ん

See also: 𬼂

ん	U+3093, ん HIRAGANA LETTER N

Hiragana

Japanese

Stroke order

IPA^(key): [nː] before dental and alveolar consonants t, d, ch, j, n, r, s, ts, z
IPA^(key): [mː] before m, p, b
IPA^(key): [ŋː] before k, g
IPA^(key): [ɴː] at the end of utterances, before approximants w and y, and before vowels, often causing nasalization of the preceding vowel

When speakers wish to convey the consonant very clearly, for example in classical singing or when spelling things out to someone who can't hear the speaker well, [m] may be used in place of [ɴ], and potentially even in all other positions.

Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 无 in the cursive sōsho style. ん and む were originally both used for both the n and mu sounds; ん was designated as n in the script reform.

ん (romaji n)

The hiragana syllable ん (n). Its equivalent in katakana is ン (n). It is the forty-eighth syllable in the gojūon order.

/nu/ → /n/, /ŋ/

An abbreviation of the negative ending ぬ (nu).

ん (rōmaji -n)

(jodōshi) (after the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of a verb): negative form of verbs
- 北大路魯山人, 『味覚馬鹿』
  あるといえばあるが、しかし、ほんとうのことはわからん。
  Aru to ieba aru ga, shikashi, hontō no koto wa wakaran.
  There is, to be sure, but, I don't know the facts.

The negative usage of ん (-n) is a colloquial form of ぬ (nu), and this is mainly used in western Japanese dialects.
- Since ない is adopted as a standard form for the negative suffix in modern Japanese, ん gives a dialectal or very casual impression compared to ない today.
- On the other hand, ん is common in fictional dialogue attributed to archaic or pompous characters.

/mu/ → /n/, /ŋ/

An abbreviation of the intentional, volitional, and suppositional ending む (mu).

ん (rōmaji -n)

(jodōshi) (after the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of a verb): volitional form of verbs
- 北大路魯山人, 『味覚馬鹿』
  高級食器 (こうきゅうしょっき)、美 (び)器 (き)をつくらんとするものは、美食 (びしょく)に通 (つう)ずべし。
  Kōkyū shokki, biki o tsukuran to suru mono wa, bishoku ni tsūzu beshi.
  He who tries to make high-class tableware and beauty ware, must be familiar with epicurism.

The volitional usage of ん (-n) is a colloquial form of む (mu), and this is usually used to impart a literary style in modern Japanese.
In modern Japanese, this is more commonly realized as the -ō or -yō volitional verb ending, derived by abbreviation of the /m/:
- For type 1 or godan verbs: /-amu/ → /-au/ → /-ɔː/ → /-oː/
- For type 2 or 3 ichidan verbs with stems ending in /-i/: /-Cimu/ → /-Ciu/ → /-Cʲoː/ → /-Cijoː/
- For type 2 or 3 ichidan verbs with stems ending in /-e/: -Cemu/ → /-Ceu/ → /-Cʲoː/ → /-Cejoː/
  - /C/ above indicates the last consonant in the verb stem, such as the /m/ in /mi/, the verb stem for 見る (miru, “to see”), or the /b/ in /tabe/, the verb stem for 食べる (taberu, “to eat”).

/no/ → /n/, /ŋ/.

ん (rōmaji n)

/r-/ → /r/ → /n/, /ŋ/.

ん (rōmaji -n)

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