日和

See also: 白和

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
日 和
ひ
Grade: 1		 より
Grade: 3
kun’yomi Irregular

Thought to be derived from 日 (hi, “sun”) +‎ 寄り (yori, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 寄る (yoru), “to draw near”‎). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

The use of 和 for "calm" is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).

Pronunciation
  • (Irregular reading)

Noun

日和 (hiragana ひより, rōmaji hiyori)

  1. weather (conditions)
    Synonym: 天気 (tenki)
  2. a clear sky, nice weather
    Synonym: 晴天 (seiten)
  3. a circumstance, situation
  4. Short for 日和下駄 (hiyori geta): clogs for use in dry weather
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • お日和 (ひより) (ohiyori)
  • 日 (ひ)和 (よ)る (hiyoru, “sit on the fence”)
  • 日和 (ひより)下 (げ)駄 (た) (hiyori geta)
  • 日和 (ひより)乞 (ご)い (hiyorigoi)
  • 日和 (ひより)続 (つづ)き (hiyoritsuzuki)
  • 日和 (ひより)待 (ま)ち (hiyorimachi)
  • 日和 (ひより)見 (み) (hiyorimi, “sitting on the fence”)
  • 日和 (ひより)申 (もう)し (hiyorimōshi)
  • 日和 (ひより)山 (やま) (hiyoriyama)
  • 秋 (あき)日和 (びより) (akibiyori)
  • 朝 (あさ)日和 (びより) (asabiyori)
  • 一 (いち)石 (こく)日和 (びより) (ichikoku-biyori), 一 (いっ)石 (こく)日和 (びより) (ikkokubiyori)
  • 御 (お)講 (こう)日和 (びより) (okōbiyori)
  • 海 (かい)路 (ろ)の日和 (ひより) (kairo no hiyori)
  • 菊 (きく)日和 (びより) (kikubiyori)
  • 狐 (きつね)日和 (びより) (kitsunebiyori)
  • 小 (こ)春 (はる)日和 (びより) (koharu-biyori, “Indian summer”)
  • 霜 (しも)日和 (びより) (shimobiyori)
  • 上 (じょう)日和 (びより) (jō-biyori)
  • 中 (なか)日和 (ひより) (nakahiyori)
  • 俄 (にわか)日和 (びより) (niwakabiyori)
  • 春 (はる)日和 (びより) (harubiyori)
  • 冬 (ふゆ)日和 (びより) (fuyubiyori)
  • 雪 (ゆき)日和 (びより) (yukibiyori)
Idioms
  • 泣 (な)き出 (だ)しそうな日和 (ひより) (nakidashisō na hiyori)
  • 待 (ま)てば甘 (かん)露 (ろ)の日和 (ひより)あり (mateba kanro no hiyori ari)

Suffix

日和 (hiragana びより, rōmaji -biyori)

  1. (figuratively) perfect weather for an activity
    散 (さん)歩 (ぽ)日和 (びより)
    sanpo-biyori
    good day for a walk outside
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 気 (き)違 (ちが)い日和 (びより) (kichigai-biyori)
  • 下 (くだ)り日和 (びより) (kudari-biyori)
  • 出 (で)日和 (びより) (debiyori)
  • 上 (のぼ)り日和 (びより) (nobori-biyori)
  • 麦 (むぎ)日和 (びより) (mugibiyori)

Proper noun

日和 (hiragana ひより, rōmaji Hiyori)

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
日 和
Grade: 1 Grade: 3
Irregular

From a poem in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE, a shift in meaning from Old Japanese 庭 (⟨nipa⟩ → niwa, “area → wide open sea”):

  • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 3, poem 256 by Kakinomoto ni Hitomaro), text here
    飼飯 (けひの)海 (うみ)乃 (の)庭 (には)好 (よく)有之 (あらし)苅薦 (かりこも)乃 (の)乱 (みだれて)出 (いづ)所 (み)見 (ゆ)海人 (あまの)釣 (つり)船 (ぶね) [Man'yōgana]
    笥 (け)飯 (ひ)の海 (うみ)の庭 (には)よくあらし刈 (かり)薦 (ごも)の乱 (みだ)れて出 (い)づ見 (み)ゆ海 (あ)人 (ま)の釣 (つ)り船 (ぶね) [Modern spelling]
    Kehi-no-umi no niwa yoku arashi karigomo no midarete izu miyu ama no tsuribune
    The fishing grounds at Kehi must be yielding their riches today; scattering about on the waves, like freshly cut reeds, I can see the boats of fishermen.[2]

The kanji spelling is an example of ateji (当て字).

Noun

日和 (hiragana にわ, rōmaji niwa, historical hiragana には)

  1. (archaic) calm sea
  2. (archaic) calm weather
  3. (archaic) good mood
    Synonym: 機嫌 (kigen)

Proper noun

日和 (hiragana にわ, rōmaji Niwa, historical hiragana には)

  1. a surname

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Marc P. Keane; Haruzo Ohashi, photography (2012) Japanese Garden Design‎, illustrated edition, Tuttle Publishing, →ISBN
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