Tokuhei (1958) Koten Bungaku Taikei 14: Genji Monogatari 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
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