蠟

See also: 蜡 and 蝋

蠟	U+881F, 蠟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-881F

← 蠞
[U+881E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

蠠 →
[U+8820]

Translingual

Traditional	蠟
Shinjitai (extended)	蝋
Simplified	蜡

Han character

蠟 (radical 142, 虫+15, 21 strokes, cangjie input 中戈女女女 (LIVVV), four-corner 5211₆, composition ⿰虫巤)

References

KangXi: page 1101, character 31
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33786
Dae Jaweon: page 1565, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2903, character 6
Unihan data for U+881F

Chinese

trad.		蠟
simp.		蜡^*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (巤) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
鑞	*raːb
蠟	*raːb
邋	raːb, rab
臘	*raːb
臈	*raːb
擸	raːb, rab
擖	kʰreːd, kraːd, *r'aːb
獵	*rab
躐	*rab
鬣	*rab
儠	*rab
犣	*rab
鱲	*rab
巤	*rab
獦	klaːd, rab

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): là (la⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄚˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic): ла (la, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): laap⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): la̍p

(Meixian, Guangdong): lab⁶
Min Dong (BUC): iòng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): la̍p / la̍h

(Teochew, Peng'im): lah⁸
Wu (Wiktionary): laq (T5)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: là
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄚˋ
  - Wade–Giles: la⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lah
  - IPA ^(key): /lä⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: ла (la, I)
  - IPA ^(key): /laː²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: laap⁶
  - Yale: laahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: laap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: lab⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /läːp̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: la̍p
  - Hakka Romanization System: lab
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lab⁶
  - IPA: /lap̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: lab⁶
  - IPA: /lap̚⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: iòng
  - IPA ^(key): /yoŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: la̍p
  - Tâi-lô: la̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lap
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lap̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lap̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: la̍h
  - Tâi-lô: la̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lah
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /laʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /laʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /laʔ¹²¹/

Note:

la̍p - literary;
la̍h - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: lah⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: la̍h
  - IPA ^(key): /laʔ⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: laq (T5)
  - IPA ^(key): /la̱ʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: /lɑp̚/▼

Rime
Character	蠟
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	盍 (144)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧盍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lap̚/
Li Rong	/lɑp̚/
Wang Li	/lɑp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	là

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*k.rˤap/

(Zhengzhang): /*raːb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蠟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	là
Middle Chinese	‹ lap ›
Old Chinese	/*k.rˁap/ (no pre-Qín exx.)
English	wax
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蠟
Reading #	1/1
No.	8144
Phonetic component	巤
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	臘
Old Chinese	/*raːb/

Definitions

蠟

Compounds

封蠟／封蜡 (fēnglà)
石蠟／石蜡 (shílà)
蠟丸／蜡丸
蠟丸兒／蜡丸儿
蠟人／蜡人
蠟人兒／蜡人儿
蠟台／蜡台
蠟嘴／蜡嘴

蠟染／蜡染 (làrǎn)
蠟梅／蜡梅 (làméi)
蠟淚／蜡泪
蠟炬／蜡炬 (làjù)
蠟燭／蜡烛 (làzhú)
蠟版／蜡版
蠟珠／蜡珠
蠟白／蜡白

蠟石／蜡石
蠟筆／蜡笔 (làbǐ)
蠟紙／蜡纸 (làzhǐ)
蠟纈／蜡缬
蠟花／蜡花
蠟花兒／蜡花儿
蠟蟲／蜡虫
蠟黃／蜡黄 (làhuáng)

Descendants

→ Mongolian:
- лаа (laa, “candle”)
- лав (lav, “wax”)

Japanese

Shinjitai	蝋
Kyūjitai	蠟

Kanji

蠟

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 蝋)

Readings

Go-on: ろう (rō)^{←らふ (rafu, historical)}
Kan-on: ろう (rō)^{←らふ (rafu, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

蠟 • (rap>nap) (hangeul 랍>납)

wax
candle

Vietnamese

Han character

蠟: Hán Nôm readings: rệp, lạp, sáp

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.