虐

虐	U+8650, 虐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8650

← 虏
[U+864F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

虑 →
[U+8651]

虐	U+2F9B3, 虐 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9B3

← 䕫
[U+2F9B2]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

虜 →
[U+2F9B4]

Translingual

Han character

虐 (radical 141, 虍+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜心尸一 (YPSM), four-corner 2121₁, composition ⿸虍⿻匚一(GHTKV) or ⿸虍⿷匚一(J))

cruel, harsh, oppressive
abuse

References

KangXi: page 1073, character 9

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32678

Dae Jaweon: page 1540, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2820, character 5

Unihan data for U+8650

Chinese

simp. and trad.		虐
variant forms		⿻匚一 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (虐) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
虐	*ŋawɢ
瘧	*ŋawɢ
謔	*hŋawɢ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): nüè (nüe⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄩㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): joek⁶
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): ngiog⁵
Min Bei (KCR): ngiŏ̤
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): gio̍k / ge̍k / gia̍k / lio̍k / gio̍h / jio̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngiag⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: nüè
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄩㄝˋ
  - Wade–Giles: nüeh⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niueh
  - IPA ^(key): /nɥ̯œ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: joek⁶
  - Yale: yeuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joek⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêg⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /jœ̽ːk̚²/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ngiog⁵
  - IPA: /ɲiɔk̚¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngiŏ̤
  - IPA ^(key): /ŋiɔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giok
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /giɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /giɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ge̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gek
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /giɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: giak
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /giak̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: lio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liok
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /liɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gio̍h
  - Tâi-lô: gio̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gioih
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /giɤʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /gioʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: jio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jiok
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑiɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /d͡ʑiɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ngiag⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngia̍k
  - IPA ^(key): /ŋiak̚⁴/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 虐
Mandarin	Beijing	/nyɛ⁵¹/
	Harbin	/iau⁵³/ /nyɛ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/niɑu⁵³/ /nye⁵³/
	Jinan	/yə²¹/
	Qingdao	/yə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/yo²⁴/
	Xi'an	/yo²¹/
	Xining	/ȵyu²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/nye¹³/
	Lanzhou	/yə¹³/ /miə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/yɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/nio²¹³/
	Chengdu	/nyo³¹/
	Guiyang	/nio²¹/
	Kunming	/nio³¹/
	Nanjing	/loʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/lyɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/iəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/ȵyʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/niaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵiaʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/ȵiɑʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/ȵiɑʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/ȵa²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/niɔ²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/ȵio¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ȵio²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ȵio²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/ŋiok̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ŋiok̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jœk̚²/
	Nanning	/nœk̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/jœk̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/giɔk̚⁵/ /liɔk̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/ŋyoʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ŋiɔ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/ŋiak̚⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/niɔk̚³/

Middle Chinese: /ŋɨɐk̚/▼

Rime
Character	虐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	藥 (107)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚約切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨak̚/
Li Rong	/ŋiak̚/
Wang Li	/ŋĭak̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuè

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ](r)awk/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋawɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	虐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nüè
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjak ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ](r)awk/
English	cruel
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	虐
Reading #	1/1
No.	9636
Phonetic component	虐
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	虐
Old Chinese	/*ŋawɢ/

Definitions

虐

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Compounds

二豎為虐／二竖为虐
傲虐
兒童受虐／儿童受虐
凌虐 (língnüè)
凶虐
刁虐
助桀為虐／助桀为虐
助紂為虐／助纣为虐 (zhùzhòuwéinüè)
受虐 (shòunüè)
恣虐
施虐 (shīnüè)
旱魃為虐／旱魃为虐

暴虐 (bàonüè)
暴虐浮躁
暴虐無道／暴虐无道
欺虐
殘虐／残虐 (cánnüè)
窮凶極虐／穷凶极虐
罔上虐下
肆虐 (sìnüè)
苛虐
虐士
虐待 (nüèdài)
虐待狂 (nüèdàikuáng)

虐政 (nüèzhèng)
虐殺／虐杀 (nüèshā)
虐民
虐疾
被虐待狂
謔而不虐／谑而不虐
豺虎肆虐
賊虐／贼虐
酷虐
陵上虐下
陵虐
雪虐風饕／雪虐风饕

Japanese

Kanji

虐

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: ぎゃく (gyaku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ぎゃく (gyaku, Jōyō)
Kun: いじめる (ijimeru, 虐める); しいたげる (shītageru, 虐げる, Jōyō); そこなう (sokonau)

Compounds

虐殺 (ぎゃくさつ) (gyakusatsu)

虐待 (ぎゃくたい) (gyakutai)

残虐 (ざんぎゃく) (zangyaku)

Korean

Hanja

虐 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

虐 (ngược, ngước)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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