癌

癌 (radical 104, 疒+12, 17 strokes, cangjie input 大口口山 (KRRU), four-corner 0017₂, composition ⿸疒嵒)

• KangXi: not present, would follow page 781, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22538
• Dae Jaweon: page 1190, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2697, character 4
• Unihan data for U+764C

Phono-semantic compound (形聲) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 嵒 (OC *ŋrɯːm, *ŋjab); 嵒 is a variant of 岩.

From 岩 (yán, “cliff; rock, stone”), since cancers often present as lumps or outgrowths on the body.

In Mandarin, this character used to be pronounced identically as 岩 (yán). Its pronunciation was changed to ái in December 1962 to avoid the homophony between 癌 (ái, “cancer”) and 炎 (yán, “inflammation”) (compare 肺炎 (fèiyán, “pneumonia”) and 肺癌 (fèi'ái, “lung cancer”)). The new pronunciation ái stems from dialectal pronunciations of 岩 (“rock; cliff”) /ŋai/, influenced by 崖 (yá, yái, “cliff”).

癌

1. cancer, carcinoma

   癌症  ―  áizhèng  ―  cancer

• 普通話异讀詞审音表初稿(第三編) [Third List of Pronunciation Standards for Words with Multiple Readings in Putonghua, Draft] (in Chinese), 文字改革 [Script Reform], Issue 85, December 1962, page 1

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. cancer

• Go-on: げん (gen)
• Kan-on: がん (gan)

From Middle Chinese 癌.

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • (Tokyo) が​ん [gáꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
  • IPA^(key): [ɡã̠ɴ]

癌 (hiragana がん, rōmaji gan)

1. (medicine, oncology, pathology) cancer

   彼 (かれ)の祖母 (そぼ)は癌 (がん)で死 (し)んだ。

   Kare no sobo wa gan de shinda.

   His grandmother died of cancer.

   • 1997 September 1 [Oct 10 1996], Fujiko F. Fujio, “くたばれ評ひょう論ろん家か　の巻まき [The Drop-Dead Critic]”, in エスパー魔美 [Esper Mami], volume 1 (fiction), 4th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 151:

     え？剣 (つるぎ)鋭 (えい)介 (すけ)がガン⁉

     E? Tsurugi Eisuke ga gan⁉

     What? Tsurugi Eisuke has cancer⁉

     文 (ぶん)化 (か)部 (ぶ)の立 (たち)原 (はら)さんにきいたの、再 (さい)発 (はつ)ですって。ガン細 (さい)胞 (ぼう)があちこち転 (てん)移 (い)してて、こんどはダメだろうと………

     Bunkabu no Tachihara-san ni kiita no, saihatsu desu tte. Gan saibō ga achi kochi ten'i shite te, kondo wa dame darō to………

     I heard that from Tachihara-san of the Department of Culture, sounds like it’s a recurrence. The cancer cells’ve been spreading, seems like there’s not much hope this time around………

2. (figuratively) cancer

   中 (ちゅう)央 (おう)集 (しゅう)権 (けん)体 (たい)制 (せい)は社 (しゃ)会 (かい)の癌 (がん)になっている。

   Chūō shūken taisei wa shakai no gan ni natte iru.

   The centralized administrative system has become a cancer of the society.

This term is often spelled in katakana, especially in medical contexts, as ガン.

癌 • (am) (hangeul 암, revised am, McCune–Reischauer am, Yale am)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

癌 (nham)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.